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Central Tendency Feature Selection (CTFS): a novel approach for efficient and effective feature selection in intrusion detection systems

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-22页

作者： Bouke, Mohamed Aly Abdullah, Azizol Udzir, Nur Izura Samian, Normalia Department of Communication Technology and Network Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang Malaysia

In the digital era, the escalation of data generation and cyber threats has heightened the importance of network security. Machine Learning-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) play a crucial role in combating these threats, yet there is a significant gap in their feature selection methodologies. These traditional methods often fail to handle large datasets, leading to performance limitations efficiently. To advance this crucial aspect of IDS, we propose the novel Central Tendency-Based Feature Selection (CTFS) method. Our empirical investigation, utilizing the widely acknowledged UNSWNB15 and NSLKDD cybersecurity datasets, reveals that CTFS not only outperforms established feature selection methods like Univariate Selection, Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Gini Index in terms of accuracy, achieving up to 95%, and recall, reaching up to 99%, but it also substantially enhances execution efficiency. Specifically, CTFS demonstrates a remarkable reduction in feature selection time to approximately 0.1 s for UNSWNB15 and 0.026 s for NSLKDD, outmatching the more time-intensive RFE, which recorded 569.7 s and 24.9 s, respectively. These findings showcase CTFS as a potent solution, balancing high performance with computational efficiency, a key consideration in time-sensitive security applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Cybersecurity

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A Novel Community Detection Algorithm Based on Node Propagation and Attraction

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 69161-69174页

作者： Fu, Lidong Xie, Xinxing Dou, Zengfa Bai, Yun Zhao, Xi Xi'an University of Science and Technology College of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an710600 China Qinghai Institute of Technology School of Computer and Information Science Xining810016 China Xi'an University School of Information Engineering Xi'an710065 China Xi'an Big Data Service Center Xi'an710007 China

High-quality community detection in complex networks typically relies on the similarity between nodes to select communities. However, when a node exhibits the same similarity with different communities, it becomes ambiguous to determining the optimal community assignment for that node, potentially leading to incorrect predictions and affecting the accuracy of community assignments for other nodes. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel community detection algorithm based on node propagation and attraction. The algorithm first introduces a node propagation strategy, which identifies high-propagation nodes based on their connectivity and core attributes. These high-propagation nodes form the initial backbone and framework of communities, minimizing the interference of low-propagation nodes on community structure. Subsequently, an attraction definition is introduced, which starts from high-propagation nodes to select partitioning methods based on their relationships with neighboring nodes, using the attraction among these nodes facilitate community organization and propagation, aiming to enhance community quality. Finally, in the community optimization phase, the algorithm effectively improves the accuracy of partitions that result from similar attractions by considering the association degree between nodes and communities. Experimental results demonstrate that, on both synthetic and real networks, the proposed algorithm outperforms various existing community detection algorithms. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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One Shot Learning for Edge Detection on Point Clouds

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IEEE Transactions on Visualization and computer Graphics 2025年第5期31卷 3503-3513页

作者： Tu, Zhikun Zhang, Yuhe Jia, Yiou Li, Kang Cohen-Or, Daniel Northwest University School of Information Science and Technology Xi'an China Tel Aviv University Department of Computer Science Tel Aviv Israel

Each scanner possesses its unique characteristics and exhibits its distinct sampling error distribution. Training a network on a dataset that includes data collected from different scanners is less effective than training it on data specific to a single scanner. Therefore, we present a novel one-shot learning method allowing for edge extraction on point clouds, by learning the specific data distribution of the target point cloud, and thus achieve superior results compared to networks that were trained on general data distributions. More specifically, we present how to train a lightweight network named OSFENet (One-Shot Feature Extraction Network), by designing a filtered-KNN-based surface patch representation that supports a one-shot learning framework. Additionally, we introduce an RBF_DoS module, which integrates Radial Basis Function-based Descriptor of the Surface patch, highly beneficial for the edge extraction on point clouds. The advantage of the proposed OSFENet is demonstrated through comparative analyses against 7 baselines on the ABC dataset, and its practical utility is validated by results across diverse real-scanned datasets, including indoor scenes like S3DIS dataset, and outdoor scenes such as the Semantic3D dataset and UrbanBIS dataset. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Radial basis function networks

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HRMG-EA: Heterogeneous graph neural network recommendation with multi-level guidance based on enhanced-attributes

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Applied Intelligence 2025年第6期55卷 1-22页

作者： Wang, Longtao Yuan, Guiyuan Li, Chao Zhao, Yufei Duan, Hua Zeng, Qingtian College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao266590 China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Shandong Qingdao266590 China College of Mathematics and Systems Science Shandong University of Science and Technology Shandong Qingdao266590 China

Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks are an efficient and powerful tool for modeling graph structure data in recommendation systems. However, existing heterogeneous graph neural networks often fail to model the dependencies between user and item attribute preferences, limiting graph structure optimization and consequently reducing the accuracy of recommendations. To overcome these issues, we propose a Heterogeneous graph neural network Recommendation with Multi-level Guidance based on Enhanced-Attributes (HRMG-EA). First, we design an attribute enhanced gated network to model user-item interaction attribute scenarios and obtain enhanced-attributes by capturing complex attribute dependencies. It effectively avoids the expansion of the graph scale in attribute graph scenarios and further covers personalized attribute relationship distribution characteristics of users and items. Then, we propose a novel multi-level graph structure guidance strategy based on enhanced-attributes. It guides graph structure learning from three optimization levels, optimizing from two perspectives: explicit (heterogeneity and homogeneity) and implicit (contrast enhancement). The former can screen higher-quality heterogeneous neighbor nodes in a direct interaction environment, and filter out redundant or erroneous edges under different similar semantic interest paths to improve the quality of the neighborhood environment. The latter aligns representation embeddings of enhanced-attributes and graph structure in a latent space, explores their potential commonalities, and obtains more comprehensive, fine-grained semantic and beneficial structural information. Finally, on two real-world datasets, HRMG-EA significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art baseline algorithms in both recall and normalized discounted cumulative gain. A large number of ablation experiments and analytical verifications also verify its effectiveness. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Med

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Towards Enhancing Inter-Domain Routing Security With Visualization and Visual Analytics

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IEEE Transactions on Big Data 2025年第3期11卷 1508-1527页

作者： Tang, Jingwei Sun, Guodao Chen, Jiahui Zhang, Gefei Jiang, Qi Li, Yanbiao Zhang, Guangxing Liu, Jian Wang, Haixia Liang, Ronghua College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou310023 China Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Network Technology Research Center Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Science Beijing100864 China

In the complex landscape of the Internet, inter-domain routing systems are essential for ensuring seamless connectivity and reachability across autonomous systems. However, the lack of dependable security validation mechanisms in these systems poses persistent challenges. Vulnerabilities such as prefix hijacking, path forgery, and route leakage not only compromise network operators and users, but also threaten the stability and accessibility of the Internet’s core infrastructure. To address this, visualization and visual analytics techniques are adept at identifying and detecting security threats, offering network administrators effective methods to monitor and maintain network operations. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art research in visualization and visual analytics for inter-domain routing security. We delineate four scenarios for tasks analysis in network visualization: monitoring, detection, verification, and discovery. Each category is explored in detail, focusing on the employed data sources and visualization techniques. Several key findings are presented at the end of each category, aimed at providing researchers and practitioners with research inspiration. Furthermore, we examine the trends of academic interest observed in recent decades and propose potential directions for future research in visual analytics pertaining to Internet infrastructure security. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Visual analytics

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Adversarial multi-image steganography via texture evaluation and multi-scale image enhancement

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第9期84卷 5793-5823页

作者： Li, Fengyong Li, Longwei Zeng, Yishu Yu, Jiang Qin, Chuan College of Computer Science and Technology Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai201306 China School of Information and Computer Shanghai Business School Shanghai201400 China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200092 China

Multi-image steganography refers to a data-hiding scheme where a user tries to hide confidential messages within multiple images. Different from the traditional steganography which only requires the security of an individual image, multi-image steganography considers an overall security for a batch of images. However, existing multi-image steganography all faces a nontrivial problem: how to optimally allocate payload into multiple images to guarantee the security of batch images. To address this problem, this paper proposes an adversarial multi-image steganographic scheme. A multi-scale texture evaluation mechanism is firstly calculated to determine the embeddable cover images. Subsequently, a series of multi-scale filters are introduced to enhance the image content, which can be used to guide the optimal payload assignment of each image. Furthermore, an adversarial embedding mechanism is designed by dynamically adjusting the random gradient mapping of batch images, and finally achieving secure multi-image steganography. Our proposed scheme can optimize the overall steganographic security performance of multiple images, while ensuring the anti-steganalysis capability of a single image. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our scheme can achieve superior performance for multi-image steganography over different large-scale image sets, and outperforms state-of-the art schemes in terms of both single-image and multi-image anti-steganalysis capability. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Embeddings

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Bidirectional LSTM-Based Energy Consumption Forecasting:Advancing AI-Driven Cloud Integration for Cognitive City Energy Management

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 2907-2926页

作者： Sheik Mohideen Shah Meganathan Selvamani Mahesh Thyluru Ramakrishna Surbhi Bhatia Khan Shakila Basheer Wajdan Al Malwi Mohammad Tabrez Quasim Department of Computer Science and Engineering Srinivasa Ramanujan CentreSASTRA Deemed UniversityKumbakonam612001India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyJAIN(Deemed-to-be University)Bangalore562112India School of Science Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and TechnologyChitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia Department of Information Systems College ofComputer and Information SciencePrincessNourah bintAbdulrahmanUniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science Informatics and Computer Systems Department King Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computing and Information TechnologyUniversity of BishaBisha61922Saudi Arabia

Efficient energy management is a cornerstone of advancing cognitive cities,where AI,IoT,and cloud computing seamlessly integrate to meet escalating global energy *** this context,the ability to forecast electricity consumption with precision is vital,particularly in residential settings where usage patterns are highly variable and *** study presents an innovative approach to energy consumption forecasting using a bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)*** a dataset containing over twomillionmultivariate,time-series observations collected froma single household over nearly four years,ourmodel addresses the limitations of traditional time-series forecasting methods,which often struggle with temporal dependencies and non-linear *** bidirectional LSTM architecture processes data in both forward and backward directions,capturing past and future contexts at each time step,whereas existing unidirectional LSTMs consider only a single temporal *** design,combined with dropout regularization,leads to a 20.6%reduction in RMSE and an 18.8%improvement in MAE over conventional unidirectional LSTMs,demonstrating a substantial enhancement in prediction accuracy and *** to existing models—including SVM,Random Forest,MLP,ANN,and CNN—the proposed model achieves the lowest MAE of 0.0831 and RMSE of 0.2213 during testing,significantly outperforming these *** results highlight the model’s superior ability to navigate the complexities of energy usage patterns,reinforcing its potential application in AI-driven IoT and cloud-enabled energy management systems for cognitive *** integrating advanced machine learning techniqueswith IoT and cloud infrastructure,this research contributes to the development of intelligent,sustainable urban environments.

关键词： Deep learning bidirectional LSTM energy consumption forecasting time-series analysis predictive modeling machine learning in energy management

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Abnormal event detection in surveillance videos through LSTM auto-encoding and local minima assistance

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Discover Internet of Things 2025年第1期5卷 1-25页

作者： Sengonul, Erkan Samet, Refik Abu Al-Haija, Qasem Alqahtani, Ali Alsemmeari, Rayan A. Alghamdi, Bandar Alturki, Badraddin Alsulami, Abdulaziz A. Department of Computer Engineering Ankara University Ankara06100 Turkey Department of Cybersecurity Faculty of Computer & Information Technology Jordan University of Science and Technology PO Box 3030 Irbid22110 Jordan Department of Networks & Communications Engineering College of Computer Science & Information Systems Najran University Najran61441 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia

Abnormal event detection in video surveillance is critical for security, traffic management, and industrial monitoring applications. This paper introduces an innovative methodology for anomaly detection in video data, encompassing three primary stages: preprocessing, feature learning, and anomaly detection. We employ background subtraction and noise reduction during preprocessing to refine the data. The feature-learning stage involves training an LSTM autoencoder to capture the essential features of normal video sequences. For anomaly detection, we map video data to a lower-dimensional space (latent code) and compare it against the distribution of codes from normal sequences. We determine regularity scores and identify local minima points exceeding a specified threshold while scrutinizing shadows between adjacent maxima to confirm and pinpoint anomalies. When tested on the CUHK Avenue and UMN datasets, our methodology demonstrated performance with AUCs of 93.8% and 94.1%, respectively, outperforming several baseline models. Our results show the high precision of our method that can detect anomalies, highlighting its potential advantages that it can achieve for enhancing systems of surveillance. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Noise abatement

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Four-wave mixing Bragg scattering for small frequency shift from silicon coupled microrings

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 351-355页

作者： Chang Zhao Chao Wu Pingyu Zhu Yuxing Du Yan Wang Miaomiao Yu Kaikai Zhang Ping Xu Institute for Quantum Information&State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and TechnologyNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Frequency conversion is pivotal in nonlinear optics and quantum optics for manipulating and translating light signals across different wavelength *** frequency conversion between two light beams with a small frequency interval is a central *** this work,we design a pair of coupled silicon microrings wherein coupled-induced modesplitting exists to achieve a small frequency shift by the process of four-wave mixing Bragg *** an example,the signal can be up or down converted to the idler which is 15.5 GHz spaced when two pumps align with another pair of split *** results unveil the potential of coupled microring resonators for small interval frequency conversion in a high-fidelity,all-optical,and signal processing quantum frequency interface.

关键词： four-wave mixing Bragg scattering silicon coupled microrings

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Advancing Software Defect Detection and Prevention: Bridging Gaps in Early-Stage and Evolving Software Systems 5th

Advancing Software Defect Detection and Prevention: Bridging...

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5th International Symposium on Signal and Image Processing, ISSIP 2024

作者： Poonia, Ramesh Chandra Upreti, Kamal Alam, Mohammad Shabbir Department of Computer Science CHRIST University Delhi India College of Computer Science and Information Technology Jazan University Jazan Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819795147

Software defect prediction (SDP) is a critical method in modern software development, saving costs while ensuring the delivery of high-quality software systems. This study investigates the vital importance of SDP, focusing on its function in detecting and correcting software faults that might lead to system failures. SDP forecasts defect-proneness and optimizes software-testing processes by using software metrics such as lines of code and change information. The chapter examines the progress of SDP research since the turn of the century, emphasizing the academic emphasis on refining static characteristics and establishing efficient learning methods for building high-performance defect predictors. Recognizing the economic consequences of software flaws, particularly in major engineering projects, this chapter emphasizes the importance of SDP in limiting project failures and economic losses in the twenty-first century. Several defect prediction methods are investigated in the context of software quality, with an emphasis on ongoing attempts to prevent and discover errors early in the software development lifecycle. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Software quality

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