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1st International Workshop on Nakba Narratives as Language Resources, Nakba-NLP 2025

作者： Hamed, Osama Zaidkilani, Nadeem Department of Computer Systems Engineering Palestine Technical University-Kadoorie Palestine Department of Computer Engineering and Security Mathematics University Rovira i Virgili Spain Department of Engineering and Technology Al-Zaytona University of Science and Technology Palestine

ISBN: (纸本)9798891762169

Measuring semantic similarity and analyzing authorial style are fundamental tasks in Natural Language Processing (NLP), with applications in text classification, cultural analysis, and literary studies. This paper investigates the semantic similarity and stylistic features of Nakba short stories, a key component of Palestinian literature, using transformer-based models, AraBERT, BERT, and RoBERTa. The models effectively capture nuanced linguistic structures, cultural contexts, and stylistic variations in Arabic narratives, outperforming the traditional TF-IDF baseline. By comparing stories of similar length, we minimize biases and ensure a fair evaluation of both semantic and stylistic relationships. Experimental results indicate that RoBERTa achieves slightly higher performance, highlighting its ability to distinguish subtle stylistic patterns. This study demonstrates the potential of AI-driven tools to provide more in-depth insights into Arabic literature, and contributes to the systematic analysis of both semantic and stylistic elements in Nakba narratives. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Arabic Topic Classification Corpus of the Nakba Short Stories 1

Arabic Topic Classification Corpus of the Nakba Short Storie...

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1st International Workshop on Nakba Narratives as Language Resources, Nakba-NLP 2025

ISBN: (纸本)9798891762169

In this paper, we enrich Arabic Natural Language Processing (NLP) resources by introducing the "Nakba Topic Classification Corpus (NTCC)," a novel annotated Arabic corpus derived from narratives about the Nakba. The NTCC comprises approximately 470 sentences extracted from eight short stories and captures the thematic depth of the Nakba narratives, providing insights into both historical and personal dimensions. The corpus was annotated in a two-step process. One third of the dataset was manually annotated, achieving an IAA of 87% (later resolved to 100%), while the rest was annotated using a rule-based system based on thematic patterns. This approach ensures consistency and reproducibility, enhancing the corpus’s reliability for NLP research. The NTCC contributes to the preservation of the Palestinian cultural heritage while addressing key challenges in Arabic NLP, such as data scarcity and linguistic complexity. By like topic modeling and classification tasks, the NTCC offers a valuable resource for advancing Arabic NLP research and fostering a deeper understanding of the Nakba narratives. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Secure Lattice-Based Signature Scheme for Internet of Things Applications

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 75985-75999页

作者： Prajapat, Sunil Gautam, Deepika Kumar, Pankaj Jangirala, Srinivas Das, Ashok Kumar Sikdar, Biplab Srinivasa Ramanujan Department of Mathematics Central University of Himachal Pradesh Dharamshala 176206 India Jindal Global Business School O. P. Jindal Global University Haryana 131001 India Center for Security Theory and Algorithmic Research International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad 500 032 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Informatics Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117583 Singapore

The enormous benefits of Internet of Things (IoT) technology have driven its deployment in various applications. Additionally, the development of quantum computers has directed attention towards lattice-based cryptography. Consequently, the computational capabilities of quantum computers pose a threat to the security of the existing IoT signature mechanisms. Quantum computers are proficient at unraveling the complexity bound of computationally hard problems like the integer factorization problem (IFP) and the discrete logarithm problem (DLP). As a result, security is an essential requirement for the IoT communication network against quantum attacks. The amalgamation of certificateless public key cryptosystems (CL-PKC) and lattice-based cryptography (LBC) is one of the solution for alleviating these security menaces. Lucidly, CL-PKC prevents key escrow issues and key management problems;LBC prevents quantum attacks. The Shortest Integer Solution (SIS) problem, which the NTRU lattices offer, serves as the basis for this paper’s introduction of a certificateless signature mechanism for IoT environments. By adopting the Random Oracle Model, we demonstrated the security of the suggested mechanism against Type 1 and Type 2 attackers. Furthermore, security analysis and performance evaluation demonstrate robust communication, as evidenced by metrics such as the computational cost of CL-Sign and CL-Verify phases at 536µs, 376.81µs and communication cost of KGC at 418 bits, CL-Sign at 532 bits and CL-Verify at 446 bits. Also, we calculate the cost of single-message signature generation and verification on an IoT device. These results show that the suggested mechanism’s security and computational efficiency are more reliable, and efficient than other relevant competing frameworks. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Certificateless public key cryptosystem Internet of Things (IoT) lattice-based cryptography security Signature

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Two-stage effective attentional generative adversarial network

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Applied Intelligence 2025年第8期55卷 1-11页

作者： Jin, Mingyu Yu, Qinkai Zhang, Chong Xue, Haochen Zhao, Shuliang College of Computer and Cyber Security Hebei Normal University No. 20 Nan’erhuan East Road Hebei Shijiazhuang050024 China Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University Clark Street EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Mathematics Science University of Liverpool Brownlow Hill Merseyside LiverpoolL35UE United Kingdom School of Advanced Technology Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Ren’ai Road Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China

Although GAN models have succeeded in relevant tests, text-to-image modelling using GANs to synthesize high-quality images is still challenging. Existing multi-stage models face several problems: first, the scale is too large, and the model has a large number of redundant structures. Second, the model often generates duplicate images without progress and cannot update the parameters efficiently. In this paper, we propose a two-stage model to solve the above problem. 1)We remove the redundancy structure and use an improved network structure that reduces the scale of the model size. 2)Our method employs a model trained in two stages instead of simultaneously, which shortens the training time and ensures that the model does not have vanishing gradients or mode collapse. In addition, we added an attention mechanism to the model to help optimize details. Experimental results show that our model saw excellent results in terms of generation quality and reduced model size on CUB(IS 4.83, FID 15.13) and COCO dataset(FID 33.74). © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Attention mechanism GAN Multi-stage mode Text-to-image

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Privacy-Preserving Interactive Semantic Codec Training for IoT-Based Holographic Counterparts

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Xu, Jinpeng Chen, Liang Lin, Limei Wang, Xiaoding Huang, Yanze Xu, Li Piran, Md. Jalil Fujian Normal University College of Computer and Cyber Security Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Security and Cryptology Fujian Fuzhou350117 China Fujian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Mathematics Fujian Fuzhou350118 China Sejong University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul05006 Korea Republic of

The use of IoT-based semantic codecs to process complex contextual semantic information in holographic counterparts introduces significant privacy risks, as it may expose sensitive data, thereby increasing the likelihood of privacy disclosures. The diverse and dynamic nature of holographic counterparts in IoT environments exacerbates these challenges, making it more difficult for semantic codecs to effectively safeguard data privacy. This complexity further intensifies the need for privacy-preserving computation methods, as ensuring the confidentiality and security of the data processed by these codecs becomes a critical concern. However, current privacy protection strategy for multi-party training of semantic codecs relies heavily on the central server for gradient calculation, which may lead to gradient leakage issue. To address this issue, we propose PIMSeC (Privacy-Preserving Interactive Multi-Party Semantic Codec Training for IoT-Based Holographic Counterparts), a novel encryption-based technique that facilitates secure and efficient multi-party interactive training without the dependence on the central server, which enhances both data security and privacy resilience. PIMSeC not only proposes a full interactive secure multi-party deep learning model to protect data privacy during multi-party interactive training, but also, within the above deep learning model, establishes an encrypted additive gradient noise mechanism to ensure post-training semantic codec data privacy. Our theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that PIMSeC promotes semantic codecs privacy protection effectively by interactive secure multi-party training. Compared to the state-of-art methods, PIMSeC achieves a 3% to 15% improvement in terms of accuracy, precision, F1-score, and recall at lower compression rates. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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The effect of heat acclimation on critical environmental limits and rate of rectal temperature change

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Journal of Applied Physiology 2025年第5期138卷 1150-1160页

作者： Bogaard, Timo van den Klous, Lisa Cottle, Rachel M. Erp, Jan Van Daanen, Hein A. M. Department of Human Movement Sciences Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences Amsterdam Movement Sciences Vrije Universiteit van Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) Department of Human Performance Unit Defence Safety and Security Soesterberg Netherlands Department of Kinesiology Pennsylvania State University Pennsylvania United States Department Human Media Interaction Faculty Electrical Engineering University of Twente Mathematics and Computer Science Enschede Netherlands

Quantifying the effect of heat acclimation (HA) on critical wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGTcrit) and rate of rectal temperature change (vTre) is relevant for developing guidelines with regards to occupational safety while working in warm environments. This study quantified the effect of HA and the period following cessation of the HA protocol on WBGTcrit and vTre. Twenty-eight non-acclimatized participants were divided into a HA (n = 15) and control (CON;n = 13) group. The HA group underwent a warm-humid (35_C, 65% relative humidity) controlled hyperthermia HA protocol (5-9 days of achieving Tre _38.5_C for 60 min) and four progressive heat stress tests (HSTs) to identify WBGTcrit and examine vTre: pre-, after 5 and 9 days of HA, and 4 to 8 days of no heat exposure following HA. CON performed two HSTs on average 13 days apart without heat exposure in between. HA increased WBGTcrit after nine (28.5 ±2.7_C vs. 30.5 ± 2.0_C;P = 0.016) but not 5 days (28.5 ± 2.4;P > 0.05). No effect of HA on vTre was observed (P > 0.05). Four-to-eight days post-HA, WBGTcrit and vTre did not differ compared with 9 days of HA (P > 0.05). However, a reduction in vTre (_0.4 ± 0.3 _C/h) was observed when comparing 4 to 8 days post-HA to pre-HA. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that more than 5 days of HA are required to increase WBGTcrit and indicate that 9 days of HA proceeded by adequate recovery reduced vTre during exercise in the heat. Copyright © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： compensable heat stress critical environmental limits heat acclimation rate of rectal temperature increase wet-bulb globe temperature

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A Survey on Decentralized Identifiers and Verifiable Credentials

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IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials 2025年

作者： Mazzocca, Carlo Acar, Abbas Uluagac, Selcuk Montanari, Rebecca Bellavista, Paolo Conti, Mauro University of Salerno Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics Fisciano84084 Italy Florida International University Cyber-Physical Systems Security Lab School of Computing and Information Science MiamiFL33174 United States University of Bologna Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bologna40136 Italy University of Padua Department of Mathematics Padua35131 Italy

Digital identity has always been one of the keystones for implementing secure and trustworthy communications among parties. The ever-evolving digital landscape has undergone numerous technological transformations that have profoundly reshaped digital identity management, leading to a major shift from centralized to decentralized identity models. The latest stage of this evolution is represented by the emerging paradigm of Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI), which gives identity owners full control over their data. SSI leverages Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) and Verifiable Credentials (VCs), which have been recently standardized by theWorldWideWeb Consortium (W3C). These technologies have the potential to build more secure and decentralized digital identity systems, significantly strengthening communication security in scenarios involving many distributed participants. It is worth noting that use of DIDs and VCs is not limited to individuals but extends to a wide range of entities including cloud, edge, and Internet of Things (IoT) resources. However, due to their novelty, existing literature lacks a comprehensive survey on DIDs and VCs beyond the scope of SSI. This paper fills this gap by providing a comprehensive overview of DIDs and VCs from multiple perspectives. It identifies key security threats and mitigation strategies, analyzes available implementations to guide practitioners in making informed decisions, and reviews the adoption of these technologies across various application domains. Moreover, it also examines related regulations, projects, and consortiums emerging worldwide. Finally, it discusses the primary challenges hindering their real-world adoption and outlines future research directions. © 1998-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Decentralized control

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Forward Legal Anonymous Group Pairing-Onion Routing for Mobile Opportunistic Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年

作者： Zhu, Xiuzhen Lin, Limei Huang, Yanze Wang, Xiaoding Hsieh, Sun-Yuan Wu, Jie Fujian Normal University College of Computer and Cyber Security Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Security and Cryptology Fujian Fuzhou350117 China Fujian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Mathematics Fujian Fuzhou350118 China National Cheng Kung University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tainan701 Taiwan Temple University Department of Computer and Information Science 1925 N. 12th St PhiladelphiaPA19122 United States

Mobile Opportunistic Networks (MONs) often experience frequent interruptions in end-to-end connections, which increases the likelihood of message loss during delivery and makes users more susceptible to various cyber attacks. However, most currently proposed anonymous routing protocols are primarily designed for networks with stable connections, making it challenging to protect user identities in MONs. To address these challenges, we propose FLAG-POR (Forward Legal Anonymous Group Pairing-Onion Routing), a novel anonymous routing protocol specifically tailored to enhance message delivery anonymity and security in MONs. Specifically, we abstract the mobile opportunistic network as a contact graph. By introducing the concept of "groups» into the pairing-onion routing protocol, which encrypts messages and relay nodes layer by layer, we develop a novel group-based pairing-onion routing protocol. This protocol ensures message confidentiality and relay node anonymity, while also improving message forwarding rates, as any node within a group can potentially act as a relay. To ensure message authenticity, we employ the efficient SM2 signing algorithm to generate signatures for the message source. Furthermore, by incorporating parameters such as the public key validity period and master key validity period into the group pairing-onion routing protocol, we achieve forward security in message delivery. We conduct a thorough theoretical analysis of the protocol's security and performance. The experimental results demonstrate that our FLAG-POR protocol outperforms baseline anonymous protocols in terms of delivery success rate, traceability rate, path anonymity, and node anonymity. Additionally, the FLAG-POR scheme effectively resists three potential threats to the routing system: collusion attack threat, node identification threat, and path identification threat, in any situation. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Anonymity

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Socio-Technical security Modelling and Simulations in Cyber-Physical Systems: Outlook on Knowledge, Perceptions, Practices, Enablers, and Barriers

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IET Cyber-Physical Systems: Theory and Applications 2025年第1期10卷

作者： Ani, Uchenna Daniel Al-Mhiqani, Mohammed Tuptuk, Nilufer Hailes, Stephen McKendrick Watson, Jeremy Daniel School of Computer Science and Mathematics Keele University Keele United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Huddersfield Huddersfield United Kingdom Department of Security and Crime Science University College London London United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom Department of Science Technology Engineering and Public Policy University College London London United Kingdom

Socio-Technical security Modelling and Simulation (STSec-M&S) is a technique used for reasoning and representing security viewpoints that include both the social and technical aspects of a system. It has shown great potential for improving the cybersecurity and resilience of Critical Infrastructure (CI). This study involved a multi-methods approach, consisting of a scoping literature review and a focus group workshop, conducted with stakeholder engagement from critical infrastructure stakeholders to explore their perceptions and practices regarding the use of socio-technical security modelling and simulation. The findings suggest that the current state of knowledge regarding the use and effectiveness of STSec-M&Ss approaches is limited in CI domains. Consequently, there is little application of it in existing CI systems, regardless of its recognised benefits of enabling a better understanding of CI functionalities, security goals, early and more holistic risk identifications and selection of appropriate countermeasures. The benefits of the STSec-M&S approach can be better realised by effective cross-sector communications and collaborations, team partnerships, system and approach sophistication, and better security awareness amongst others. The potential barriers that can impede such benefits include high expense for implementing the technique, low data availability and quality, regulatory compliance, and competency gaps etc. Helpful recommendations include exploring and using realistic data, validating system security models, and exploring new ways of reskilling and upskilling CI stakeholders in socio-technical security-thinking and M&S approaches to enhance cybersecurity and resilience of CIs. © 2025 The Author(s). IET Cyber-Physical Systems: Theory & Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of engineering and Technology.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Generative AI-Enabled Quantum Encryption Algorithm for Securing IoT-Based Healthcare Application Using Blockchain

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Prajapat, Sunil Kumar, Pankaj Das, Ashok Kumar Muhammad, Ghulam Central University of Himachal Pradesh Srinivasa Ramanujan Department of Mathematics Dharamshala176215 India International Institute of Information Technology Center for Security Theory and Algorithmic Research Hyderabad500 032 India Korea University College of Informatics Department of Computer Science and Engineering Anam-ro Seoul145 Korea Republic of King Saud University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Engineering Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed numerous domains through the AI of Things (AIoT). Nonetheless, AIoT encounters issues related to energy usage and carbon emissions as mobile technology continues to progress. Generative AI (GAI) possesses significant potential to mitigate carbon emissions associated with AIoT, owing to its higher reasoning and generative powers. Conventional security protocols frequently encounter issues with computational efficiency, latency, and overall security comprehensiveness. Blockchain technology, characterized by its decentralized and immutable properties, is a viable approach for improving electronic healthcare data transmission and node authentication in IoT networks. This research examines secure data transmission and node encryption in IoT systems, with a particular emphasis on data management. Conventional approaches encounter constraints in computational efficiency, latency, and comprehensive security. This study presents a novel protocol that combines GAI and blockchain technology with quantum encryption to enhance authentication and ensure secure data transmission. The algorithm comprises multiple consecutive processes, including the encoding and transmission of node requests, followed by the authentication process utilizing hash functions and digital signatures. The authentication approach utilizes a challenge-response technique, guaranteeing that only nodes with authentic credentials can advance. Thereafter, a dynamic key exchange protocol and quantum encryption method provide secure data delivery. The results indicate the procedure’s effectiveness in ensuring secure and regulated access to patient data, underscoring its significance in medical facilities. The system’s functionalities are augmented by a thorough evaluation employing machine learning. The findings indicate that the system exhibits an accuracy of 99.4%, precision of 99.10%, recall of 98.66%, F1-score of

关键词： Quantum computers

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