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How graph convolutions amplify popularity bias for recommendation?

Frontiers of computer science 2024年第5期18卷 121-132页

作者： Jiajia CHEN Jiancan WU Jiawei CHEN Xin XIN Yong LI Xiangnan HE School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 250100China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Graphconvolutional networks(GCNs)have become prevalent in recommender system(RS)due to their superiority in modeling collaborative *** improving the overall accuracy,GCNs unfortunately amplify popularity bias-tail items are less likely to be *** effect prevents the GCN-based RS from making precise and fair recommendations,decreasing the effectiveness of recommender systems in the long *** this paper,we investigate how graph convolutions amplify the popularity bias in *** theoretical analyses,we identify two fundamental factors:(1)with graph convolution(i.e.,neighborhood aggregation),popular items exert larger influence than tail items on neighbor users,making the users move towards popular items in the representation space;(2)after multiple times of graph convolution,popular items would affect more high-order neighbors and become more *** two points make popular items get closer to almost users and thus being recommended more *** rectify this,we propose to estimate the amplified effect of popular nodes on each node's representation,and intervene the effect after each graph ***,we adopt clustering to discover highly-influential nodes and estimate the amplification effect of each node,then remove the effect from the node embeddings at each graph convolution *** method is simple and generic-it can be used in the inference stage to correct existing models rather than training a new model from scratch,and can be applied to various GCN *** demonstrate our method on two representative GCN backbones LightGCN and UltraGCN,verifying its ability in improving the recommendations of tail items without sacrificing the performance of popular *** are open-sourced^(1)).

关键词： recommendation graph convolution networks popularity bias

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A Survey of Edge Caching:Key Issues and Challenges

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Tsinghua science and technology 2024年第3期29卷 818-842页

作者： Hanwen Li Mingtao Sun Fan Xia Xiaolong Xu Muhammad Bilal School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 262700China Reading Academy Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Computer Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYongin-si 17035Republic of Korea

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and intelligent applications,the quantity of mobile devices and data traffic in networks have been growing exponentially,which poses a great burden to networks and brings huge challenge to servicing user *** caching,which utilizes the storage and computation resources of the edge to bring resources closer to end users,is a promising way to relieve network burden and enhance user *** this paper,we aim to survey the edge caching techniques from a comprehensive and systematic *** first present an overview of edge caching,summarizing the three key issues regarding edge caching,i.e.,where,what,and how to cache,and then introducing several significant caching *** then carry out a detailed and in-depth elaboration on these three issues,which correspond to caching locations,caching objects,and caching strategies,*** particular,we innovate on the issue“what to cache”,interpreting it as the classification of the“caching objects”,which can be further classified into content cache,data cache,and service ***,we discuss several open issues and challenges of edge caching to inspire future investigations in this research area.

关键词： edge caching edge computing caching location caching object caching strategy 5G networkarchitecture Internet of Things(IoT)

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DeBERTa-GRU: Sentiment Analysis for Large Language Model

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4219-4236页

作者： Adel Assiri Abdu Gumaei Faisal Mehmood Touqeer Abbas Sami Ullah Department of Informatics for Business College of BusinessKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Computer Science Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPunjab38000Pakistan

Modern technological advancements have made social media an essential component of daily *** media allow individuals to share thoughts,emotions,and *** analysis plays the function of evaluating whether the sentiment of the text is positive,negative,neutral,or any other personal emotion to understand the sentiment context of the *** analysis is essential in business and society because it impacts strategic *** analysis involves challenges due to lexical variation,an unlabeled dataset,and text distance *** execution time increases due to the sequential processing of the sequence ***,the calculation times for the Transformer models are reduced because of the parallel *** study uses a hybrid deep learning strategy to combine the strengths of the Transformer and Sequence models while ignoring their *** particular,the proposed model integrates the Decoding-enhanced with Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)attention(DeBERTa)and the Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)for sentiment *** the Decoding-enhanced BERT technique,the words are mapped into a compact,semantic word embedding space,and the Gated Recurrent Unit model can capture the distance contextual semantics *** proposed hybrid model achieves F1-scores of 97%on the Twitter Large Language Model(LLM)dataset,which is much higher than the performance of new techniques.

关键词： DeBERTa GRU Naive Bayes LSTM sentiment analysis large language model

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Hybrid CatBoost and SVR Model for Earthquake Prediction Using the LANL Earthquake Dataset

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第14期49卷 93-110页

作者： Kaushal, Arush Gupta, Ashok Kumar Sehgal, Vivek Kumar Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Jaypee University of Information Technology Solan171234 India Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Information Technology Solan171234 India

Earthquakes have the potential to cause catastrophic structural and economic damage. This research explores the application of machine learning for earthquake prediction using LANL (Los Alamos National Laboratory) dataset. The data, obtained from a laboratory stick-slip friction experiment, simulate real earthquakes through digitized acoustic signals recorded against the time to failure of a granular layer. We introduced a hybrid model combining CatBoost and Support Vector Regression (SVR) to predict the time of the next earthquake, evaluating its performance against individual CatBoost and SVR models. The hybrid model demonstrated superior accuracy with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.0825, outperforming the individual models. We implemented feature engineering to optimize the predictive capability of the models. Additionally, we compared our hybrid model's performance with previous studies to validate its efficacy. Our findings underscore the potential of machine learning, particularly hybrid models, in enhancing earthquake prediction accuracy. This study highlights the robustness and effectiveness of the hybrid CatBoost-SVR model, paving the way for advanced AI algorithms in seismology and contributing to improved disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stick-slip

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Semantic Segmentation of Lumbar Vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on Spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi S V V Shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam Sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar Spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DSC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

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Optimizing photo-to-anime translation with prestyled paired datasets

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第41期83卷 89393-89414页

作者： Chang, Chuan-Wang Dharmawan, Pratamagusta Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan

Animation is a widespread artistic expression that holds a special place in people's hearts. Traditionally, animation creation has relied heavily on manual techniques, demanding skilled drawing abilities and a significant amount of time. For instance, many Japanese anime films draw inspiration from real-world settings, requiring access to relevant references and artists capable of translating them into anime visuals. Consequently, the development of technology that automatically converts images into anime holds great significance. Numerous methods for style transfer have been developed using unsupervised learning and have achieved impressive results. However, unsupervised learning methods suffer when the image contains multiple styles within itself because they learn the style of the image globally. To solve this problem, we propose splitting these styles within the image into multiple classes: sky, buildings, greenery, water, and other objects. Then, we style these separated classes using existing image-to-image translation models. Finally, we train a pix2pix model to learn image style transfer in a paired manner. The experimental results show that the images are effectively styled into the resulting anime-styled image domain with comparable results to existing unsupervised learning GAN-based methods. The proposed method can effectively transfer the style from real-world photos into the anime-styled image domain. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Unsupervised learning

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Detection and Classification of Hemorrhages in Retinal Images

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computer Systems science & Engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1601-1616页

作者： Ghassan Ahmed Ali Thamer Mitib Ahmad Al Sariera Muhammad Akram Adel Sulaiman Fekry Olayah College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Studies in Computer Science University of MysoreMysoreIndia

Damage of the blood vessels in retina due to diabetes is called diabetic retinopathy(DR).Hemorrhages is theﬁrst clinically visible symptoms of *** paper presents a new technique to extract and classify the hemorrhages in fundus *** normal objects such as blood vessels,fovea and optic disc inside retinal images are masked to distinguish them from *** masking blood vessels,thresholding that separates blood vessels and background intensity followed by a newﬁlter to extract the border of vessels based on orienta-tions of vessels are *** masking optic disc,the image is divided into sub-images then the brightest window with maximum variance in intensity is *** the candidate dark regions are extracted based on adaptive thresholding and top-hat morphological *** are extracted from each candidate region based on ophthalmologist selection such as color and size and pattern recognition techniques such as texture and wavelet *** different types of Support Vector Machine(SVM),Linear SVM,Quadratic SVM and Cubic SVM classiﬁer are applied to classify the candidate dark regions as either hemor-rhages or *** efﬁcacy of the proposed method is demonstrated using the standard benchmark DIARETDB1 database and by comparing the results with methods in *** performance of the method is measured based on average sensitivity,speciﬁcity,F-score and *** results show the Linear SVM classiﬁer gives better results than Cubic SVM and Quadratic SVM with respect to sensitivity and accuracy and with respect to speciﬁcity Quadratic SVM gives better result as compared to other SVMs.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy hemorrhages adaptive thresholding support vector machine

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Reinforcement learning (RL)-based semantic segmentation and attention based backpropagation convolutional neural network (ABB-CNN) for breast cancer identification and classification using mammogram images

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第24期36卷 14797-14823页

作者： Thakur, Neha Kumar, Pardeep Kumar, Amit Department of Computer Science & amp Engineering Jaypee University of Information Technology HP Solan India

Breast cancer poses a threat to women’s health and contributes to an increase in mortality rates. Mammography has proven to be an effective tool for the early detection of breast cancer. However, it faces many challenges in early breast cancer detection due to poor image quality, traditional segmentation, and feature extraction. Therefore, this work addresses these issues and proposes an attention-based backpropagation convolutional neural network (ABB-CNN) to detect breast cancer from mammogram images more accurately. The proposed work includes image enhancement, reinforcement learning-based semantic segmentation (RLSS), and multiview feature extraction and classification. The image enhancement is performed by removing noise and artefacts through a hybrid filter (HF), image scaling through a pixel-based bilinear interpolation (PBI), and contrast enhancement through an election-based optimization (EO) algorithm. In addition, the RLSS introduces intelligent segmentation by utilizing a deep Q network (DQN) to segment the region of interest (ROI) strategically. Moreover, the proposed ABB-CNN facilitates multiview feature extraction from the segmented region to classify the mammograms into normal, malignant, and benign classes. The proposed framework is evaluated on the collected and the digital database for screening mammography (DDSM) datasets. The proposed framework provides better outcomes in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, f-measure, false-negative rate (FNR) and area under the curve (AUC). This work achieved (99.20%, 99.35%), (99.56%, 99.66%), (98.96%, 98.99%), (99.05%, 99.12%), (0.44%, 0.34%), (99.31%, 99.39%) and (99.27%, 99.32%) of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, FNR, f-measure and AUC on (collected, DDSM datasets), respectively. This research addresses the prevalent challenges in breast cancer identification and offers a robust and highly accurate solution by integrating advanced deep-learning techniques. The evaluated re

关键词： Image enhancement

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Improving coronary heart disease prediction with real-life dataset: a stacked generalization framework with maximum clinical attributes and SMOTE balancing for imbalanced data

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第37期83卷 85139-85168页

作者： Dubey, Madhuri Tembhurne, Jitendra Makhijani, Richa Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Maharashtra Nagpur441108 India

Heart disease increases the strain on the heart by reducing its ability to pump blood throughout the body, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Heart disease is becoming a global threat to the world due to people’s unhealthy lifestyles, prevalent stroke history, physical inactivity, and current medical background. In predictive analytics, many studies were proposed to get alerts about forthcoming heart disease based on various attributes. However, the performance metrics were good, but the model was trained with few features. This study aims to train the model with all the essential attributes for heart disease prediction on Framingham Heart Study (FHS) dataset. The dataset is pre-processed with IQR (Inter Quartile Range) outlier detection followed by data oversampling using Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). We proposed a stack generalization approach, wherein various machine learning classifiers, namely logistic regression, random forest, K-nearest neighbour, Naïve Bayes, support vector machine, XGBoost, and decision tree with optimized hyperparameter trained the model to offer the best learner for the prediction of Coronary Heart disease with improved performance. The proposed model is tested on the original imbalanced and SMOTE-balanced FHS dataset. It is observed that logistic regression on the original (imbalanced) FHS dataset provides 86.51% accuracy, while the support vector machine on the SMOTE (balanced) FHS dataset outperformed the other models with an accuracy of 93.07%. Also, the proposed approach of stacked generalization with cross-validation provided 97.2% accuracy on SMOTE (balanced) dataset, which is remarkable. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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D2LFS2Net:Multi-class skin lesion diagnosis using deep learning and variance-controlled Marine Predator optimisation:An application for precision medicine

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence technology 2025年第1期10卷 207-222页

作者： Veena Dillshad Muhammad Attique Khan Muhammad Nazir Oumaima Saidani Nazik Alturki Seifedine Kadry Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityByblosLebanon

In computer vision applications like surveillance and remote sensing,to mention a few,deep learning has had considerable *** imaging still faces a number of difficulties,including intra-class similarity,a scarcity of training data,and poor contrast skin lesions,notably in the case of skin *** optimisation-aided deep learningbased system is proposed for accurate multi-class skin lesion *** sequential procedures of the proposed system start with preprocessing and end with *** preprocessing step is where a hybrid contrast enhancement technique is initially proposed for lesion identification with healthy *** of flipping and rotating data,the outputs from the middle phases of the hybrid enhanced technique are employed for data augmentation in the next ***,two pre-trained deep learning models,MobileNetV2 and NasNet Mobile,are trained using deep transfer learning on the upgraded enriched ***,a dual-threshold serial approach is employed to obtain and combine the features of both *** next step was the variance-controlled Marine Predator methodology,which the authors proposed as a superior optimisation *** top features from the fused feature vector are classified using machine learning *** experimental strategy provided enhanced accuracy of 94.4%using the publicly available dataset ***,the proposed framework is evaluated compared to current approaches,with remarkable results.

关键词： contrast enhancement deep learning dermoscopic images features optimization fusion skin cancer

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