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Supervised Enhancement for Fingertip OCT Images Based on Paired Dataset Generation Strategy

IEEE Transactions on information Forensics and Security 2025年 20卷 5039-5053页

作者： Miao, Qingran Wang, Haixia Zhou, Jianru Zhang, Yilong Chen, Peng Liang, Ronghua Feng, Yuanjing Zhejiang University of technology College of Information Engineering Hangzhou China Zhejiang University of technology College of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou China

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a high-resolution, non-invasive imaging technology increasingly used for biometric data collection from fingertips. OCT captures volume data up to 3mm below the skin surface in the form of a series of B-scan images, enabling the reconstruction of internal fingerprints (IF) and internal sweat pores (ISP), thereby enhancing the security of biometric recognition. Despite the advantages, OCT images suffer from speckle noise and tissue discontinuity, making the extraction of subcutaneous biometric features challenging. Traditional hardware and software-based enhancement methods often result in over-smoothing and structural loss. Recent advancements in deep learning (DL) offer promising alternatives, with supervised DL methods showing efficacy when trained with high-quality paired datasets. However, the absence of ground-truth (GT) data makes it impossible to apply these models. This study proposes a novel supervised enhancement method for fingertip OCT images, with a paired dataset generation strategy. An OCT few-shot GAN and a Quality Estimation Module are proposed and incorporated into the strategy to realize translation from minimal GT manual augmentation to high-quality paired dataset, effectively addressing the challenge of data scarcity. A Fast Supervised Enhancement GAN (FSE-GAN) is proposed thereafter to perform simultaneous speckle noise reduction and tissue structure restoration, facilitating accurate extraction of internal fingerprints and sweat pores. Experiments demonstrate that the enhanced images significantly simplify IF and ISP extraction while achieving outstanding result quality. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Spatial attention-based hybrid VGG-SVM and VGG-RF frameworks for improved cotton leaf disease detection

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第14期37卷 8309-8329页

作者： Pandiyaraju, V. Anusha, B. Senthil Kumar, A.M. Jaspin, K. Venkatraman, Shravan Kannan, A. School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Marian Engineering College Trivandram Kerala Trivandrum India Department of Computer Science and Engineering St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Information Science and Technology College of Engineering Guindy Anna University Tamil Nadu Chennai India

The agriculture industry's production and food quality have been impacted by plant leaf diseases in recent years. Hence, it is vital to have a system that can automatically identify and diagnose diseases at an initial stage for enhancing the quality of agricultural output and also for stopping the overall plant extinction. Most state-of-the-art methods do not provide appropriate accuracy of identification when the similarity among different diseases is higher and the input leaf images have complex background. In this work, a transfer learning-based automated crop disease recognition system is proposed to handle this problem. The cotton leaf disease detection framework being proposed here includes two key stages: (1) the feature extraction stage, where the convolutional neural network (CNN) model from the visual geometry group (VGG-16) is employed to obtain the deep features from cotton leaf images with complex background. (2) Cotton leaf disease detection stage: Here, the extracted optimal features are input to the machine learning classifiers, namely random forest (RF) and nonlinear support vector machine (SVM), for the initial classification of the diseases. For providing an optimal cotton crop disease detection performance, Kaggle’s four-class cotton disease dataset with complex background is chosen in this work. For the final decision making and analysis, two hybrid models named spatial attention-based hybrid VGG-RF and hybrid VGG-SVM have been proposed in this work for enhancing the decision accuracy. These hybrid models offered an average accuracy of approximately 98.29% and 99.31%, respectively, which is higher than the accuracy provided by the related work. This proved that the proposed hybrid model, namely spatial attention-based VGG-SVM and VGG-RF models, with spatial attention outperformed the state-of-the-art classifiers. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Computationally Efficient Single Layer Transformer Convolutional Encoder for Accurate Price Prediction of Agriculture Commodities

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 82144-82159页

作者： Bundak, Caceja Elyca Anak Abd Rahman, Mohd Amiruddin Haniff, Nurin Syazwina Mohd Afrizal, Nur Syaiful Yusof, Khairul Adib Karim, Muhammad Khalis Abdul Mamat, Md. Shuhazlly Rahmat, Romi Fadillah Faculty of Science Department of Physics Serdang43400 Malaysia Universitas Sumatera Utara Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Information Technology Medan20155 Indonesia

Predicting the accurate future price of the agricultural crops is important to avoid overproduction or shortages in the food supply chain. To obtain accurate predictions, the process usually involves large and complex datasets, which would add to computational costs for developing a model with good performance. Therefore, this study introduces the single-layer Transformer Convolutional Encoder algorithm (STCE), an improved version of the traditional transformer encoder. STCE is computationally efficient and does not compromise the accuracy of the prediction. In STCE, the fully connected Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) layer is used in the transformer to get the first temporal features and record long-range dependencies with Multi-Head Attention. To minimize complexity while maintaining performance, a single dense layer is used for the output instead of the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and omit positional encoding, which leverages the natural sequence order of the time series data. Additionally, since time-series price data normally comes with missing values, this study introduce a sequence nearest neighbor imputation algorithm for anchoring that data to complement the STCE method. This study focuses on various vegetable prices, such as tomatoes, long beans, and cucumbers, with empirical validation across various prediction prices, specifically 30-day, 60-day, and 90-day predictions. Predictions made with Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) show that the STCE algorithm is better than other deep learning algorithms, even the traditional transformer encoder. STCE algorithm not only has better performance, but it also reduces the computational time in the training with 12% fewer seconds compared to the transformer encoder and 22% fewer seconds for LSTM. This study not only provides valuable insights for farmers and planners in the agriculture market but also highlights the robust potential of transforme

关键词： Crops

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An Automated Contrast Enhancement Approach for Aerial Images

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Traitement du Signal 2025年第2期42卷 607-615页

作者： Elaraby, Ahmed Elmannai, Hela Alkanhel, Reem Ibrahim Basaqr, Ahad Fahd Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley University Qena83523 Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Science Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia

Real-world applications benefit greatly from aerial imagery. Various modern applications utilizing aerial images;however, these images are often low-contrast due to imperfect atmospheric conditions and limitations in the imaging systems. Many methods exist to enhance the quality of aerial images, yet not all of them capable of producing desired results. Some may have high complexity, and others may require numerous inputs. On the other hand, it is observed that a low-contrast impact that is difficult to prevent throughout the data collection process degrades the quality of aerial images a lot. As a result, in this paper a novel method for improving aerial image contrast has been presented. Hence a two-phase approach for increasing contrast and remapping the intensities of an aerial image to its native dynamic range has been presented in this paper. Additionally, a regularization technique is provided using the two-step regularization and mapping procedures. For image quality assessment (IQA), two performance assessment metrics;measure of enhancement (EME) and Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) have been suggested to measure the quality of the results of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach increases the contrast of aerial image substantially as compared with other widely contrast enhancement methods. ©2025 The authors.

关键词： Aerial photography

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Enhancing aviation safety: Machine learning for real-time ADS-B injection detection through advanced data analysis

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Alexandria Engineering Journal 2025年 126卷 262-276页

作者： Rahman, Md. Atiqur Bhuiyan, Touhid Ali, M. Ameer Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West university Dhaka Bangladesh School of Information Technology Washington University of Science and Technology Alexandria United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangladesh University of Business and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh

Airplanes play a critical role in global transportation, ensuring the efficient movement of people and goods. Although generally safe, aviation systems occasionally encounter incidents and accidents that underscore the need for proactive risk management. This study employs machine learning to detect abnormalities in commercial aircraft operations using Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast (ADS-B) data. Given the growing reliance on ADS-B technology, concerns regarding its susceptibility to security breaches, such as injection attacks, have intensified. To address these vulnerabilities, we propose a robust ADS-B injection detection system. Employing GridSearchCV for model optimization, it effectively identifies and categorizes injection risks. The system's performance, evaluated using the ADS-B Message Injection Attacks Dataset, achieves outstanding results, including a value of 0.9970 for the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The proposed classifier also demonstrates a higher area under the curve (0.9999), specificity (0.9956), and Cohen's kappa (0.9954) than existing approaches, while achieving a lower log loss (0.0107). This research significantly enhances aviation security by introducing a highly accurate, computationally efficient, and reliable real-time detection model for ADS-B injection attacks, ensuring the integrity and resilience of modern flight control systems. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Risk management

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Poor and rich squirrel algorithm-based Deep Maxout network for credit card fraud detection

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International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing 2025年第2期28卷 123-134页

作者： Paul, Annu Paul, Varghese Department of Computer Science Alphonsa College Kottayam Kerala Pala India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajagiri School of Engineering and Technology Kerala Kochi India

This paper proposes a Poor and Rich Squirrel Algorithm (PRSA)-based Deep Maxout network to find fraud data transactions in the credit card system. Initially, input transaction data is passed to the data transformation phase, transforming data using Yeo-Johnson (YJ) transformation. Then, the feature selection procedure is done by the Fisher score for creating the unique and significant features. Next, based on the selected textures, the data augmentation mechanism is done using the oversampling model. At last, the fraud detection is carried out by the Deep Maxout network, which is trained by the proposed PRSA optimisation algorithm, derived by integrating Poor and Rich Optimisation (PRO) and Squirrel Search Algorithm (SSA). The integration of parametric features of the PRSA algorithm effectively trained the classifier to update weights to generate the best solution by considering fitness measures. The proposed method achieved the best accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity measures of 0.96, 0.95 and 0.94, respectively. Copyright © 2025 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： credit card data augmentation data transformation deep learning fraud detection

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A fully connected polarization-entangled network via integrated spontaneous four-wave mixing engineering

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第6期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 76-83页

作者： Pingyu Zhu Yan Wang Yuxing Du Miaomiao Yu Kaikai Zhang Kun Wang Ping Xu Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and TechnologyNational University of Defense Technology Hefei National Laboratory

Quantum communication is rapidly developing and is gradually being commercialized due to its technological maturity. Establishing dense communication links among multiple users in a scalable and efficient way is of great significance for realizing a large-scale quantum communication network. Here, we propose a novel scheme to construct a fully connected polarizationentangled network, utilizing the engineering of spontaneous four-wave mixings(SFWMs) and a path-polarization converter. It does not require active optical switches which limit the communication speed, or trusted nodes which lead to potential security risks. The required frequency channels in the network grow linearly with the number of users. We experimentally demonstrate a six-user fully connected network with on-chip SFWM processes motivated by four pumps. Each user in the network receives a frequency channel, and all fifteen connections between the users are implemented simultaneously. Our work opens up a promising scheme to efficiently construct fully connected large-scale networks.

关键词： quantum network quantum entanglement nonlinear optics integrated optics

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Dual-Channel Multiplex Graph Neural Networks for Recommendation

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IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 2025年第6期37卷 3327-3341页

作者： Li, Xiang Fu, Chaofan Zhao, Zhongying Zheng, Guangjie Huang, Chao Yu, Yanwei Dong, Junyu Ocean University of China Faculty of Information Science and Engineering Qingdao266005 China Shandong University of Science and Technology College of Computer Science and Engineering Qingdao266590 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai200240 China The University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Hong Kong

Effective recommender systems play a crucial role in accurately capturing user and item attributes that mirror individual preferences. Some existing recommendation techniques have started to shift their focus towards modeling various types of interactive relations between users and items in real-world recommendation scenarios, such as clicks, marking favorites, and purchases on online shopping platforms. Nevertheless, these approaches still grapple with two significant challenges: (1) Insufficient modeling and exploitation of the impact of various behavior patterns formed by multiplex relations between users and items on representation learning, and (2) ignoring the effect of different relations within behavior patterns on the target relation in recommender system scenarios. In this work, we introduce a novel recommendation framework, Dual-Channel Multiplex Graph Neural Network (DCMGNN), which addresses the aforementioned challenges. It incorporates an explicit behavior pattern representation learner to capture the behavior patterns composed of multiplex user-item interactive relations, and includes a relation chain representation learner and a relation chain-aware encoder to discover the impact of various auxiliary relations on the target relation, the dependencies between different relations, and mine the appropriate order of relations in a behavior pattern. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate that our DCMGNN surpasses various state-of-the-art recommendation methods. It outperforms the best baselines by 10.06% and 12.15% on average across all datasets in terms of Recall@10 and NDCG@10 respectively. The source code of our paper is available at https://***/lx970414/TKDE-DCMGNN. © 1989-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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A decentralized and privacy-preserving framework for electronic health records using blockchain

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Alexandria Engineering Journal 2025年 126卷 196-203页

作者： Alahmari, Saad Alshardan, Amal Al-Wesabi, Fahd N. Sorour, Shaymaa Alghushairy, Omar Alsini, Raed Khadidos, Alaa O. Duhayyim, Mesfer Al Department of Computer Science Applied College Northern Border University Arar Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Applied College at Mahayil King Khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business Administration King Faisal University Al-Ahsa31982 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems and Technology College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Jeddah Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj16273 Saudi Arabia

As healthcare services have become increasingly digitized, Electronic Health Records (EHRs) have become widely adopted, providing seamless data exchange among providers. Conventional EHRs, however, are extremely vulnerable to cyber threats because patients' sensitive data is centralized and transmitted electronically. The paper proposes a decentralized, privacy-preserving framework for managing EHRs on blockchains in order to address these security and privacy concerns. Using cryptographic techniques, such as homomorphic encryption and zero-knowledge proofs, the proposed system enhances security and ensures data integrity. Additionally, the model facilitates scalable, efficient, and secure access to patient records through the integration of cloud-based storage and blockchain. Using smart contracts, we also ensure compliance with healthcare regulations by regulating access control and authentication. As a result of performance evaluations, the proposed approach is demonstrated to be feasible, and the advantages it offers in terms of security, privacy, and efficiency are highlighted. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Electronic health record

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A novel U-net model for brain tumor segmentation from MRI images

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Alexandria Engineering Journal 2025年 126卷 220-230页

作者： Obayya, Marwa Alshuhail, Asma Mahmood, Khalid Alanazi, Meshari H. Alqahtani, Mohammed Aljehane, Nojood O. Almansour, Hamad Al-Hagery, Mohammed Abdullah Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University PO Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences & Information Technology King Faisal university Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Applied College at Mahayil King Khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Sciences Northern Border University Arar Saudi Arabia Department of Information System and Cyber Security College of Computing and Information Technology University of Bisha Bisha61922 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Technology University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia Applied Collage Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Qassim University Saudi Arabia

Segmentation of brain tumors aids in diagnosing the disease early, planning treatment, and monitoring its progression in medical image analysis. Automation is necessary to eliminate the time and variability associated with traditional segmentation methods. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and U-Net architectures have demonstrated their efficiency and effectiveness in segmenting brain tumors from MRI images using deep learning techniques. The paper presents an improved U-Net-based segmentation algorithm that integrates nested skip paths to improve encoder-decoder feature fusion. The performance of segmentation was optimized by utilizing a variety of activation functions and loss functions, including Dice Loss and Intersection over Union (IoU). A high level of accuracy was demonstrated in the proposed model when it was evaluated using the LGG Segmentation Dataset. The proposed approach for segmenting medical images has been shown to be both robust and efficient in a comparative analysis. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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