A new and efficient procedure to evaluate the timing performance of VLSI circuits with circuit level accuracy is proposed. The efficiency is obtained by rapidly identifying the critical portions of the circuit at high...
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A new and efficient procedure to evaluate the timing performance of VLSI circuits with circuit level accuracy is proposed. The efficiency is obtained by rapidly identifying the critical portions of the circuit at high hierarchical levels with rough delay models. These portions are then successively studied at more detailed levels for maximal accuracy. This procedure, implemented and applied to several circuits, is shown to significantly reduce the analysis time.< >
New upper bounds on the error performance of coded systems for Rician channels are presented. The fading channels need not be fully interleaved to obtain meaningful performance results. These bounds hold for coherent,...
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New upper bounds on the error performance of coded systems for Rician channels are presented. The fading channels need not be fully interleaved to obtain meaningful performance results. These bounds hold for coherent, differentially coherent and noncoherent demodulation of binary signals. They provide a useful analytical approach to the evaluation of the error performance of convolutional or block coding and they may be generalized to M-ary signals and trellis modulation. The approach allows for complex bounds using the fine structure of the code, for simpler bounds similar to those on memoryless channels and finally for a random coding bound using the cutoff rate of the channel. The analysis thus permits a step by step evaluation of coded error performances for Rician-fading channels.
A six-port reflectometer with variable test port impedance over 2-6 GHz was designed, built, and tested. The potential use of this reflectometer is in large signal characterization of negative resistance devices and o...
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A six-port reflectometer with variable test port impedance over 2-6 GHz was designed, built, and tested. The potential use of this reflectometer is in large signal characterization of negative resistance devices and oscillators. Experimental source-pull/load-pull measurements on a commercial oscillator (Rieke Diagram) were performed using this reflectometer over the entire Smith chart.
This paper presents a millimeter-wave active load-pull measurement system for large-signal characterization of millimeter-wave transistors. The characterization system uses two six-port junctions for simultaneous impe...
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This paper presents a millimeter-wave active load-pull measurement system for large-signal characterization of millimeter-wave transistors. The characterization system uses two six-port junctions for simultaneous impedance and power flow measurements. Large-signal characterization of a GaAs FET operated in class A and class C at 28 GHz in terms of constant absorbed power contours, constant operating power gain contours and constant DC current contours in the load plane Z(L) is presented. Effects of the unilaterality assumption on the operating power gain and output power are investigated for both class A and class C amplifier designs.
A model employing totally ordered events of a distributed system based on a logical clock has been presented by L. Lamport (1978). The authors propose a new interpretation and extension of Lamport's notion of conc...
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Methods for analysis of land mobile radio trunked systems with dispatch traffic were investigated. A queuing model is proposed to take into account fleet delays, which occur when mobile operators must wait because the...
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Methods for analysis of land mobile radio trunked systems with dispatch traffic were investigated. A queuing model is proposed to take into account fleet delays, which occur when mobile operators must wait because their own dispatchers are busy with a call. A decomposition approach is applied to solve the model using well-known queuing results. Once the distribution of central delays due to channel sharing is known, fleet delays are computed by means of an M/G/1 model with finite population. For trunked systems supporting a large number of fleets, the analysis of central delays is performed using the G/H/sub 2//s queue. When the number of fleets is not much greater than the number of channels, channel sharing delays must be analyzed by means of a multiserver queue with finite population. Simulations are used to validate the decomposition approach. The results obtained show that besides depending on the communication load, the grade of service of trunked systems also depends on the size of fleets.< >
Bidirectional suboptimal breadth-first decoding of convolutional codes is an attractive technique for slowly-varying and quasistatic fading channels as it restricts the extent of decoding errors due to correct path lo...
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Bidirectional suboptimal breadth-first decoding of convolutional codes is an attractive technique for slowly-varying and quasistatic fading channels as it restricts the extent of decoding errors due to correct path loss to very heavy noise or interference regions. The paper compares the performance of such a decoding scheme to the Viterbi algorithm over wideband TDMA indoor radio links where equalization and space diversity are also used to combat dispersive fading and cochannel interference. It is shown that, with dual space diversity, Viterbi decoding and bidirectional decoding of convolutional codes are both attractive alternatives, in terms of outage rate, to increasing the space diversity order from two to three. On the basis of equal computational complexity, bidirectional decoding is also shown to be superior to Viterbi decoding. Furthermore, this advantage increases as the bit error rate performance criterion becomes more stringent which makes bidirectional decoding particularly attractive for data applications.< >
A model employing totally ordered events of a distributed system based on a logical clock has been presented by L. Lamport (1978). The authors propose a new interpretation and extension of Lamport's notion of conc...
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A model employing totally ordered events of a distributed system based on a logical clock has been presented by L. Lamport (1978). The authors propose a new interpretation and extension of Lamport's notion of concurrency by introducing the concept of relative concurrency to capture the nature of concurrency of distributed systems by means of a relative (or logical) clock. They then derive a totally ordered global events model based on the relative clock. Based on this model, they represent and interpret timing (ordering) information from observable scenarios, including collision scenarios of the system, expressed in an extended trace assertion language (ETAL) specification. Finally, a new approach is illustrated with a realistic example for test result analysis including timing information based on the global events model.< >
This paper presents a theoretical expression to evaluate the test quality of hierarchical defect-tolerant integrated circuits. This expression, which is developed for circuits with two levels of hierarchy, is based on...
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