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CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science, QELS 2022

作者： Lao, Chenghao Jin, Xing Chang, Lin Xie, Weiqiang Shu, Haowen Wang, Xingjun Bowers, John E. Yang, Qi-Fan State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics School of Physics Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communications System and Networks Department of Electronics School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing100871 China

We investigate the fundamental timing jitter of dark pulse microcombs generated in an AlGaAs microresonator, where the quantum-limited frequency noise of the 91-GHz repetition rate is measured to be 0.5 Hz2/Hz. ©... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Aluminum gallium arsenide

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On Advantages of Traffic Prediction and Grooming for Provisioning of Time-Varying Traffic in Multilayer networks

On Advantages of Traffic Prediction and Grooming for Provisi...

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International Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling, ONDM

作者： Aleksandra Knapińska Piotr Lechowicz Salvatore Spadaro Krzysztof Walkowiak Department of Systems and Computer Networks Wrocław University of Science and Technology Wrocław Poland Optical Communications Group (GCO) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) Barcelona Spain

The constantly increasing traffic volume triggers the fast development of new optimization methods for backbone optical networks. Operators seek new ways to improve several network performance metrics, including network stability. In this paper, we propose a multilayer packet-over-optical approach combining grooming and traffic prediction. We demonstrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm for provisioning daily time-varying traffic of various services through multiple metrics. We show how the proposed approach, enabled by the cross-layer information exchange, can achieve a served traffic increase of about 26% in operational scenarios.

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Optical coherent dot-product chip for sophisticated deep learning regression

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第12期10卷 2330-2341页

作者： Shaofu Xu Jing Wang Haowen Shu Zhike Zhang Sicheng Yi Bowen Bai Xingjun Wang Jianguo Liu Weiwen Zou State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Intelligent Microwave Lightwave Integration Innovation Center(imLic)Department of Electronic EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communications System and Networks Department of ElectronicsSchool of Electronics Engineering and Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institution of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China

Optical implementations of neural networks(ONNs)herald the next-generation high-speed and energy-efficient deep learning computing by harnessing the technical advantages of large bandwidth and high parallelism of ***,due to the problems of the incomplete numerical domain,limited hardware scale,or inadequate numerical accuracy,the majority of existing ONNs were studied for basic classification *** that regression is a fundamental form of deep learning and accounts for a large part of current artificial intelligence applications,it is necessary to master deep learning regression for further development and deployment of ***,we demonstrate a silicon-based optical coherent dot-product chip(OCDC)capable of completing deep learning regression *** OCDC adopts optical fields to carry out operations in the complete real-value domain instead of in only the positive *** reusing,a single chip conducts matrix multiplications and convolutions in neural networks of any ***,hardware deviations are compensated via in-situ backpropagation control provided the simplicity of chip ***,the OCDC meets the requirements for sophisticated regression tasks and we successfully demonstrate a representative neural network,the AUTOMAP(a cutting-edge neural network model for image reconstruction).The quality of reconstructed images by the OCDC and a 32-bit digital computer is *** the best of our knowledge,there is no precedent of performing such state-of-the-art regression tasks on ONN *** is anticipated that the OCDC can promote the novel accomplishment of ONNs in modern AI applications including autonomous driving,natural language processing,and scientific study.

关键词： neural hardware coherent

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Classification and evaluation of IoT brokers: A methodology

Classification and evaluation of IoT brokers: A methodology

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作者： Bertrand-Martinez, Eddas Dias Feio, Phelipe Brito Nascimento, Vagner de Kon, Fabio Abelém, Antônio GERCOM - Research Group on Networks and Multimedia Communications Federal University of Pará Belém Brazil Department of Computer Science University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil

Since the term Internet of Things (IoT) was coined by Kevin Ashton in 1999, a number of middleware platforms have been developed to cope with important challenges such as the integration of different technologies. In this context of heterogeneous technologies, IoT message brokers become critical elements for the proper function of smart systems and wireless sensor networks (WSN) infrastructures. There are several evaluations made on IoT messaging middleware performance. Nevertheless, most of them ignore crucial aspects of the IoT context that also need to be included, such as reliability and other qualitative aspects. Thus, in this article, we propose a methodology for classification and evaluation of IoT brokers to help the scientific community and technology industry on evaluating them according to their interests, without leaving out important aspects for the context of smart environments. Our methodology bases its qualitative evaluations on the ISO/IEC 25000 (SQuaRE) set of standards and its quantitative evaluations on Jain's process for performance evaluation. We developed a case study to illustrate our proposal with 12 different open-source brokers, validating the feasibility of our methodological approach. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Middleware

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Statistical Age of Information: A Risk-Aware Metric and Its Applications in Status Updates

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xiao, Yuquan Du, Qinghe Karagiannidis, George K. The School of Information and Communications Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Shaanxi Smart Networks and Ubiquitous Access Research Center Xi’an710049 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece Lebanon Lebanon

Age of information (AoI) is an effective measure to quantify the information freshness in wireless status update systems. It has been further validated that the peak AoI has the potential to capture the core characteristics of the aging process, and thus the average peak AoI is widely used to evaluate the long-term performance of information freshness. However, the average peak AoI is a risk-insensitive metric and therefore may not be well suited for evaluating critical status update services. Motivated by this concern, and following the spirit of entropic value-at-risk (EVaR) in the field of risk analysis, in this paper we present a concept, termed Statistical AoI, for providing a unified framework to guarantee various requirements of risk-sensitive status-update services with the demand on the violation probability of the peak age. In particular, as the constraint on the violation probability of the peak age varies from loose to strict, the statistical AoI evolves from the average peak AoI to the maximum peak AoI. We then investigate the statistical AoI minimization problem for status updates over wireless fading channels. It is interesting to note that the corresponding optimal sampling scheme varies from step to constant functions of the channel power gain with the peak age violation probability from one to zero. We also address the maximum statistical AoI minimization problem for multi-status updates with time division multiple access (TDMA), where longer transmission time can improve reliability but may also cause the larger age. By solving this problem, we derive the optimal transmission time allocation scheme. Numerical results show that our proposals can better satisfy the diverse requirements of various risk-sensitive status update services, and demonstrate the great potential of improving information freshness compared to baseline approaches. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Risk analysis

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Graph-Based Proximal Policy Optimization Empowered Adaptive Task Scheduling Leveraging Cloud-Edge Collaboration for Consumer Electronics

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024年

作者： Li, Peisong Yi, Meng Iqbal, Muddesar Wang, Xinheng Xiao, Ziren Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University School of Advanced Technology Suzhou215123 China Southeast University School of Computer Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration Ministry of Education Nanjing211189 China Prince Sultan University Renewable Energy Laboratory Communications and Networks Engineering Department College of Engineering Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia CIP Technology ltd United Kingdom

The rapid advancement of IoT, AI, and edge computing has led to a significant increase in consumer devices and computation tasks, with new electronics incorporating these technologies to enhance services like VR/AR and autonomous driving, requiring real-time processing for safety and efficiency. However, recent research has focused on optimizing IoT task scheduling and resource allocation through various methods, yet overlooks the dynamic nature of IoT environments, fails to adapt to changing device counts and movements, and often ignores task completion rate in favor of minimizing latency and energy cost. In this context, an adaptive task scheduling and resource allocation strategy is proposed for Edge IoT systems, based on the designed Graph-based Proximal Policy Optimization (GPPO) algorithm. Firstly, the GPPO algorithm enhances PPO for adaptive task scheduling in the fluctuating MEC scenarios, adjusting for the varying number of nearby edge servers. Secondly, it accounts for consumer mobility by opting for local task execution if the consumer risks moving outside the edge server's range, ensuring result reception. Thirdly, it prioritizes task completion rate to increase the number of tasks finished within their acceptable duration. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method outperforms traditional methods. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Scheduling algorithms

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Task Placement and Resource Allocation for Edge Machine Learning: A GNN-based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Paradigm

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Yihong Zhang, Xiaoxi Zeng, Tianyu Duan, Jingpu Wu, Chuan Wu, Di Chen, Xu The School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510006 China The Department of Communications Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518066 China The Institute of Future Networks Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China The Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Machine learning (ML) tasks are one of the major workloads in today's edge computing networks. Existing edge-cloud schedulers allocate the requested amounts of resources to each task, falling short of best utilizing the limited edge resources for ML tasks. This paper proposes TapFinger, a distributed scheduler for edge clusters that minimizes the total completion time of ML tasks through co-optimizing task placement and fine-grained multi-resource allocation. To learn the tasks' uncertain resource sensitivity and enable distributed scheduling, we adopt multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) and propose several techniques to make it efficient, including a heterogeneous graph attention network as the MARL backbone, a tailored task selection phase in the actor network, and the integration of Bayes' theorem and masking schemes. We first implement a single-task scheduling version, which schedules at most one task each time. Then we generalize to the multi-task scheduling case, in which a sequence of tasks is scheduled simultaneously. Our design can mitigate the expanded decision space and yield fast convergence to optimal scheduling solutions. Extensive experiments using synthetic and test-bed ML task traces show that TapFinger can achieve up to 54.9% reduction in the average task completion time and improve resource efficiency as compared to state-of-the-art schedulers. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Resource allocation

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An Optimized Ensemble Model for Prediction the Bandwidth of Metamaterial Antenna

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 199-213页

作者： Abdelhameed Ibrahim Hattan F.Abutarboush Ali Wagdy Mohamed Mohamad Fouad El-Sayed M.El-kenawy Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringTaibah UniversityMedina42353Saudi Arabia Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Wireless Intelligent Networks Center(WINC) School of Engineering and Applied SciencesNile UniversityGizaEgypt Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansoura35111Egypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and TechnologyEgypt

Metamaterial Antenna is a special class of antennas that uses metamaterial to enhance their *** size affects the quality factor and the radiation loss of the *** antennas can overcome the limitation of bandwidth for small *** learning(ML)model is recently applied to predict antenna *** can be used as an alternative approach to the trial-and-error process of finding proper parameters of the simulated *** accuracy of the prediction depends mainly on the selected *** models combine two or more base models to produce a better-enhanced *** this paper,a weighted average ensemble model is proposed to predict the bandwidth of the Metamaterial *** base models are used namely:Multilayer Perceptron(MLP)and Support Vector Machines(SVM).To calculate the weights for each model,an optimization algorithm is used to find the optimal weights of the *** Group-Based Cooperative Optimizer(DGCO)is employed to search for optimal weight for the base *** proposed model is compared with three based models and the average ensemble *** results show that the proposed model is better than other models and can predict antenna bandwidth efficiently.

关键词： Metamaterial antenna machine learning ensemble model multilayer perceptron support vector machines

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Low-modal-crosstalk doped-fiber amplifiers in few-mode-fiber-based systems

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1768-1775页

作者： SHUAILUO HUANG LEI SHEN GANG QIAO YUANPENG DING YUYANG GAO JIAN CUI BAOLONG ZHU SIYUAN LIU MINGQING ZUO JINGLONG ZHU LEI ZHANG JIE LUO YONGQI HE ZHANGYUAN CHEN JUHAO LI State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Limited CompanyWuhan 430073China School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Networks China Mobile Communications Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100033China Department of Fundamental Network Technology China Mobile Research InstituteBeijing 100053China Pengcheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China

Independent light propagation through one or multiple modes is commonly considered as a basic demand for mode manipulation in few-mode fiber(FMF)-or multimode fiber(MMF)-based optical systems such as transmission links,optical fiber lasers,or distributed optical fiber ***,the insertion of doped-fiber amplifiers always kills the entire effort by inducing significant modal *** this paper,we propose the design of doped-fiber amplifiers in FMF-based systems adopting identical multiple-ring-core(MRC)index profiles for both passive and doped fibers to achieve low modal *** develop the direct-glass-transition(DGT)modified chemical vapor deposition(MCVD)processing for precise fabrication of few-mode erbium-doped fibers(FM-EDFs)with MRC profiles of both refractive index and erbium-ion doping ***,a few-mode erbium-doped-fiber amplifier(FM-EDFA)with a maximum gain of 26.08 dB and differential modal gain(DMG)of 2.3 dB is realized based on fabricated FM-EDF matched with a transmission FMF supporting four linearly polarized(LP)*** the insertion of the FM-EDFA,60+60 km simultaneous LP_(01)∕LP_(11)∕LP_(21)∕LP_(02)transmission without inter-modal multiple-input multiple-output digital signal processing(MIMO-DSP)is successfully *** proposed design of low-modal-crosstalk doped-fiber amplifiers provides,to our knowledge,new insights into mode manipulation methods in various applications.

关键词： fiber crosstalk amplifiers

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Cybersecurity in Smart City: A Systematic Mapping Study

Cybersecurity in Smart City: A Systematic Mapping Study

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2021 International Conference on Information Technology, ICIT 2021

作者： Alamer, Maryam Almaiah, Mohammed Amin King Faisal University Dept. of CN CCSIT Al Hofuf Alahsa Saudi Arabia King Faisal University Department of Computer Networks and Communications Al Hofuf Alahsa Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665428705

The idea and philosophy of smart cities were launched specifically to take advantage of the qualitative technological capabilities to overcome the obstacles and problems associated with the huge urban development and the boom that humanity is experiencing in recent years, especially sustainability, congestion, transportation, and various energy uses. In addition, these smart cities seek to improve the level of living and provide life services in a modern form, such as health care, enjoying a more integrated transportation service, reducing environmental pollution and other services. There is a direct relationship between technology development and cybersecurity threats as it constitutes a major obstacle to achieve these benefits. This paper demonstrates the benefits and opportunities of smart cities along with the challenges, threats, and possible solutions of cybersecurity in smart city. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Smart city

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