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32nd International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and computer Networks, SoftCOM 2024

作者： Mihel, Anna Maria Pecnik, Spela Vrbancic, Grega Lerga, Jonatan Krvavica, Nino University of Rijeka Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Rijeka Croatia University of Maribor Intelligent Systems Laboratory Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Maribor Slovenia University of Rijeka Faculty of Civil Engineering Department of Hydrotechnics and Geotechnics Rijeka Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532901382

Establishing early warning systems and efficient management of water resources in tidal reaches is crucial for achieving adequate flood protection. In tidal reaches, the river stage interacts non-linearly with tides (downstream) and discharge (upstream), making the modeling of river processes extremely complex. Data-driven methods have proven helpful for predicting the river stage parameter. This contrasts with existing numerical approaches, which suffer from several limitations. The aim of this study was to predict the river stage of the upstream part of the tidal river, where the influence of salinity is present during the summer months. Using the CNN-LSTM model trained on historical records of the discharge (station of the variable to be predicted), the river stage of three downstream stations, and the point of interest, the prediction was carried out up to 24 hours in advance. By incorporating feature engineering, we achieved an improvement in model results for the longest horizon, confirmed by standard performance metrics, and considered it efficient and effective for risk mitigation. Introducing feature engineering into the data preprocessing resulted in a predictive performance improvement of 0.98% for the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) metric, 7.0% for the root mean squared error (RMSE) metric, and 7.25% for the mean absolute error (MAE) metric over the second and third-best scenarios using a spectrogram and time-series data. © 2024 University of Split, FESB.

关键词： Mean square error

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Snippet Policy Network V2: Knee-Guided Neuroevolution for Multi-Lead ECG Early Classification

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IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning systems 2024年第2期35卷 2167-2181页

作者： Huang, Yu Yen, Gary G. Tseng, Vincent S. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu300 Taiwan Oklahoma State University School of Electrical and Computer Engineering StillwaterOK74078 United States National Chung Hsing University Department of Management Information Systems Taichung402 Taiwan

Early time series classification predicts the class label of a given time series before it is completely observed. In time-critical applications, such as arrhythmia monitoring in ICU, early treatment contributes to the patient's fast recovery, and early warning could even save lives. Hence, in these cases, it is worthy of trading, to some extent, classification accuracy in favor of earlier decisions when the time series data are collected over time. In this article, we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning-based framework, snippet policy network V2 (SPN-V2), for long and varied-length multi-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) early classification. The proposed SNP-V2 contains two main components: snippet representation learning (SRL) and early classification timing learning (ECTL). The SRL is proposed to encode inner-snippet spatial correlations and inter-snippet temporal correlations into the hidden representations of the subsegment (snippet) of the input ECG. ECTL aims to learn a decision agent to classify the time series early and accurately. To optimize the proposed framework, we design a novel knee-guided neuroevolution algorithm (KGNA) to solve cardiovascular diseases' early classification problem, automatically optimizing the proposed SPN-V2 regarding the tradeoff between accuracy and earliness. In addition, we conduct a series of experiments on two real-world ECG datasets. The experimental results show the superiority of the proposed algorithm over the state-of-the-art competing methods. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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A Three-Dimensional Real-Time Gait-Based Age Detection System Using Machine Learning

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 165-182页

作者： Muhammad Azhar Sehat Ullah Khalil Ullah Habib Shah Abdallah Namoun Khaliq Ur Rahman Department of Computer Science&IT University of MalakandChakdara18800Pakistan Department of Software Engineering University of MalakandChakdara18800Pakistan College of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha62529Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahMadinah42351Saudi Arabia Department of Statistics Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200Pakistan

Human biometric analysis has gotten much attention due to itswidespread use in different research areas, such as security, surveillance,health, human identification, and classification. Human gait is one of the keyhuman traits that can identify and classify humans based on their age, gender,and ethnicity. Different approaches have been proposed for the estimation ofhuman age based on gait so far. However, challenges are there, for which anefficient, low-cost technique or algorithm is needed. In this paper, we proposea three-dimensional real-time gait-based age detection system using a machinelearning approach. The proposed system consists of training and testingphases. The proposed training phase consists of gait features extraction usingthe Microsoft Kinect (MS Kinect) controller, dataset generation based onjoints’ position, pre-processing of gait features, feature selection by calculatingthe Standard error and Standard deviation of the arithmetic mean and bestmodel selection using R2 and adjusted R2 techniques. T-test and ANOVAtechniques show that nine joints (right shoulder, right elbow, right hand, leftknee, right knee, right ankle, left ankle, left, and right foot) are statisticallysignificant at a 5% level of significance for age estimation. The proposedtesting phase correctly predicts the age of a walking person using the resultsobtained from the training phase. The proposed approach is evaluated on thedata that is experimentally recorded from the user in a real-time *** (50) volunteers of different ages participated in the experimental *** the limited features, the proposed method estimates the age with 98.0%accuracy on experimental images acquired in real-time via a classical generallinear regression model.

关键词： Age estimation gait biometrics classical linear regression model

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Test-Time Adaptation for Nighttime Color-Thermal Semantic Segmentation

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第10期5卷 4893-4904页

作者： Liu, Yexin Zhang, Weiming Zhao, Guoyang Zhu, Jinjing Vasilakos, Athanasios V. Wang, Lin Robotics and Autonomous Systems Thrust Guangzhou511458 China Grimstad4879 Norway Artificial Intelligence Thrust Guangzhou511458 China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong999077 Hong Kong

The ability to scene understanding in adverse visual conditions, e.g., nighttime, has sparked active research for color-thermal semantic segmentation. However, it is essentially hampered by two critical problems: 1) the day-night gap of color images is larger than that of thermal images;and 2) the classwise performance of color images at night is not consistently higher or lower than that of thermal images. We propose the first test-time adaptation (TTA) framework, dubbed Night-TTA, to address the problems for nighttime color-thermal semantic segmentation without access to the source (daytime) data during adaptation. Our method enjoys three key technical parts. First, as one modality (e.g., color) suffers from a larger domain gap than that of the other (e.g., thermal), imaging heterogeneity refinement (IHR) employs an interaction branch on the basis of color and thermal branches to prevent cross-modal discrepancy and performance degradation. Then, class aware refinement (CAR) is introduced to obtain reliable ensemble logits based on pixel-level distribution aggregation of the three branches. In addition, we also design a specific learning scheme for our TTA framework, which enables the ensemble logits and three student logits to collaboratively learn to improve the quality of predictions during the testing phase of our Night-TTA. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves state-of-the-art (SoTA) performance with a 13.07% boost in mean intersection over union (mIoU). © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Color

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FOOTBALLTrace: An AI-Based System for Football Player Tracking with Occlusion Detection and Trajectory Correction 11

FOOTBALLTrace: An AI-Based System for Football Player Tracki...

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11th International Conference on Sport sciences Research and Technology Support, icSPORTS 2023

作者： Mostafa, Abdelrahman H. Rushdi, Muhammad A. Basha, Tamer A. Sayed, Khaled Department of Systems and Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Giza Egypt Department of Computer Science New Giza University Giza Egypt Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Computer Science University of New Haven West HavenCT United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789897586736

Data analytics have had a significant impact on tactical and workload planning in football. Football data is divided into two categories: event data, which captures on-the-ball events like passes and shots, and tracking data, which captures off-the-ball movements. However, traditional methods of collecting tracking data are expensive and inconvenient. Recently, AI solutions have emerged as low-cost and user-friendly alternatives to track players' movements from video streams. This paper introduces FOOTBALLTrace, an end-to-end AI system for tracking multiple football players from a panoramic game view. The system also incorporates a novel algorithm that detects potential occlusion events and ensures trajectory continuity for occluded players. The workflow involves five stages: panoramic view creation, player detection, player ID association, occlusion detection, and trajectory correction. The system utilizes YOLOv7 for multiple object detection and employs a pre-trained deep affinity network to assign unique IDs to players throughout the game. Occlusion detection and trajectory correction are achieved by extracting geometric features from discontinuous player trajectories. The system's performance was evaluated on full-length video data of a football game, with occlusion events manually extracted for training and testing the occlusion detection and trajectory correction algorithm. The system achieved an 87.5% trajectory correction rate for occluded trajectories. © 2023 by SCITEPRESS – science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

关键词： Trajectories

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Gaussian Differential Privacy Integrated Machine Learning Model for Industrial Internet of Things

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SN computer science 2023年第5期4卷 454页

作者： Lazar, Arokia Jesu Prabhu Soundararaj, Sivaprakash Sonthi, Vijaya Krishna Palanisamy, Vishnu Raja Subramaniyan, Vanithamani Sengan, Sudhakar Department of Computer Science and Engineering AI & ML CMR Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad 501401 India Department of Software Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore 632014 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram 522502 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kongu Engineering College Tamil Nadu Perundurai 638060 India Master of Computer Applications M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering Tamil Nadu Karur 638060 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering PSN College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Tirunelveli 627152 India

Agriculture, energy, mining, healthcare, and transportation are a few of the top industries transformed by the industrial internet of things (IIoT). Industry 4.0 mainly relies on machine learning (ML) to use the vast interconnectedness and large amounts of IIoT data that IIoT primarily drives. ML approaches are trained on confidential data generated by the IIoT environment often exposes privacy to adversarial assaults. Blockchain-based ML is established in the proposed secured IIoT research work to safeguard and enhance privacy. This research proposes a Gaussian differential privacy-integrated machine learning model (GDPIMLM), created for a scalable and controlled IIoT system, fully connected (FC) layer, implemented blockchain benefits to create a privacy-preserving mechanism while considering other limitations and reasonable time. A probability test using two altered Gaussian distributions (GD) forms the basis for defining Gaussian differential privacy (GDP). Due to a central restriction theorem for differential privacy, GDP is the primary privacy term within the family of Federal differential privacy (f-DP) policies. Ethereum is used to implement experimental evaluations. Data collections show that the recommended method enhances digital data privacy with industry-leading security without reducing performance. The performance analysis of the proposed model of secured industrial internet of things (IIoT) is studied using the accuracy of comparison with existing methods and for diverse distributed entities (DE). The proposed secured IIoT attains a minimal time consumption (TC) of 790 Sec—the highest accuracy of 92%, outperforming the existing method. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Blockchain Industry Industry 4.0 Learning Privacy Security Smart objects

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Decentralized Online Examination Platforms Employing Smart Contracts for Security 12th

Decentralized Online Examination Platforms Employing Smart C...

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12th International Conference on Big Data Analytics, BDA 2024

作者： Sarode, Rashmi P. Watanobe, Yutaka Bhalla, Subhash Department of Computer Science and Engineering IIT Madras Chennai India Department of Information Systems University of Aizu Aizuwakamatsu Japan School of IT IIT Delhi Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031861925

There are multiple challenges posed by the traditional online examination system in terms of security, scalability, and transparency. This manuscript considers providing a new and secure management system by using Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT). The proposed system employs smart contracts to demonstrate its capabilities to manage examination data with a high degree of security and efficiency. The creation, deployment and execution the smart contracts are tested. This decentralized solution not only enhances the integrity and transparency of the examination process but also enhances access for any institution, which makes this solution rather robust and reliable. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Smart contract

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Decoupling General and Personalized Knowledge in Federated Learning via Additive and Low-rank Decomposition 24

Decoupling General and Personalized Knowledge in Federated L...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Wu, Xinghao Liu, Xuefeng Niu, Jianwei Wang, Haolin Tang, Shaojie Zhu, Guogang Su, Hao State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing China Department of Management Science and Systems University at Buffalo BuffaloNY United States School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

To address data heterogeneity, the key strategy of Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) is to decouple general knowledge (shared among clients) and client-specific knowledge, as the latter can have a negative impact on collaboration if not removed. Existing PFL methods primarily adopt a parameter partitioning approach, where the parameters of a model are designated as one of two types: parameters shared with other clients to extract general knowledge and parameters retained locally to learn client-specific knowledge. However, as these two types of parameters are put together like a jigsaw puzzle into a single model during the training process, each parameter may simultaneously absorb both general and client-specific knowledge, thus struggling to separate the two types of knowledge effectively. In this paper, we introduce FedDecomp, a simple but effective PFL paradigm that employs parameter additive decomposition to address this issue. Instead of assigning each parameter of a model as either a shared or personalized one, FedDecomp decomposes each parameter into the sum of two parameters: a shared one and a personalized one, thus achieving a more thorough decoupling of shared and personalized knowledge compared to the parameter partitioning method. In addition, as we find that retaining local knowledge of specific clients requires much lower model capacity compared with general knowledge across all clients, we let the matrix containing personalized parameters be low rank during the training process. Moreover, a new alternating training strategy is proposed to further improve the performance. Experimental results across multiple datasets and varying degrees of data heterogeneity demonstrate that FedDecomp outperforms state-of-the-art methods up to 4.9%. The code is available at https://***/XinghaoWu/FedDecomp © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Federated learning

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From Detection to Diagnosis: Elevating Track Fault Identification with Transfer Learning 6

From Detection to Diagnosis: Elevating Track Fault Identific...

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6th International Conference on Robotics and Automation in Industry, ICRAI 2024

作者： Jatoi, Sahil Abro, Bushra Mushtaq, Noorulain Shah Syed, Ali Akbar Narejo, Sanam Rathi, Mahaveer Maryam, Nida Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Systems Engineering Sindh Jamshoro Pakistan Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Sindh Jamshoro Pakistan Research Scientist Dublin City University Dublin Ireland Government College University Department of Computer Science Hyderabad Sindh Pakistan PIEAS University Department of Systems Engineering Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355703

This paper presents a new application of transfer learning (TL) in improving the accuracy of track fault detection. Due to the diverse and complex nature of track faults it is hard to classify. There are various types of track faults such as Cracks, Flakings, Grooves, Joints, Shellings, Spallings, Squats. Classification of track fault could not be easily achieved using any simple machine learning (ML) algorithm. In this regard, this study uses pretrained models that are tuned to fit the peculiar nature of track fault. After acquiring track fault data from a widely cited repository of Mendeley from a research work already represented in 'Data in Brief'. This application of TL achieves an unbeaten accuracy of 92%, which surpasses most previously generalized models with some explicit data augmentation strategies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Area and Energy Efficient Method Using AI for Noise Cancellation in Ear Phones

Area and Energy Efficient Method Using AI for Noise Cancella...

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2023 International Conference on Self Sustainable Artificial Intelligence systems, ICSSAS 2023

作者： Manikandan, R. Ramkumar, S. Prabhakaran, M. Department of Lean Operations and Systems Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science Karnataka Bengaluru India Alliance College of Engineering and Design Alliance University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karnataka Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300857

Adaptive filters are suitable for most of the Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications such as channel equalization, noise cancellation, echo cancellation, channel estimation and system identification. Nowadays due to the advancement in semiconductor technology, the need for Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) headphones in compact devices is increased. The major idea behind this proposed work is to design an area and energy efficient novel adaptive filter suitable for in-ear headphones by combining Normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS) and Block LMS (BLMS). The proposed filter is designed and simulated using Xilinx ISE 13.2. The simulation results shows that the proposed design mitigates the unwanted noises in various frequency bands. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptive filters

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