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Empowering agricultural security with IoT and deep learning driven real-time alert systems

International Journal of information technology (Singapore) 2024年第7期16卷 4627-4635页

作者： Singh, Priya Krishnamurthi, Rajalakshmi Department of Computer Science Jaypee Institute of Information Technology

In the realm of smart agriculture, our primary objective is to enhance security in the agriculture field by combining IoT and computer vision technologies. By leveraging these advanced tools, we strive to protect field crops from unauthorized access, aligning with the core principles of smart agriculture that prioritize the safeguarding of agricultural assets. Various governmental initiatives have been innovated to tackle the issue of ensuring food security. However, the majority of farmers face limitation due to insufficient knowledge and financial means, to effectively manage issues such as field monitoring and object detection. Hence, we aim to create an energy-efficient real time system that intelligently detects objects and sends alerts to farmers specifically designed for agricultural purposes. By integrating ultrasonic sensors, Raspberry Pi edge, and real-time trained object detectors like Embed-YOLOv3 and EmbedT-YOLOv3, we achieve superior accuracy, faster processing, and enhanced speed. This system efficiently identifies and categorizes objects, instantly notifying farmers through a real time android application. Identification of objects followed by immediate action can preserve yields, significantly reducing crop damage and strengthening the country’s economy. This proactive approach can alleviate distress among numerous farmers. Achieving an exceptional precision rate of 97%, recall rate of 96%, and accuracy of 95.86%, our system harnesses low-power IoT devices coupled with deep learning to deliver robust crop protection in the agricultural field. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Deep learning Internet of things (IoT) Object detection Raspberry pi Ultrasonic sensors YOLOv3

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A Systematic Literature Review of Deep Learning Algorithms for Segmentation of the COVID-19 Infection

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5717-5742页

作者： Shroog Alshomrani Muhammad Arif Mohammed A.Al Ghamdi Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesUmm AlQura UniversityMakkah24231Saudi Arabia

Coronavirus has infected more than 753 million people,ranging in severity from one person to another,where more than six million infected people died ***-aided diagnostic(CAD)with artificial intelligence(AI)showed outstanding performance in effectively diagnosing this virus in *** tomography is a complementary diagnostic tool to clarify the damage of COVID-19 in the lungs even before symptoms appear in *** paper conducts a systematic literature review of deep learning methods for classifying the segmentation of COVID-19 infection in the *** used the methodology of systematic reviews and meta-analyses(PRISMA)flow *** research aims to systematically analyze the supervised deep learning methods,open resource datasets,data augmentation methods,and loss functions used for various segment shapes of COVID-19 infection from computerized tomography(CT)chest *** have selected 56 primary studies relevant to the topic of the *** have compared different aspects of the algorithms used to segment infected areas in the CT *** to deep learning in the segmentation of infected areas still need to be developed to predict smaller regions of infection at the beginning of their appearance.

关键词： COVID-19 segmentation chest CT images deep learning systematic review 2D and 3D supervised deep learning

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Novel Framework for an Intrusion Detection System Using Multiple Feature Selection Methods Based on Deep Learning

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Tsinghua science and technology 2024年第4期29卷 948-958页

作者： A.E.M.Eljialy Mohammed Yousuf Uddin Sultan Ahmad Department of Information Systems College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabiaand also with University Center for Research and Development(UCRD)Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityPunjabIndia

Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are deployed to detect anomalies in real time. They classify a network’s incoming traffic as benign or anomalous (attack). An efficient and robust IDS in software-defined networks is an inevitable component of network security. The main challenges of such an IDS are achieving zero or extremely low false positive rates and high detection rates. Internet of Things (IoT) networks run by using devices with minimal resources. This situation makes deploying traditional IDSs in IoT networks unfeasible. Machine learning (ML) techniques are extensively applied to build robust IDSs. Many researchers have utilized different ML methods and techniques to address the above challenges. The development of an efficient IDS starts with a good feature selection process to avoid overfitting the ML model. This work proposes a multiple feature selection process followed by classification. In this study, the Software-defined networking (SDN) dataset is used to train and test the proposed model. This model applies multiple feature selection techniques to select high-scoring features from a set of features. Highly relevant features for anomaly detection are selected on the basis of their scores to generate the candidate dataset. Multiple classification algorithms are applied to the candidate dataset to build models. The proposed model exhibits considerable improvement in the detection of attacks with high accuracy and low false positive rates, even with a few features selected.

关键词： random forest feature selection decision tree software-defined network logistic regression intrusion detection system XGB classifier AdaBoost

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Privacy-preserving recommendation with coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts

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science China(information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 66-81页

作者： Lei CHEN Chen GAO Jiahuan LEI Xiaoyi DU Xinlei SHI Hengliang LUO Depeng JIN Yong LI Meng WANG Department of Electronic Engineering BNRist Tsinghua University Meituan Inc. School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology

The behavior of users on online life service platforms like Meituan and Yelp often occurs within specific finegrained spatiotemporal contexts(i.e., when and where). Recommender systems, designed to serve millions of users, typically operate in a fully server-based manner, requiring on-device users to upload their behavioral data, including fine-grained spatiotemporal contexts, to the server, which has sparked public concern regarding privacy. Consequently, user devices only upload coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts for user privacy protection. However, previous research mostly focuses on modeling fine-grained spatiotemporal contexts using knowledge graph convolutional models, which are not applicable to coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts in privacy-constrained recommender systems. In this paper, we investigate privacy-preserving recommendation by leveraging coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts. We propose the coarse-grained spatiotemporal knowledge graph for privacy-preserving recommendation(CSKG), which explicitly models spatiotemporal co-occurrences using common-sense knowledge from coarse-grained contexts. Specifically, we begin by constructing a spatiotemporal knowledge graph tailored to coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts. Then we employ a learnable metagraph network that integrates common-sense information to filter and extract co-occurrences. CSKG evaluates the impact of coarsegrained spatiotemporal contexts on user behavior through the use of a knowledge graph convolutional network. Finally, we introduce joint learning to effectively learn representations. By conducting experiments on two real large-scale datasets,we achieve an average improvement of about 11.0% on two ranking metrics. The results clearly demonstrate that CSKG outperforms state-of-the-art baselines.

关键词： privacy-preserveing coarse-grained spatiotemporal contexts recommender systems

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Colored Edge Detection Using Thresholding Techniques

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Recent Advances in computer science and Communications 2023年第4期16卷 33-41页

作者： Fenyi, Adolf Fenyi, Isaac Asante, Michael Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Background: In this research, a novel algorithm is formulated through the combination of gradient and adaptive thresholding. A set of 5 X 5 convolution kernels were generated to determine the gradients in the four main directions of the image. Objectives: The researcher converted the gaussian equation into a normalized kernel, which was convolved with the gradients to suppress the impact of noise. Methods: The edges derived were partitioned into a set of 5 x 5 matrices. A weighted variance was calculated for each local window in the image. The pixel that generated the minimum variance was used for the segmentation process in each local window. The researcher then trimmed multiple pixel width edges into singles by developing a set of 5 X 5 Structuring Elements (SE). These elements were placed over the image to remove boundary pixels. In order to produce colored edges, the algorithm was executed over all the channels and the results were concatenated to produce the skeletal colored edges. Results: From the evaluations conducted, the proposed algorithm exhibited better performance than most of the recent algorithms with respect to Human Perception Clarity and time complexity in both noisy and non-uniform illuminated images. Conclusion: The reason for this performance is that it is able to extract edges moving in the various directions of images. It also ensures that identified edges are single pixel width instead of multiple. © 2023 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Pixels

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RoadFormer: Duplex Transformer for RGB-Normal Semantic Road Scene Parsing

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024年第7期9卷 1-10页

作者： Li, Jiahang Zhan, Yikang Yun, Peng Zhou, Guangliang Chen, Qijun Fan, Rui College of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

The recent advancements in deep convolutional neural networks have shown significant promise in the domain of road scene parsing. Nevertheless, the existing works focus primarily on freespace detection, with little attention given to hazardous road defects that could compromise both driving safety and comfort. In this article, we introduce RoadFormer, a novel Transformer-based data-fusion network developed for road scene parsing. RoadFormer utilizes a duplex encoder architecture to extract heterogeneous features from both RGB images and surface normal information. The encoded features are subsequently fed into a novel heterogeneous feature synergy block for effective feature fusion and recalibration. The pixel decoder then learns multi-scale long-range dependencies from the fused and recalibrated heterogeneous features, which are subsequently processed by a Transformer decoder to produce the final semantic prediction. Additionally, we release SYN-UDTIRI, the first large-scale road scene parsing dataset that contains over 10,407 RGB images, dense depth images, and the corresponding pixel-level annotations for both freespace and road defects of different shapes and sizes. Extensive experimental evaluations conducted on our SYN-UDTIRI dataset, as well as on three public datasets, including KITTI road, CityScapes, and ORFD, demonstrate that RoadFormer outperforms all other state-of-the-art networks for road scene parsing. Specifically, RoadFormer ranks first on the KITTI road benchmark. Our source code, created dataset, and demo video are publicly available at ***/RoadFormer. IEEE

关键词： Semantics

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Fuzzy-HLSTM(Hierarchical Long Short-Term Memory)for Agricultural Based information Mining

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 2397-2413页

作者： Ahmed Abdu Alattab Mohammed Eid Ibrahim Reyazur Rashid Irshad Anwar Ali Yahya Amin A.Al-Awady Department of Computer Science College of Science and ArtsSharurahNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science&Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia Computer Skills Department Deanship of Preparatory YearNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia

This research proposes a machine learning approach using fuzzy logic to build an information retrieval system for the next crop *** case-based reasoning systems,case representation is critical,and thus,researchers have thoroughly investigated textual,attribute-value pair,and ontological *** big databases result in slow case retrieval,this research suggests a fast case retrieval strategy based on an associated representation,so that,cases are interrelated in both either similar or dissimilar *** soon as a new case is recorded,it is compared to prior data to find a relative *** proposed method is worked on the number of cases and retrieval accuracy between the related case representation and conventional *** Long Short-Term Memory(HLSTM)is used to evaluate the efficiency,similarity of the models,and fuzzy rules are applied to predict the environmental condition and soil quality during a particular time of the *** on the results,the proposed approaches allows for rapid case retrieval with high accuracy.

关键词： Machine learning agriculture IoT HLSTM fuzzy rules

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Efficient Communication in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Optimized Energy Efficient Engroove Leach Clustering Protocol

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Tsinghua science and technology 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： N.Meenakshi Sultan Ahmad A.V.Prabu J.Nageswara Rao Nashwan Adnan Othman Hikmat A.M.Abdeljaber R.Sekar Jabeen Nazeer SRM Institute of Science and Technology KattankulathurChennai 603203India Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia University Center for Research and Development(UCRD) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India Department of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India Department of Computer Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering(ECE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is a network that is constructed in regions that are inaccessible to human *** widespread deployment of wireless micro sensors will make it possible to conduct accurate environmental monitoring for a use in both civil and military *** make use of these data to monitor and keep track of the physical data of the surrounding environment in order to ensure the sustainability of the *** data have to be picked up by the sensor,and then sent to the sink node where they may be *** nodes of the WSNs are powered by batteries,therefore they eventually run out of *** energy restriction has an effect on the network life span and environmental *** objective of this study is to further improve the Engroove Leach(EL)protocol’s energy efficiency so that the network can operate for a very long time while consuming the least amount of *** lifespan of WSNs is being extended often using clustering and routing *** Meta Inspired Hawks Fragment Optimization(MIHFO)system,which is based on passive clustering,is used in this study to do *** cluster head is chosen based on the nodes’residual energy,distance to neighbors,distance to base station,node degree,and node *** on distance,residual energy,and node degree,an algorithm known as Heuristic Wing Antfly Optimization(HWAFO)selects the optimum path between the cluster head and Base Station(BS).They examine the number of nodes that are active,their energy consumption,and the number of data packets that the BS *** overall experimentation is carried out under the MATLAB *** the analysis,it has been discovered that the suggested approach yields noticeably superior outcomes in terms of throughput,packet delivery and drop ratio,and average energy consumption.

关键词： wireless sensor networks energy efficient engroove leach protocol meta inspired Hawks fragment optimization heuristic wing antfly optimization

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Extracting Facial Features to Detect Deepfake Videos Using Machine Learning

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International Journal of Advanced computer science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 834-842页

作者： Aslam, Ayesha Mir, Jamaluddin Zaman, Gohar Rahman, Atta Salam, Asiya Abdus Ali, Farhan Alhiyafi, Jamal Bakry, Aghiad Gul, Mustafa Jamal Gollapalli, Mohammed Mahmud, Maqsood Department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and Technology Havelian Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information Technology Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P.O. Box 1982 Dammam31441 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information Technology Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P.O. Box 1982 Dammam31441 Saudi Arabia College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science Kettering University FlintMI United States Department of Business Administration University of York York YO10 5DD Heslington United Kingdom Department of Information Technology & Engineering Sydney Met SydneyNSW2000 Australia School of Computing Ulster University Northern Ireland Belfast United Kingdom

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have gained popularity for their ability to synthesize images from random inputs in deep learning models. One of the notable applications of this technology is the creation of realistic videos known as deepfakes, which have been misused on social media platforms. The difficulty lies in distinguishing these fake videos from real ones with the naked eye, leading to significant concerns. This study proposes a supervised machine learning approach to effectively differentiate between real and counterfeit videos by detecting visual artifacts. To achieve this, two facial features are extracted: eye blinking and nose position, utilizing landmark detection techniques. Both features were trained on supervised machine learning classifiers and evaluated using the publicly available UADFV and Celeb-DF deepfake datasets. The experiments successfully demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a promising and superior performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 97% for deepfake detection in contrast to state-of-the-art methods investigating the same datasets. © (2025), (science and information Organization). All rights reserved.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Mango Disease Detection Using Fused Vision Transformer with ConvNeXt Architecture

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 1023-1039页

作者： Faten S.Alamri Tariq Sadad Ahmed S.Almasoud Raja Atif Aurangzeb Amjad Khan Department of Mathematical Sciences College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of Engineering&TechnologyMardan23200Pakistan AIDA Lab Department of Information SystemsCollege of Computer&Information SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh12435Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

Mango farming significantly contributes to the economy,particularly in developing ***,mango trees are susceptible to various diseases caused by fungi,viruses,and bacteria,and diagnosing these diseases at an early stage is crucial to prevent their spread,which can lead to substantial *** development of deep learning models for detecting crop diseases is an active area of research in smart *** study focuses on mango plant diseases and employs the ConvNeXt and Vision Transformer(ViT)*** datasets were *** first,MangoLeafBD,contains data for mango leaf diseases such as anthracnose,bacterial canker,gall midge,and powdery *** second,SenMangoFruitDDS,includes data for mango fruit diseases such as Alternaria,Anthracnose,Black Mould Rot,Healthy,and Stem and *** datasets were obtained from publicly available *** proposed model achieved an accuracy of 99.87%on the MangoLeafBD dataset and 98.40%on the MangoFruitDDS *** results demonstrate that ConvNeXt and ViT models can effectively diagnose mango diseases,enabling farmers to identify these conditions more *** system contributes to increased mango production and minimizes economic losses by reducing the time and effort needed for manual ***,the proposed system is integrated into a mobile application that utilizes the model as a backend to detect mango diseases instantly.

关键词： ConvNeXt model fusion mango disease smart agriculture vision transformer

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