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Low-temperature spin Seebeck effect in nonmagnetic vanadium dioxide

Physical Review B 2024年第2期110卷 024415-024415页

作者： Renjie Luo Tanner J. Legvold Liyang Chen Henry Navarro Ali C. Basaran Deshun Hong Changjiang Liu Anand Bhattacharya Ivan K. Schuller Douglas Natelson Department of Physics and Astronomy Applied Physics Graduate Program Rice Quantum Institute Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Nanoscience Materials Science Division Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering

The spin Seebeck effect (SSE) is sensitive to thermally driven magnetic excitations in magnetic insulators. Vanadium dioxide in its insulating low-temperature phase is expected to lack magnetic degrees of freedom, as vanadium atoms are thought to form singlets upon dimerization of the vanadium chains. Instead, we find a paramagnetic SSE response in VO2 films that grows as the temperature decreases below 50 K. The field and temperature-dependent SSE voltage is qualitatively consistent with a general model of paramagnetic SSE response and inconsistent with triplet spin transport. Quantitative estimates find a spin Seebeck coefficient comparable in magnitude to that observed in strongly magnetic materials. The microscopic nature of the magnetic excitations in VO2 requires further examination.

关键词： Spin Seebeck effect Paramagnets Strongly correlated systems

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Statistical Device Simulation and Machine Learning of Process Variation Effects of Vertically Stacked Gate-All-Around Si Nanosheet CFETs

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IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology 2024年 23卷 386-392页

作者： Kola, Sekhar Reddy Li, Yiming Butola, Rajat National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Biomedical Engineering Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

In this study, we report the process variation effect (PVE) including the work function fluctuation (WKF) on the DC/AC characteristic fluctuation of stacked gate-all-around silicon complementary field-effect transistors (CFETs). The PVE affects characteristic fluctuation significantly;in particular, for the variability of off-state current. Owing to the bottom channel of a fin-type, the P-FET suffers from the worst off-state current fluctuation (more than 200% variation) compared to the N-FET. The device variability induced by the WKF is marginal because of amorphous-type metal grains. As input features to an artificial neural network (ANN) model, low and high work function values, as well as parameters of PVE that have prevalent effects on CEFT transfer characteristics are further considered and modeled. The estimated values of R2-score prove that the ANN model properly grasps information from the dataset successfully;thus, it can be used to model emerging CFETs for circuit simulation. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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Development of Detection Lung Disease Stand Alone System Based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

Development of Detection Lung Disease Stand Alone System Bas...

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International Conference of computer and Informatics engineering (IC2IE)

作者： Edgar Caesar Liewarnata Yosica Mariana Sofyan Tan Suryadiputra Liawatimena Winda Astuti Automotive and Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department BINUS ASO School of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Product Design Program Industrial Engineering Department BINUS ASO School of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Automotive & Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department BINUS ASO School of Engineering Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program – Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798331505530

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505547

Lung disease, especially Tuberculosis (TBC), placed the highest death rate in Indonesia. Tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia is ranked second after India. Therefore, it is important to reduce or early detection of the lung disease, to prevent this disease and speed up handling. The system can recognize the disease lung identification, and the system applied as standalone system. In this work, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach for identifying diseases lung identification is proposed. The Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) applied to process the stethoscope sounds which will used as input to the CNN. The performance of the proposed system has been investigated and resulted. The accuracy of 99% and 98%, for training and testing accuracy respectively. Furthermore, the system accurately detects lung diseases identification.

关键词： Training Accuracy Tuberculosis Pulmonary diseases Lungs Stethoscope Recording Convolutional neural networks Mel frequency cepstral coefficient Testing

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Unveiling Population Heterogeneity in Health Risks Posed by Environmental Hazards Using Regression-Guided Neural Network

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Nam, Jong Woo Choi, Eun Young Ailshire, Jennifer A. Chiang, Yao-Yi Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Southern California United States Leonard Davis School of Gerontology University of Southern California United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota United States

Environmental hazards place certain individuals at disproportionately higher risks. As these hazards increasingly endanger human health, precise identification of the most vulnerable population subgroups is critical for public health. Moderated multiple regression (MMR) offers a straightforward method for investigating this by adding interaction terms between the exposure to a hazard and other population characteristics to a linear regression model. However, when the vulnerabilities are hidden within a cross-section of many characteristics, MMR is often limited in its capabilities to find any meaningful discoveries. Here, we introduce a hybrid method, named regression-guided neural networks (ReGNN), which utilizes artificial neural networks (ANNs) to non-linearly combine predictors, generating a latent representation that interacts with a focal predictor (i.e. variable measuring exposure to an environmental hazard). We showcase the use of ReGNN for investigating the population heterogeneity in the health effects of exposure to air pollution (PM2.5) on cognitive functioning scores. We demonstrate that population heterogeneity that would otherwise be hidden using traditional MMR can be found using ReGNN by comparing its results to the fit results of the traditional MMR models. In essence, ReGNN is a novel tool that enhances traditional regression models by effectively summarizing and quantifying an individual’s susceptibility to health risks. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Multiple linear regression

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The Effect of Viewpoint Change Strategies on Multi-View Video and Audio Transmission QoE Over ICN/CCN

The Effect of Viewpoint Change Strategies on Multi-View Vide...

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IEEE Region 10 International Conference TENCON

作者： Toshiro Nunome Yoshiyuki Takada Department of En-gineering Computer Science Program Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan Department of Engineering Computer Science Program Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technol-ogy Nagoya Japan

In this paper, we exploit caches on intermediate nodes for QoE enhancement of multi-view video and audio transmission over ICN/CCN by controlling the content request start timing of consumers. We assume the selected single viewpoint transmission method; a consumer receives video and audio streams of a requested viewpoint. We perform a simple experiment with two consumers. When the consumers play video and audio with the time difference, we assess the effect of cached content by the former consumer's request on the output quality of the latter consumer. We deal with two types of viewpoint change strategies for the former consumer, which affect the efficiency of cache utilization. From the assessment results, we see that cache utilization has an important factor in enhancing QoE.

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Sentiment Analysis: Indonesia Netflix User's Comment Using Multiple Lexicon-Based Dictionaries 4

Sentiment Analysis: Indonesia Netflix User's Comment Using M...

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4th International Conference on Intelligent Cybernetics Technology and Applications, ICICyTA 2024

作者： Mola, Sebastianus Adi Santoso Widiastuti, Tiwuk Roma, Rosa V. K. Isabela Ohe Karnyoto, Andrea Stevens Pardamean, Bens University of Nusa Cendana Faculty of Science and Engineering Kupang Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506490

A subscription movie streaming service from the United States, Netflix, has been present in Indonesia since 2016 and provides a wide variety of films without showing any single advertisements that can be viewed from anywhere, as long as there is access to the internet. Despite these advantages, many users have complained through the Google Play Store's comments column. Some of the common complaints include frequent buffering and connectivity issues, dissatisfaction with the limited selection of Indonesian movies, lack of subtitles for specific languages, or pricing concerns have also been raised. In this study developed two combined scenario methods using the InSet and SentiStrength-id dictionary to obtain better performance and compare them against independent InSet and SentiStrength-id. This study collected users' comments for the Netflix app in the Google Play Store as a dataset using web scraping techniques through the Google Collaboration tool. The dataset contains 3250 rows spanning the period from January 22, 2024, through June 6, 2024. To ensure proper processing of the text, data cleaning, lowercasing, normalization, tokenization, stemming, and stopwords removal are conducted. The results show that most user opinions are negative. The InSet dictionary has an accuracy of 92%, SentiStrength-id 78%, Combined scenario 1 is 87%, and scenario 2 reaches the highest among others which is 92.52%. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Video streaming

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Downstream Task Performance of Pre-Trained Model For Outdoor Audio Event Classification 9

Downstream Task Performance of Pre-Trained Model For Outdoor...

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9th International Conference on Signal Processing and Intelligent Systems, ICSPIS 2023

作者： Rochadiani, Theresia Herlina Heryadi, Yaya Sonata, Ilvico Lukas Suparta, Wawan Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program- Computer Science Jakarta Indonesia Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya Cognitive Engineering Research Group Jakarta Indonesia Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta Department of Electrical Engineering Yogyakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369922

Our surroundings' auditory landscapes are a wealth of knowledge, providing insights into a range of outdoor pursuits. The automatic classification of these actions using audio event detection and classification (AEDC) systems has a great deal of potential applications in environmental monitoring, security, surveillance, and driverless cars. Even though AEDC has advanced significantly in indoor settings, difficulties still exist outside because of the variable and changing acoustic conditions brought on by elements like the weather, different sound sources, and ambient noise from traffic and industry. This study suggests an outdoor audio event categorization model based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The suggested model shows passable accuracy by utilizing adaptation to the downstream task using the ESC-50 dataset and transfer learning from a pre-trained model. The effectiveness of multi-class audio classification models in downstream tasks is analyzed in this paper, with an emphasis on the effect of an increasing number of output classes on accuracy. Three models - three, four, and five classes - with different output class configurations are used in the study, and their training and validation accuracies are assessed. Although the accuracy scores above 80% are commendable, the data show a discernible reduction in performance as the number of classes rises. Notably, the three-class model attains a validation accuracy exceeding 90%, whereas the four-class and five-class models exhibit reduced accuracies, falling below 90% and 85%, respectively. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Mammographic Breast Positioning Assessment via Deep Learning 1st

Mammographic Breast Positioning Assessment via Deep Learnin...

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1st Deep Breast Workshop on AI and Imaging for Diagnostic and Treatment Challenges in Breast Care, Deep-Breath 2024

作者： Tanyel, Toygar Denizoglu, Nurper Seker, Mustafa Ege Alis, Deniz Cerekci, Esma Karaarslan, Ercan Aribal, Erkin Oksuz, Ilkay Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey Department of Radiology Acibadem Healthcare Group Istanbul Turkey Department of Radiology University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI United States Department of Radiology School of Medicine Acibadem University Istanbul Turkey Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital Istanbul Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9783031777882

Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide, with mammography screening as the most effective method for the early detection. Ensuring proper positioning in mammography is critical, as poor positioning can lead to diagnostic errors, increased patient stress, and higher costs due to recalls. Despite advancements in deep learning (DL) for breast cancer diagnostics, limited focus has been given to evaluating mammography positioning. This paper introduces a novel DL methodology to quantitatively assess mammogram positioning quality, specifically in mediolateral oblique (MLO) views using attention and coordinate convolution modules. Our method identifies key anatomical landmarks, such as the nipple and pectoralis muscle, and automatically draws a posterior nipple line (PNL), offering robust and inherently explainable alternative to well-known classification and regression-based approaches. We compare the performance of proposed methodology with various regression and classification-based models. The CoordAtt UNet model achieved the highest accuracy of 88.63% ± 2.84 and specificity of 90.25% ± 4.04, along with a noteworthy sensitivity of 86.04% ± 3.41. In landmark detection, the same model also recorded the lowest mean errors in key anatomical points and the smallest angular error of 2.42∘. Our results indicate that models incorporating attention mechanisms and CoordConv module increase the accuracy in classifying breast positioning quality and detecting anatomical landmarks. Furthermore, we make the labels and source codes available to the community to initiate an open research area for mammography, accessible at https://***/tanyelai/deep-breast-positioning. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Diseases

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Design Of A ‘ Drive Wave ‘ System based on Communications System Remote Real-time Running Text and Speech to Text Converter using Light Emitting Diode (LED) Display

Design Of A ‘ Drive Wave ‘ System based on Communications ...

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computer Sciences, engineering, and Technology Innovation (ICoCSETI), International Conference on

作者： Juan Felix Christopher Sandy Setiawan Elioenai Sitepu Winda Astuti Automotive and Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department BINUS ASO School of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Industrial Engineering Department BINUS Graduate Program Master of Industrial Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798331508616

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508623

Drive Wave is a device that can help drivers communicate with other road users by displaying familiar words and icons as well as a speech to text feature that can make it easier for drivers to communicate with other road users. in this work, a system design prototype consisting of two devices, namely Remote and LED message board. The most spoken words used and icons displayed on the LED message board are controlled wireless using a Remote using the ESP-NOW protocol and Bluetooth Low Energy (Bluetooth LE). The two ways of he LED message board controlled by the remote are manual and automatic speech to text converter system controlled the LED message board displayed. the manual way, the user pressed the button to choice the word to be displayed. in the automatic voiced control, the LED displayed the word uttered by the user. the automatic voiced controlled applied Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) as feature extraction techniques and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) method for word identification methods. The results showed that the automatic voice controlled 99.78% and 100% for training and validating accuracy, respectively. the real testing result showed that 24 times testing which have 100% accuracy.

关键词： Meters Pediatrics Roads Drives Light emitting diodes Mel frequency cepstral coefficient Long short term memory Speech to text Vehicles Testing

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Convergent effects of peptides on the initiation of feeding motor programs in the mollusk Aplysia

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Journal of Neurophysiology 2025年第5期133卷 1368-1379页

作者： Evans, Colin G. Barry, Michael A. Reaver, Carrie N. Patel, Paras R. Chestek, Cynthia A. Perkins, Matthew H. Jing, Jian Cropper, Elizabeth C. Department of Neuroscience Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Biointerfaces Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Neurosciences Program Robotics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Institute for Brain Sciences Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology Advanced Institute for Life Sciences School of Life Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China

Neuropeptides configure the feeding network of Aplysia. For example, egestive activity is promoted by small cardioactive peptide (SCP), and ingestive activity is promoted by a combination of feeding circuit activating peptide (FCAP) and cerebral peptide 2 (CP-2). In addition, SCP and FCAP/CP-2 have a common network effect that does not contribute to motor program specification. They increase the excitability of an interneuron, B63. In this report, we further characterized the effects of peptides on B63. We performed voltage-clamp experiments and used a step protocol to look at steady-state currents. We found that SCP and FCAP/CP-2 both induced an inward current that was virtually absent in low-sodium saline. Previous work has established that B63 is unusual in the feeding circuit in that subthreshold depolarizations are autonomously generated that can trigger motor programs. Here, we show that this autonomous activity is more frequent in the presence of peptides. Previous studies have also shown that activity of the feeding central pattern generator (CPG) can be initiated by neurons that excite B63, e.g., by cerebral buccal interneuron 2 (CBI-2), a projection neuron that triggers biting-like motor programs. Here, we show that the latency of CBI-2-induced activity is decreased by stimulation of the esophageal nerve (EN) (which releases endogenous SCP). These results, taken together with previous results, indicate that peptides that act divergently to configure network activity additionally act convergently to promote motor program induction. We present data that suggest that this arrangement facilitates brief switches between ingestive and egestive motor activity. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： central pattern generator invertebrate modulation motor program neuropeptide

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