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SSRN 2025年

作者： Yas, Qahtan M. Umar, Hafiz Gulfam Ahmad Badr, Aymen Mudheher Rubab, Sana Department Computer of Science&IT Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan32200 Pakistan University of Diyala Iraq

Enhancing treatment and guaranteeing patient safety depend on the precise prediction of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). DDIs happen when a medication has an unfavorable effect or reduces the effectiveness of another. Despite the fact that many machine learning methods have been used to forecast DDIs, their accuracy is frequently below what is required. This paper suggests a novel machine learning technique that uses logistic regression (LR) in conjunction with a convolutional neural network (CNN) to incorporate DDI categorization. Input and cross-input pairings are among the detailed properties that the CNN component derives from the drug pairs. An embedding layer, a dense layer, and a one-dimensional convolutional layer make up the suggested design. The logistic regression model then processes this derived information to forecast interactions. Accuracy, a confusion matrix, and a classification report were used to assess the model's performance, and it showed 96.36% accuracy. According to the results, the CNN-LR method has excellent precision and recall rates in a variety of categories. By producing precise DDI forecasts, this approach offers a reliable tool for improving pharmaceutical safety. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A Comparative Analysis of RAD and Agile Technique for Management of Computing Graduation Projects

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computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第8期64卷 777-796页

作者： Fazal Qudus Khan Saim Rasheed Maged Alsheshtawi Tarig Mohamed Ahmed Sadeeq Jan Department of Information Technology FCITKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia University of Khartoum Department of Computer ScienceKhartoumSudan Department of Computer Science&IT University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawarPakistan

Computing students face the problem with time and quality of the work while managing their graduation/senior *** Application Development(RAD)model is based on continual user involvement for the process of requirement gathering via *** each iteration,the developers can validate the requirements that are completed in the *** a project with RAD is easier but not *** the other hand,Agile project management techniques focus on flexibility,agility,teamwork and quality based on user *** user involvement is avoided,which requires extensive maintenance time for fixing iteration and release of the story *** also makes it necessary to provide onsite training to the users of the *** research provides the pros and cons of RAD and Agile project management techniques,to help students in deciding the best approach for managing their graduation *** the evaluation of these techniques,similar case studies were given to the senior project students(having similar CGPAs)for building similar functionality-based *** two projects“Life Organizer”developed and managed using RAD and“Smart Patient Assistant(SPA)”developed and managed through Agile methodology were evaluated against the quality assurance criteria for senior *** study found that the project developed with RAD methodology performed 13.33%better in providing extensive and elaborated documentation than the students following the Agile *** the other hand,SPA-Agile based project,due to teamwork had 2.5%better implementation than Life Organizer-RAD based project.

关键词： Rapid application development prototyping agile project management smart application development graduation project thesis

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A Semi-Supervised Approach for Aspect Category Detection and Aspect Term Extraction from Opinionated Text

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 115-137页

作者： Bishrul Haq Sher Muhammad Daudpota Ali Shariq Imran Zenun Kastrati Waheed Noor Department of Computer Science Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur65200Pakistan Department of Computer Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Gjøvik2815Norway Department of Informatics Linnaeus UniversityVäxjö35195Sweden Department of Computer Science&IT University of BalochistanQuetta87300Pakistan

The Internet has become one of the significant sources for sharing information and expressing users’opinions about products and their interests with the associated *** is essential to learn about product reviews;however,to react to such reviews,extracting aspects of the entity to which these reviews belong is equally ***-based Sentiment Analysis(ABSA)refers to aspects extracted from an opinionated *** literature proposes different approaches for ABSA;however,most research is focused on supervised approaches,which require labeled datasets with manual sentiment polarity labeling and aspect *** study proposes a semisupervised approach with minimal human supervision to extract aspect terms by detecting the aspect ***,the study deals with two main sub-tasks in ABSA,named Aspect Category Detection(ACD)and Aspect Term Extraction(ATE).In the first sub-task,aspects categories are extracted using topic modeling and filtered by an oracle further,and it is fed to zero-shot learning as the prompts and the augmented *** predicted categories are the input to find similar phrases curated with extracting meaningful phrases(e.g.,Nouns,Proper Nouns,NER(Named Entity Recognition)entities)to detect the aspect *** study sets a baseline accuracy for two main sub-tasks in ABSA on the Multi-Aspect Multi-Sentiment(MAMS)dataset along with SemEval-2014 Task 4 subtask 1 to show that the proposed approach helps detect aspect terms via aspect categories.

关键词： Natural language processing sentiment analysis aspect-based sentiment analysis topic-modeling POS tagging zero-shot learning

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Chaos-Based Cryptographic Mechanism for Smart Healthcare IoT Systems

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 753-769页

作者： Muhammad Samiullah Waqar Aslam Arif Mehmood Muhammad Saeed Ahmad Shafiq Ahmad Adel M.Al-Shayea Muhammad Shafiq Department of Computer Science&IT The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science&IT Government Sadiq College Women UniversityBahawalpurPakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Smart and interconnected devices can generate meaningful patient data and exchange it automatically without any human intervention in order to realize the Internet of Things(IoT)in healthcare(HIoT).Due to more and more online security and data hijacking attacks,the confidentiality,integrity and availability of data are considered serious issues in HIoT *** this regard,lightweight block ciphers(LBCs)are promising in resourceconstrained environment where security is the primary *** prevalent challenge while designing an LBC for the HIoT environment is how to ascertain platform performance,cost,and *** of the existing LBCs primarily focus on text data or grayscale *** main focus of this paper is about securing color images in a cost-effective *** emphasis high confidentiality of color images captured by cameras in resource-constrained smartphones,and high confidentiality of sensitive images transmitted by low-power sensors in IoT *** order to reduce computational complexity and simulation time,the proposed Lightweight Symmetric Block Cipher(LSBC)exploits chaos-based confusion-diffusion operations at the inter-block level using a single *** strength of LSBC is assessed by cryptanalysis,while it is ranked by comparing it to other privacy-preserving *** results show that the proposed cipher produces promising results in terms of key sensitivity and differential attacks,which proves that our LSBC is a good candidate for image security in HIoT.

关键词： IoT healthcare lightweight block cipher symmetric block cipher

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Reducing Dataset Specificity for Deepfakes Using Ensemble Learning

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4261-4276页

作者： Qaiser Abbas Turki Alghamdi Yazed Alsaawy Tahir Alyas Ali Alzahrani Khawar Iqbal Malik Saira Bibi Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University Madinah Madinah42351Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan The University of Lahore Sargodha40100Pakistan University of Sargodha Department of Computer Science&ITSargodha40100Pakistan

The emergence of deep fake videos in recent years has made image falsification a real danger.A person’s face and emotions are deep-faked in a video or speech and are substituted with a different face or voice employing deep learning to analyze speech or emotional *** of how clever these videos are frequently,Manipulation is challenging to *** media are the most frequent and dangerous targets since they are weak outlets that are open to extortion or slander a *** earlier times,it was not so easy to alter the videos,which required expertise in the domain and ***,the generation of fake videos has become easier and with a high level of realism in the *** are forgeries and altered visual data that appear in still photos or video *** automatic identification systems have been developed to solve this issue,however they are constrained to certain datasets and performpoorly when applied to different *** study aims to develop an ensemble learning model utilizing a convolutional neural network(CNN)to handle deepfakes or *** employed ensemble learning,a technique combining many classifiers to achieve higher prediction performance than a single classifier,boosting themodel’s *** performance of the generated model is evaluated on Face *** work is about building a new powerful model for automatically identifying deep fake videos with the DeepFake-Detection-Challenges(DFDC)*** test our model using the DFDC,one of the most difficult datasets and get an accuracy of 96%.

关键词： Deep machine learning deep fake CNN DFDC ensemble learning

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Hyperchaos and MD5 Based Efficient Color Image Cipher

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1645-1670页

作者： Muhammad Samiullah Waqar Aslam Saima Sadiq Arif Mehmood Gyu Sang Choi Department of Computer Science&IT The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

While designing and developing encryption algorithms for text and images,the main focus has remained on *** has led to insufficient attention on the improvement of encryption efficiency,enhancement of hyperchaotic sequence randomness,and dynamic DNA-based *** this regard,a new symmetric block cipher scheme has been *** uses dynamic DNA-based S-box connected with MD5 and a hyperchaotic system to produce confusion and diffusion for encrypting color *** proposed scheme supports various size color *** generates three DNA based Sboxes for substitution namely DNA_1_s-box,DNA_2_s-box and DNA_3_sbox,each of size 16×***,the 4D hyperchaotic system followed by MD5 is employed in a novel way to enhance *** three DNAbased S-boxes are generated from real DNA sequences taken from National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI)databases and are dependent on the mean intensity value of an input image,thus effectively introducing content-based ***,Conservative Site-Specific Recombination(CSSR)is applied on the output DNA received from DNA based *** experimental results indicate that the proposed encryption scheme is more secure,robust,and computationally efficient than some of the recently published similar *** computational efficient,our proposed scheme is feasible on many emergent resource-constrained platforms.

关键词： Block cipher substitution permutation diffusion confusion

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A Mutual Authentication and Cross Verification Protocol for Securing Internet-of-Drones (IoD)

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 5845-5869页

作者： Saeed Ullah Jan Irshad Ahmed Abbasi Fahad Algarni Department of Computer Science&IT University of MalakandChakadara18800Pakistan Faculty of Science&Arts Belqarn Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of BishaSabtul Alaya 61985Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of BishaBisha 67714Saudi Arabia

With the rapid miniaturization in sensor technology,Internet-ofDrones(IoD)has delighted researchers towards information transmission security among drones with the control station server(CSS).In IoD,the drone is different in shapes,sizes,characteristics,and *** can be classified on the purpose of its deployment,either in the civilian or military ***’s manufacturing,equipment installation,power supply,multi-rotor system,and embedded sensors are not issues for *** main thing is to utilize a drone for a complex and sensitive task using an infrastructureless/self-organization/resource-less network type called Flying Ad Hoc Network(FANET).Monitoring data transmission traffic,emergency and rescue operations,border surveillance,search and physical phenomenon sensing,and so on can be achieved by developing a robust mutual authentication and cross-verification scheme for IoD deployment civilian *** several protocols are available in the literature,they are either design issues or suffering from other vulnerabilities;still,no one claims with conviction about foolproof security ***,in this paper,the researchers highlighted the major deficits in prior protocols of the domain,i.e.,these protocols are either vulnerable to forgery,side channel,stolen-verifier attacks,or raised the outdated data transmission *** order to overcome these loopholes and provide a solution to the existing vulnerabilities,this paper proposed an improved and robust public key infrastructure(PKI)based authentication scheme for the IoD *** proposed protocol’s security analysis section has been conducted formally using BAN(Burrows-Abadi-Needham)logic,ProVerif2.03 simulation,and informally using discussion/pragmatic *** the performance analysis section of the paper has been assessed by considering storage,computation,and communication *** comparing the proposed protocol with prior works,it has been demonstrate

关键词： Cryptography authentication confidentiality reachability ZSP

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Analyzing COVID-2019 Impact on Mental Health Through Social Media Forum

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computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 3737-3748页

作者： Huma Muhammad Khalid Sohail Nadeem Akhtar Dost Muhammad Humaira Afzal Muhammad Rafiq Mufti Shahid Hussain Mansoor Ahmed Department of Computer Science COMSATS UniversityIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Management Sciences Bahria Business SchoolBahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science&IT The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur.63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari Campus61100Pakistan Department of Computer and Information Science University of OregonEugene97401OregonUSA

This study aims to identify the potential association of mental health and social media forum during the outbreak of COVID-19 ***-19 brings a lot of challenges to government *** the different strategies the most extensively adopted ones were lockdown,social distancing,and isolation among *** people with no mental illness history have been found with high risk of distress and psychological discomfort due to anxiety of being infected with the *** among people due to COVID-19 spread faster than the disease *** misinformation and excessive usage of social media in this pandemic era have adversely affected mental health across the *** to limited historical data,psychiatrists are finding it difficult to cure the mental illness of people resulting from the pandemic repercussion,fueled by social media *** this study the methodology used for data extraction is by considering the implications of social network platforms(such as Reddit)and levering the capabilities of a semi-supervised co-training technique-based use of Naïve Bayes(NB),Random Forest(RF),and Support Vector Machine(SVM)*** experimental results shows the efficacy of the proposed methodology to identify the mental illness level(such as anxiety,bipolar disorder,depression,PTSD,schizophrenia,and OCD)of those who are in anxious of being infected with this *** observed 1 to 5%improvement in the classification decision through the proposed method as compared to state-of-the-art classifiers.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 mental health social media Reddit machine learning

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Analyzing COVID-19 Impact on the Researchers Productivity through Their Perceptions

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computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1835-1847页

作者： Syeda Javeria Shoukat Humaira Afzal Muhammad Rafiq Mufti Muhammad Khalid Sohail Dost Muhammad Khan Nadeem Akhtar Shahid Hussain Mansoor Ahmed Department of Computer Science COMSATS UniversityIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusIslamabad61100Pakistan Department of Management Studies Bahria Business SchoolBahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science&IT The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Computer and Information Science University of OregonEugeneOR97401USA

Context:Since the end of 2019,the COVID-19 pandemic had a worst impact on world’s economy,healthcare,and *** are several aspects where the impact of COVID-19 could be *** these,one aspect is the productivity of researcher,which plays a significant role in the success of an ***:There are several factors that could be aligned with the researcher’s productivity of each domain and whose analysis through researcher’s feedback could be beneficial for decision makers in terms of their decision making and implementation of mitigation plans for the success of an ***:We perform an empirical study to investigate the substantial impact of COVID-19 on the productivity of researchers by analyzing the relevant factors through their *** study aims to find out the impact of COVID-19 on the researcher’s productivity that are working in different *** this study,we conduct a questionnaire-based analysis,which included feedback of 152 researchers of certain *** researchers are currently involved in different research ***,we perform a statistical analysis to analyze the collected responses and report the ***:The results indicate the substantial impact of COVID-19 pandemics on the researcher’s productivity in terms of mental disturbance,lack of regular meetings,and field visits for the collection of primary ***:Finally,it is concluded that researcher’s daily or weekly meetings with their supervisors and colleagues are necessary to keep them more productive in task *** findings would help the decision makers of an organization in the settlement of their plan for the success of an organization.

关键词： COVID-19 researchers productivity statistical analysis

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Modelling and Verification of Context-Aware Intelligent Assistive Formalism

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3355-3373页

作者： Shahid Yousaf Hafiz Mahfooz Ul Haque Abbas Khalid Muhammad Adnan Hashmi Eraj Khan Department of Computer Science&IT The University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering The University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Higher Colleges of Technology Abu Dhabi25026UAE

Recent years have witnessed the expeditious evolution of intelligentsmart devices and autonomous software technologies with the expandeddomains of computing from workplaces to smart computing in everydayroutine life activities. This trend has been rapidly advancing towards the newgeneration of systems where smart devices play vital roles in acting intelligently on behalf of the users. Context-awareness has emerged from the pervasive computing paradigm. Context-aware systems have the ability to acquirecontextual information from the surrounding environment autonomously,perform reasoning on it, and then adapt their behaviors accordingly. With theproliferation of context-aware systems and smart sensors, real-time monitoring of environmental situations (context) has become quite trivial. However,it is often challenging because the imperfect nature of context can cause theinconsistent behavior of the system. In this paper, we propose a contextaware intelligent decision support formalism to assist cognitively impairedpeople in managing their routine life activities. For this, we present a semanticknowledge-based framework to contextualize the information from the environment using the protégé ontology editor and Semantic Web Rule Language(SWRL) rules. The set of contextualized information and the set of rulesacquired from the ontology can be used to model Context-aware Multi-AgentSystems (CMAS) in order to autonomously plan all activities of the users andnotify users to act accordingly. To illustrate the use of the proposed formalism,we model a case study of Mild Cognitive Impaired (MCI) patients usingColored Petri Nets (CPN) to show the reasoning process on how the contextaware agents collaboratively plan activities on the user’s behalf and validatethe correctness properties of the system.

关键词： Context-awareness multi-agents colored petri net ontology

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