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Blockchain Enabled Metaheuristic Cluster Based Routing Model for Wireless Networks

computer Systems science & engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1233-1250页

作者： R.M.Bhavadharini S.Karthik Department of Computer Science and Engineering Easwari Engineering CollegeChennai600089India Department of Computer Science and Engineering SNS College of TechnologyCoimbatore641035India

With recent advancements made in wireless communication techniques,wireless sensors have become an essential component in both data collection as well as tracking *** Sensor Network(WSN)is an integral part of Internet of Things(IoT)and it encounters different kinds of security *** is designed as a game changer for highly secure and effective digital ***,the current research paper focuses on the design of Metaheuristic-based Clustering with Routing Protocol for Blockchain-enabled WSN abbreviated as *** proposed MCRP-BWSN technique aims at deriving a shared memory scheme using blockchain technology and determine the optimal paths to reach the destination in clustered *** MCRP-BWSN technique,Chimp Optimization Algorithm(COA)-based clustering technique is designed to elect a proper set of Cluster Heads(CHs)and organize the selected *** addition,Horse Optimization Algorithm(HOA)-based routing technique is also presented to optimally select the routes based onﬁtness ***,HOA-based routing technique utilizes blockchain technology to avail the shared mem-ory among nodes in the *** nodes are treated as coins whereas the ownership handles the sensor nodes and Base Station(BS).In order to validate the enhanced performance of the proposed MCRP-BWSN technique,a wide range of simulations was conducted and the results were examined under different *** on the performance exhibited in simulation outcomes,the pro-posed MCRP-BWSN technique has been established as a promising candidate over other existing techniques.

关键词： Wireless networks blockchain routing protocol clustering security metaheuristics

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3D brain image based tumor classification using ensemble of reinforcement transfer-based belief neural networks

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第14期84卷 14001-14028页

作者： Arora, Shraddha Lamba, Monika Department of Computer Science and Engineering The NorthCap University Haryana Gurugram India

The procedure of segmenting a brain tumour is an essential step in the field of medical image processing. In order to improve the efficacy of disease treatment choices and the likelihood of patient survival, the timely detection of a brain tumour is not only highly essential but a vital factor. For the purpose of cancer diagnosis, manually segmenting brain tumours from the large number of MRI images that are generated in clinical practice is a hard and time-consuming process. Automatic brain tumour image segmentation is a technique that absolutely has to exist. Using deep learning and machine learning architectures for segmentation and feature extraction, this research proposes a novel approach to the detection of brain tumours. In this case, the input consists of a collection of 3-D brain slice pictures that have been smoothed and with noise eliminated. After that, the picture that has been processed is segmented by using a convolutional radial function architecture that centres on contours. The segmented image features retrieval has been accomplished by the use of an ensemble of reinforcement transfer-based belief neural networks. The results of the experimental study have been completed with regard to precision, recall, accuracy, F-1 score, area under the curve, dice coefficient, and root mean square error. The strategy that was recommended was successful in achieving 97.57% accuracy, 97.15% precision, 89.37% recall, 83.56% F-1 score, 69.59% area under the curve, 63.83% dice coefficient, and 55.56% root mean square error. The sagittal, coronal, and axial planes of the pictures were shown in order to acquire the specific position of the tumour as well as its characteristics, which included its height, breadth, and depth. When it comes to the prediction of tumours, the findings of the assessment of semantic segmentation based on deep learning networks are highly positive. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Spri

关键词： Feature extraction

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SMILES2DTA: a CNN-based approach for identifying drug candidates and predicting drug-target binding affinity

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第4期37卷 2891-2910页

作者： Mukit, Hasanul Hossain, Sayeed Farabi, Mirza Milan Chowdhury, Mehrab Zaman Pritom, Ahmed Iqbal Rana, Humayan Kabir Department of Computer Science and Engineering Green University of Bangladesh Narayanganj-1461 Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Science The University of Alabama at Birmingham BirminghamAL United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Islamic University of Technology Gazipur Bangladesh

Computational approaches can speed up the drug discovery process by predicting drug-target affinity, otherwise it is time-consuming. In this study, we developed a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model named SMILES2DTA (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System to Drug-Target Affinity) for predicting the binding affinity between a drug and a target protein. The model utilizes CNNs to process sequences of both drug SMILES and target proteins. SMILES2DTA generates multiple sequences from a single drug SMILES sequence, validates them based on Lipinski’s rule of five, and assesses their binding affinity against a target protein sequence. We evaluated our model using publicly available datasets and compared its performance to state-of-the-art methods. The results showed that SMILES2DTA outperformed the existing methods and demonstrated improved accuracy, mean squared error, and area under the precision-recall curve. SMILES2DTA has the potential to speed up the drug discovery process by reducing the time and cost complexity of identifying effective drugs. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Drug discovery

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Virtual machine workload prediction using deep learning

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International Journal of Cloud Computing 2024年第6期13卷 549-565页

作者： Abhilash, C.S. Chaithra Garag, Veena Priyanka, H. Department of Computer Science and Engineering PES University Bengaluru India

This paper presents a novel approach to optimise resource allocation in virtualised systems, aiming to maximise performance and minimise operational expenses. Leveraging deep learning models, specifically long-short-term memory (LSTM) and bidirectional gated recurrent unit (bi-GRU), the method focuses on forecasting CPU load patterns in virtual machines (VMs). Accurate predictions are crucial for proactive resource management in dynamic cloud-based infrastructures. LSTM and bi-GRU excel in handling time series forecasting due to their ability to detect temporal connections in sequential data. Using pre-processed historical CPU load data, the models undergo training with hyperparameter adjustments to enhance performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed models outperform others, achieving lower average root mean square error (RMSE) values (0.05636) and mean absolute error (MAE) values (0.03721). Comparative analysis with LSTM, GRU, bi-LSTM, bi-GRU, LSTM-GRU, and bi-LSTM-GRU confirms the high predictive capabilities of LSTM and bi-GRU, with the bidirectional architecture of bi-GRU enhancing accuracy by capturing connections between previous and upcoming time steps. Copyright © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Falcon Optimization Algorithm-Based Energy Efficient Communication Protocol for Cluster-Based Vehicular Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4243-4262页

作者： Youseef Alotaibi B.Rajasekar R.Jayalakshmi Surendran Rajendran Department of Software Engineering College of ComputingUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai600119India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Panimalar Engineering CollegeChennai600123India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical ScienceChennai602105India

Rapid development in Information Technology(IT)has allowed several novel application regions like large outdoor vehicular networks for Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)*** networks give a safe and more effective driving experience by presenting time-sensitive and location-aware *** communication occurs directly between V2V and Base Station(BS)units such as the Road Side Unit(RSU),named as a Vehicle to Infrastructure(V2I).However,the frequent topology alterations in VANETs generate several problems with data transmission as the vehicle velocity differs with ***,the scheme of an effectual routing protocol for reliable and stable communications is *** research demonstrates that clustering is an intelligent method for effectual routing in a mobile ***,this article presents a Falcon Optimization Algorithm-based Energy Efficient Communication Protocol for Cluster-based Routing(FOA-EECPCR)technique in *** FOA-EECPCR technique intends to group the vehicles and determine the shortest route in the *** accomplish this,the FOA-EECPCR technique initially clusters the vehicles using FOA with fitness functions comprising energy,distance,and trust *** the routing process,the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)is derived with a fitness function that encompasses two variables,namely,energy and distance.A series of experiments have been conducted to exhibit the enhanced performance of the FOA-EECPCR *** experimental outcomes demonstrate the enhanced performance of the FOA-EECPCR approach over other current methods.

关键词： Vehicular networks communication protocol clustering falcon optimization algorithm routing

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Emotion mining for early suicidal threat detection on both social media and suicide notes using context dynamic masking-based transformer with deep learning

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第13期84卷 11729-11752页

作者： Kodati, Dheeraj Tene, Ramakrishnudu Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Warangal India

Suicide represents a poignant societal issue deeply entwined with mental well-being. While existing research primarily focuses on identifying suicide-related texts, there is a gap in the advanced detection of mental health states leading to suicidal tendencies. The purpose is to recognize the emotions influencing individuals’ mental states, potentially leading to suicidal behavior. This study seeks to identify specific emotions like anger, depression, anxiety, guilt, fear, stress, and sadness within suicide-related texts sourced from both social media and suicide notes. We introduce a novel suicide severity assessment method emphasizing emotion detection across categories like suicidal ideation, suicide planning, attempted, committed, suicide notes, describing, and cannot dare. By identifying high-intensity negative emotions, our approach enables early detection of potential suicide threats. Existing studies often struggle to capture nuances and semantic relationships, particularly in suicide-related contexts. To address this, we propose a context dynamic masking based on bidirectional long short-term memory along with a multi-head self-attention and convolutional neural network (CoDyn-BMHSA-CNN) model, capturing bidirectional contexts and maintaining variable-length sequences. Our model achieves accuracies of 98.2% and 97.4%, with F1 scores of 95.5% and 93.8% for social media and suicide note datasets, respectively. We perform ablation tests to pinpoint the key components of our proposed models. Furthermore, a thorough comparative analysis evaluates the model’s performance across various contexts and platforms. Experimental results illustrate the superior effectiveness of our model in identifying emotions from text sequences compared to state-of-the-art approaches. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Semantics

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Scalable data management in global health crises: Leveraging blockchain technology

IET Blockchain

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IET Blockchain 2024年第S1期4卷 596-615页

作者： Al Jobaid, Sakib Kabir, Upama Jahan, Mosarrat Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

Effective data management is crucial in navigating any health crisis. With proper data management protocols in place, stakeholders can swiftly adapt to evolving circumstances during challenging times. A recent event like the COVID-19 pandemic has unequivocally revealed its significance. It is essential to conduct disease surveillance, practice preventive measures, and devise policies to contain the situation. As the process involves massive data growth, it demands an acute level of oversight and control. Monitoring this vast sensitive data faces multifaceted limitations, namely data tampering, breach of privacy, and centralized data stewardship. In response to these challenges, we propose an innovative blockchain-enabled scalable data management scheme in light of the COVID-19 scenario. However, blockchain cannot scale in a large ecosystem due to storing all contents in every participating node. This work addresses this shortcoming by proposing a lightweight solution that groups nodes into clusters, resulting in less memory and processing overhead. Moreover, it adopts an off-chaining technique to reduce the memory load of every node and, thereby, the entire network. The experimental results demonstrate that it attains approximately 85% and 94% storage reduction per node and the whole network, respectively, and an 87% reduction in transaction processing time. © 2024 The Author(s). IET Blockchain published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of engineering and Technology.

关键词： COVID-19

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Wanet: weight and attention network for video summarization

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Discover Artificial Intelligence 2024年第1期4卷 5页

作者： Basu, Arpan Pramanik, Rishav Sarkar, Ram Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata India

In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based model, called Weight and Attention Network (WANet), for video summarization. The network comprises a simple multi-head attention mechanism, followed by a feed-forward network to obtain the frame importance scores. Summary keyshots are obtained from the scores using a combination of kernel temporal segmentation and the knapsack algorithm. Contrary to past methods, we first enrich the input frames with similar information as opposed to letting the model learn all the features by itself. A novel weight assignment mechanism is introduced to assign weights to the input frames based on their similarity before passing the same to the model. Experimental results on the SumMe and TVSum datasets indicate the effectiveness of the present method when compared to state-of-the-art methods applied to the same datasets. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Video recording

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Exploring Nonuniform Structure of NSRTDs for Characterizing MACA Rules in the Null-Boundary Condition

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Complex Systems 2025年第1期34卷 91-127页

作者： Hazra, Suvadip Banerjee, Som Dalui, Mamata Chakraborty, Bidesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Karnataka Dharwad58009 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology West Bengal Durgapur713209 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Haldia Institute of Technology West Bengal Haldia721657 India

The cellular automaton (CA), a discrete model, is gaining popularity in simulations and scientific exploration across various domains, including cryptography, error-correcting codes, VLSI design and test pattern generation. This paper examines a two-state three-neighborhood nonuniform finite CA with a specified number of fixed points. We utilize a graph-based tool known as the next state rule minterm transition diagram (NSRTD) to analyze the spatiotemporal behavior of these cellular automata (CAs) across all lengths. We devise methods for synthesizing nonuniform single length cycle multi-attractor CAs (MACAs), a specialized class of irreversible CA with a predefined number of fixed points for any arbitrary length. Despite the method’s exponential worstcase time complexity, it offers the advantage of selecting rules for each CA cell from a set of candidate rules, ensuring the desired number of fixed points. © 2025, Complex Systems Publications, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： cellular automata fixed-point attractor length cycle multi-attractor cellular automata MACA next state rule minterm transition diagram NSRTD

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Enhanced prediction of agricultural CO2 emission using ensemble machine learning-based imputation approach

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第36期36卷 22867-22887页

作者： Thendral, M. Sathya Abinaya, S. Devi, M. K. Kavitha Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thiagarajar College of Engineering Madurai625015 India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai600127 India

The agricultural sector contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, which cause global warming and climate change. Numerous mathematical models have been developed to predict the greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. However, the database utilized for prediction has thousands of missing values and imbalanced data records due to various factors, such as environmental disasters, sensor failure, maintenance issues, and budgetary constraints. Many researchers have either completely discarded records with missing values or have only partially addressed the issue, leading to less precise predictions. This study proposes a machine learning-based ensemble approach that uses multiple imputation by chained equations (MICE), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and MissForest techniques to impute the missing values by reducing uncertainties and improves robustness in predictions. Furthermore, Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE R) addresses data imbalance in CO2 emissions prediction by generating synthetic data to balance the target variable's distribution in the regression problem. Thereby the proposed SMOTE R and ensemble imputation approach aims to improve prediction accuracy and reliability by tackling data completeness and distribution issues simultaneously. The experiments are conducted on the GRACEnet database shows that the proposed approach outperforms the existing work in measure of R2, MAE, and RMSE metrics. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Greenhouse gas emissions

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