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4th International Conference on Advancements in Computational Sciences, ICACS 2023

作者： Khalid, Sadia Rasheed, Uzair Muneer, Mishal Butt, Wasi Haider Mehmood, Rabia Qamar, Usman College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering NUST Department of Computer and Software Engineering Islamabad Pakistan University of Lahore Department of Computer Science and IT Lahore Pakistan Lahore College for Women University Department of Computer Science Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665463775

Requirement engineering is a major phase of software development process. A project's success mainly depends on an efficient and effective requirement engineering process. Practices have been defined to ensure successful requirement engineering of software projects. Yet the professionals face numerous issues during this phase. This paper explores the software requirement engineering practices from in the software industry of Pakistan. It highlights the common problems faced by the software professionals, as well as commonly deployed solutions and practices. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Requirements engineering

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Improved Belief Propagation Decoder for LDPC-CRC-Polar Codes with Bit-Freezing

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China Communications 2024年第7期21卷 135-148页

作者： Qasim Jan Yin Chao Pan Zhiwen Muhammad Furqan Zakir Ali You Xiaohu National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211100China Department of Computer Science National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Peshawar Campus 25100Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Capital University of Science and Technology(CUST)Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Computer Sciences Bahria University Lahore CampusPakistan

Though belief propagation bit-flip(BPBF)decoding improves the error correction performance of polar codes,it uses the exhaustive flips method to achieve the error correction performance of CA-SCL decoding,thus resulting in high decoding complexity and *** alleviate this issue,we incorporate the LDPC-CRC-Polar coding scheme with BPBF and propose an improved belief propagation decoder for LDPC-CRC-Polar codes with bit-freezing(LDPCCRC-Polar codes BPBFz).The proposed LDPCCRC-Polar codes BPBFz employs the LDPC code to ensure the reliability of the flipping set,i.e.,critical set(CS),and dynamically update *** modified CS is further utilized for the identification of error-prone *** proposed LDPC-CRC-Polar codes BPBFz obtains remarkable error correction performance and is comparable to that of the CA-SCL(L=16)decoder under medium-to-high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)*** gains up to 1.2dB and 0.9dB at a fixed BLER=10-4compared with BP and BPBF(CS-1),*** addition,the proposed LDPC-CRC-Polar codes BPBFz has lower decoding latency compared with CA-SCL and BPBF,i.e.,it is 15 times faster than CA-SCL(L=16)at high SNR regions.

关键词： belief propagation bit-flipping concatenated codes LDPC-CRC-Polar codes polar codes

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SSA: a novel method for Single-cell and Spatial transcriptomics Alignment 16th

SSA: a novel method for Single-cell and Spatial transcriptom...

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16th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, BICOB 2024

作者： Tran, Bang Tran, Dao Nguyen, Tin Department of Engineering & Computer Science California State University 6000 J St SacramentoCA95819 United States Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering 345 W Magnolia Ave AuburnAL36849 United States

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides expression profiles of individual cells but fails to preserve crucial spatial information. On the other hand, Spatial Transcriptomics technologies are able to analyze specific regions within tissue sections, but lack of the capability to examine in single-cell resolution. To overcome these issues, we present Single-cell and Spatial transcriptomics Alignment (SSA), a novel technique that employs an optimal transport algorithm to assign individual cells from a scRNA-seq atlas to their spatial locations in actual tissue based on their expression profiles. SSA has demonstrated superior performance compared to existing methods SpaOTsc, Tangram, Seurat and DistMap using 10 semi-simulated datasets generated from a high-resolution spatial transcriptomics human breast cancer dataset with 100,064 cells. This advancement provides a refined tool for researchers to delve deeper in understanding of the relationship between cellular spatial organization and gene expression. © 2024, EasyChair. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tissue

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Optimal Bounds for Distinct Quartics 51

Optimal Bounds for Distinct Quartics

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51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, ICALP 2024

作者： Charalampopoulos, Panagiotis Gawrychowski, Pawel Ghazawi, Samah School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences Birkbeck University of London United Kingdom Institute of Computer Science University of Wroclaw Poland Department of Computer Science University of Haifa Israel Department of Software Engineering Braude College of Engineering Karmiel Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9783959773225

A fundamental concept related to strings is that of repetitions. It has been extensively studied in many versions, from both purely combinatorial and algorithmic angles. One of the most basic questions is how many distinct squares, i.e., distinct strings of the form UU, a string of length n can contain as fragments. It turns out that this is always O(n), and the bound cannot be improved to sublinear in n [Fraenkel and Simpson, JCTA 1998]. Several similar questions about repetitions in strings have been considered, and by now we seem to have a good understanding of their repetitive structure. For higher-dimensional strings, the basic concept of periodicity has been successfully extended and applied to design efficient algorithms – it is inherently more complex than for regular strings. Extending the notion of repetitions and understanding the repetitive structure of higher-dimensional strings is however far from complete. Quartics were introduced by Apostolico and Brimkov [TCS 2000] as analogues of squares in two dimensions. Charalampopoulos, Radoszewski, Rytter, Waleń, and Zuba [ESA 2020] proved that the number of distinct quartics in an n × n 2D string is O(n2 log2 n) and that they can be computed in O(n2 log2 n) time. Gawrychowski, Ghazawi, and Landau [SPIRE 2021] constructed an infinite family of n × n 2D strings with Ω(n2 log n) distinct quartics. This brings the challenge of determining asymptotically tight bounds. Here, we settle both the combinatorial and the algorithmic aspects of this question: the number of distinct quartics in an n × n 2D string is O(n2 log n) and they can be computed in the worst-case optimal O(n2 log n) time. As expected, our solution heavily exploits the periodic structure implied by occurrences of quartics. However, the two-dimensional nature of the problem introduces some technical challenges. Somewhat surprisingly, we overcome the final challenge for the combinatorial bound using a result of Marcus and Tardos [JCTA 2004] for permuta

关键词： Optimization

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Automatic Detection and classification of Scoliosis from Spine X-rays using Transfer Learning 2

Automatic Detection and classification of Scoliosis from Spi...

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2nd International Conference on Digital Futures and Transformative Technologies, ICoDT2 2022

作者： Amin, Arslan Abbas, Moneeb Salam, Anum Abdul College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Department of Computer and Software Engineering Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665498197

Scoliosis is a typical spinal disease that causes the spine to curve. Early treatment during the formation of the spine can greatly reduce the chances of health issues. Diagnosis of scoliosis relies on X-ray imaging, using X-ray images to diagnose lumbar, cervical, and thoracic spinal structures have traditionally proven difficult and time-consuming. Many clinical applications of spinal imaging require the accurate and robust identification of vertebrae from medical images. This paper presents an automated approach using deep learning to detect the spine's curvature using its spinal column. Models of deep learning could be used to assist with the increasing volume of medical imaging data as well as provide initial interpretation of images gathered in primary care. Deep learning algorithms are a quicker and more efficient alternative to manual X-ray investigation for scoliosis detection. X-ray images of spine curvature are used to detect and classify scoliosis using a pre-trained EfficientNet model. In the first stage, the model was evaluated without augmentation, in which we achieved an accuracy of 78 %. In the second step, we augment the training data by using machine learning techniques, and after that, we achieved an accuracy of 86 %. Our findings show that the proposed automatic scoliosis identification method can accurately detect and classify spine curvature in X-ray images. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Diagnosis

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CPDZ: A Credibility-Aware and Privacy-Preserving Data Collection Scheme with Zero-Trust in Next-Generation Crowdsensing Networks

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IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2025年第6期43卷 2183-2199页

作者： Tang, Jianheng Fan, Kejia Yang, Shihao Liu, Anfeng Xiong, Neal N. Song, Houbing Herbert Leung, Victor C. M. Central South University School of Computer Science and Engineering Changsha410083 China Peking University School of Computer Science Beijing100871 China Sul Ross State University Department of Computer Mathematical and Physical Sciences AlpineTX79830 United States Department of Information Systems BaltimoreMD21250 United States Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Shenzhen518172 China Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen518060 China The University of British Columbia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada

Next-Generation Crowdsensing Networks (NGCNs) have become increasingly critical for smart cities, where data privacy and quality are pivotal concerns. Traditional trust mechanisms in crowdsensing mainly rely on static trust models, which are insufficient for dynamic security requirements. Zero-Trust security represents a promising opportunity, yet coming with notable challenges in NGCNs, including Unknown Workers Online Recruitment (UWOR), Information Elicitation Without Verification (IEWV), Privacy Preserving Data Evaluation (PPDE), and Dynamic Trust Abrupt Shift (DTAS). To address these challenges, we propose a Credibility-aware and Privacy-preserving Data collection scheme with Zero-trust (CPDZ) for secure and quality data collection in NGCNs. First, our CPDZ scheme encompasses a quality worker recruitment strategy with combinatorial multi-armed bandit models, utilizing Thompson Sampling for the secure and efficient resolution of the UWOR. Second, an active dispatching scheme for unmanned aerial vehicles is crafted to collect data as a gold standard to assist in overcoming the IEWV challenge. Third, as for the PPDE challenge, we propose a lightweight privacy-preserving scheme for dependable truth discovery and secure trust verification. Fourth, the DTAS challenge is managed by a dual verification scheme that integrates short-term and long-term trust assessments, ensuring stability and adaptability of the zero-trust security in our CPDZ scheme. Experiments confirm the superiority of our CPDZ scheme, showing a 12.5% increase in recruitment revenue and a 57.8% reduction in relative error compared to existing approaches. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Automatic Detection and classification of Correct placement of tubes on chest X-rays using deep learning with EfficientNet 2

Automatic Detection and classification of Correct placement ...

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2nd International Conference on Digital Futures and Transformative Technologies, ICoDT2 2022

作者： Abbas, Moneeb Abdul Salam, Anum Zeb, Jahan College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering Department of Computer and Software Engineering Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665498197

In recent years, the rapid growth of data in healthcare has prompted a lot of interest in artificial intelligence (AI). Powerful AI algorithms are essential for extracting information from medical data and assisting clinicians in establishing quick and accurate diagnoses of a variety of ailments. In the current COVID-19 outbreak, critically ill patients were intubated and various medical tubes, including an endotracheal tube (ETT), were implanted to protect the airways. The Nasogastric tube (NGT) is used for feeding, whereas the Central Venous Catheter (CVC) is utilized for a variety of medical operations. The adoption of medical protocols by doctors to ensure proper tube installation is a major issue. Manual examination of CXR pictures takes time and frequently leads to misinterpretation. This research aims to create an Automated Medical Tube Detection System that can detect misplaced tubes from chest x-rays (CXR) using deep learning. As a result, using chest x-rays to detect poorly positioned tubes can save lives. On CXR the proposed CNN-based EfficientNet architecture efficiently detects and classifies incorrectly positioned tubes. After detailed experimentation, we were able to achieve 0.95 average area under the ROC curve (AUC). © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Catheters

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Deep Learning-Based Energy Efficiency Maximization in Massive MIMO-NOMA Networks with Multiple RISs 6

Deep Learning-Based Energy Efficiency Maximization in Massiv...

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6th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Information and Communication, ICAIIC 2024

作者： Perdana, Ridho Hendra Yoga Nguyen, Toan-Van Pramitarini, Yushintia An, Beongku Hongik University Dept. of Software and Communications Engineering in Graduate School Korea Republic of San Diego State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering San DiegoCA United States Hongik University Dept. of Software and Communications Engineering Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350344349

In this paper, we study a deep learning (DL)-based energy efficiency maximization (EEM) problem in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks with multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). These RISs are deployed randomly at the edge of the near radius to assist the base station (BS) in communicating with near and far users. We formulate the problem of jointly optimizing the precoding matrix and phase shift of the RISs to maximize the overall energy efficiency subject to the quality-of-service of each user, phase shift of RISs, and power budget of the BS constraints. To address this challenging non-convex problem with mixed-integer constraints, the original problem is decoupled into phase shift and beamforming sub-problems, then addressed them separately. We introduce the bisection search algorithm to address the challenge of the phase shifts optimization problem. For the beamforming optimization, it is transformed into an equivalent non-convex problem but with a more tractable form. Then, we propose an iterative algorithm based on the inner approximation method for its solution. To support real-Time optimization, we design a deep learning framework to predict optimal solutions of phase shifts at RISs and precoding matrix under different parameter settings. Simulation results show that the proposed DL-based approach can predict the optimal solution with high accuracy in a short time compared to the conventional approach. Additionally, the effect of the maximum power budget at the base station, the number of RISs, and BS's antennas are evaluated thoroughly. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Leveraging Ensemble Learning for Dry Beans Classification

Leveraging Ensemble Learning for Dry Beans Classification

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2024 International Conference on engineering and Computing, ICECT 2024

作者： Jahanzaib, Muhammad Zaheer, Qasim Rehman, Attique Ur Javed, Sabeen Ali, Tahir Muhammad Mir, Azka University of Sialkot Department of Software Engineering Sialkot Pakistan GULF University for Sciences and Technology Department of Computer Science Mubarak Al-Abdullah Kuwait

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349719

For dietary and commercial purposes, dry beans are significant. Dry beans offer many advantages, such as energy and protein. It is crucial to the fight against malnutrition and ensuring food security. The most crucial element in the manufacturing of dry beans is the condition of the seed. As the quality of the seed is so important, seed verification is crucial for dry bean farmers and marketplaces. Choosing high-quality seeds is essential to achieving optimal yield. This research uses a variety of machine-learning techniques to classify different varieties of dry beans. For this research work, a dataset from the UCI machine learning repository is used. The outcomes of model evaluation have been compared, and various classifiers have been trained. In the process, the k-fold cross-validation technique is applied with k = 10 as a parameter. This research aims to differentiate between the seven different types of dry beans by using classification algorithms. An accuracy of 82.01%, 93.46%, 94.67%, and 94.64% has been achieved with the k-nearest neighbor, decision tree, naïve Bayes, and random forest classifiers respectively. Also, the voting ensemble classifier has an accuracy of 95.46%. After the experiments, it was observed that the voting ensemble classifier has the highest accuracy. Future research can examine the performance of new algorithms for better results. Additionally, the dataset can be increased to improve the model's accuracy. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Decision trees

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SE(3) Equivariant Neural Network for 3D Graphs

SE(3) Equivariant Neural Network for 3D Graphs

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2024

作者： Aykent, Sarp Xia, Tian Auburn University Computer Science and Software Engineering Department AuburnAL United States Microsoft CambridgeMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362480

Three-dimensional (3D) graph representations have gained significant importance in numerous scientific domains, such as molecular dynamics and astrophysics. In these applications, a precise and effective representation of 3D graphs is crucial. Although various neural network architectures have been proposed to encapsulate the intricate relationships inherent to these graphs, many remain sensitive to challenges such as reflection variances observed in molecular structures. In this paper, we present an SE(3) equivariant neural network architecture tailored for 3D graphs. Our approach uniquely integrates equivariance to both rotations and translations, ensuring robustness against these spatial variances. Distinctively, our model leverages an innovative message passing mechanism, endowing it with an intrinsic understanding of reflection variances. This mechanism not only facilitates superior 3D graph representation but also promotes computational efficiency. Unlike many existing methods, our architecture sidesteps the need for computationally demanding higher-order representations in intermediary layers while still achieving competitive or superior performance metrics. Empirical evaluations conducted on synthetic and real-world datasets underscore the superior performance of our approach in comparison to prevalent models in terms of both accuracy and efficiency. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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