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Bengali reduplication generation with finite-state transducers (FSTs)

International Journal of Speech Technology 2024年第3期27卷 729-737页

作者： Barman, Abhijit Saha, Diganta Pal, Alok Ranjan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata700032 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering and Management Kolaghat721171 India

Reduplication is a highly productive process in Bengali word formation, with significant implications for various natural language processing (NLP) applications, such as parts-of-speech tagging and sentiment analysis. Despite its importance, this area has not been extensively explored in computational linguistics, especially for low-resource languages like Bengali. This study first demonstrates that a two-way finite-state transducer (FST) can effectively capture complete reduplication generation processes in Bengali. Second, it is shown that the formation of partial reduplication requires a set of 2-way FSTs due to the diverse patterns involved in Bengali partial reduplications. Third, the research highlights the utility of the reduplication generation process in identifying Bengali reduplication instances, achieving a commendable F1-Score of 88.11%. This method outperforms current state-of-the-art methods for identifying reduplicated expressions in Bengali text. This research contributes valuable insights into the computational representation of reduplication in Bengali, offering potential enhancements for NLP tasks in low-resource language scenarios. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Hyperspectral image restoration using noise gradient and dual priors under mixed noise conditions

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2025年第1期10卷 72-93页

作者： Hazique Aetesam Suman Kumar Maji V.B.Surya Prasath Computer Science and Engineering Birla Institute of Technology MesraBiharIndia Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaBiharIndia Department of Computer Science University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA

Images obtained from hyperspectral sensors provide information about the target area that extends beyond the visible portions of the electromagnetic ***,due to sensor limitations and imperfections during the image acquisition and transmission phases,noise is introduced into the acquired image,which can have a negative impact on downstream analyses such as classification,target tracking,and spectral *** in hyperspectral images(HSI)is modelled as a combination from several sources,including Gaussian/impulse noise,stripes,and *** HSI restoration method for such a mixed noise model is ***,a joint optimisation framework is proposed for recovering hyperspectral data corrupted by mixed Gaussian-impulse noise by estimating both the clean data as well as the sparse/impulse noise ***,a hyper-Laplacian prior is used along both the spatial and spectral dimensions to express sparsity in clean image ***,to model the sparse nature of impulse noise,anℓ_(1)−norm over the impulse noise gradient is *** the proposed methodology employs two distinct priors,the authors refer to it as the hyperspectral dual prior(HySpDualP)*** the best of authors'knowledge,this joint optimisation framework is the first attempt in this *** handle the non-smooth and nonconvex nature of the generalℓ_(p)−norm-based regularisation term,a generalised shrinkage/thresholding(GST)solver is ***,an efficient split-Bregman approach is used to solve the resulting optimisation *** results on synthetic data and real HSI datacube obtained from hyperspectral sensors demonstrate that the authors’proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods,both visually and in terms of various image quality assessment metrics.

关键词： hyper-laplacian prior hyperspectral images image restoration mixed noise variational approach

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Enhanced Acceleration for Generalized Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Learning

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 98-113页

作者： Hengmin Zhang Jian Yang Wenli Du Bob Zhang Zhiyuan Zha Bihan Wen School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Information Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau

Matrix minimization techniques that employ the nuclear norm have gained recognition for their applicability in tasks like image inpainting, clustering, classification, and reconstruction. However, they come with inherent biases and computational burdens, especially when used to relax the rank function, making them less effective and efficient in real-world scenarios. To address these challenges, our research focuses on generalized nonconvex rank regularization problems in robust matrix completion, low-rank representation, and robust matrix regression. We introduce innovative approaches for effective and efficient low-rank matrix learning, grounded in generalized nonconvex rank relaxations inspired by various substitutes for the ?0-norm relaxed functions. These relaxations allow us to more accurately capture low-rank structures. Our optimization strategy employs a nonconvex and multi-variable alternating direction method of multipliers, backed by rigorous theoretical analysis for complexity and *** algorithm iteratively updates blocks of variables, ensuring efficient convergence. Additionally, we incorporate the randomized singular value decomposition technique and/or other acceleration strategies to enhance the computational efficiency of our approach, particularly for large-scale constrained minimization problems. In conclusion, our experimental results across a variety of image vision-related application tasks unequivocally demonstrate the superiority of our proposed methodologies in terms of both efficacy and efficiency when compared to most other related learning methods.

关键词： Learning systems Image recognition Minimization Computational efficiency Complexity theory Matrix decomposition Optimization Image reconstruction Singular value decomposition Convergence

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Enhancing thyroid disease prediction with improved XGBoost model and bias management techniques

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Multimedia Tools and applications 2025年第16期84卷 16757-16788页

作者： Dalal, Surjeet Lilhore, Umesh Kumar Faujdar, Neetu Simaiya, Sarita Agrawal, Akshat Rani, Uma Mohan, Anand Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amity University Haryana Gurugram India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Galgotias University Uttar Pradesh Greater Noida India Department of Computer Engineering and Applications GLA University Uttar Pradesh Mathura India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Amity University Haryana Gurugram India Department of Computer Science and Engineering World College of Technology & Management Haryana Gurugram India Department of Physics Kunwar Singh College Bihar Darbhanga India

The thyroid gland, a pivotal regulator of essential physiological functions, orchestrates the production and release of thyroid hormones, playing a vital role in metabolism, growth, development, and overall bodily functions. While thyroid nodules are predominantly benign, certain cases may manifest malignancy, leading to thyroid cancer. Despite the generally favorable prognosis, early detection and intervention remain paramount for optimal outcomes. Given the limitations in clinical data, this paper introduces an innovative approach employing a modified XGBoost model that integrates both clinical and molecular properties into a unified predictive model. Utilizing fine-needle aspiration biopsies and gene expression analysis, our model aims to enhance cancer prediction in thyroid nodules. We explore the influence of incorporating high-quality clinical data on the prioritized gene set, employing a nature-inspired method for hyperparameter optimization. The modified XGBoost model emerges as highly recommended for non-parametric feature selection, extraction, and prediction due to its remarkable accuracy. Our proposed model attains an impressive 94.6% accuracy, surpassing other machine learning models such as C5.0 (92.5%), CART (88.7%), CHAID (83.4%), Quest (81.5%), LSVM (77%), and random tree (24.1%). The real-time efficiency of our model is demonstrated in the results section. Experiments showcase the superior performance of combined molecular and clinical data-based prediction models. Emphasis is placed on the importance of scrutinizing the origins of clinical data and maintaining vigilance over variable quality. This study signifies a substantial advancement in thyroid cancer prediction, offering a robust and accurate model that integrates diverse data sources, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Forecasting

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MLRT-UNet:An Efficient Multi-Level Relation Transformer Based U-Net for Thyroid Nodule Segmentation

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2025年第4期143卷 413-448页

作者： Kaku Haribabu Prasath R Praveen Joe IR Department of Computer Science and Engineering RMK College of Engineering and TechnologyTiruvallur601206India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India

Thyroid nodules,a common disorder in the endocrine system,require accurate segmentation in ultrasound images for effective diagnosis and ***,achieving precise segmentation remains a challenge due to various factors,including scattering noise,low contrast,and limited resolution in ultrasound *** existing segmentation models have made progress,they still suffer from several limitations,such as high error rates,low generalizability,overfitting,limited feature learning capability,*** address these challenges,this paper proposes a Multi-level Relation Transformer-based U-Net(MLRT-UNet)to improve thyroid nodule *** MLRTUNet leverages a novel Relation Transformer,which processes images at multiple scales,overcoming the limitations of traditional encoding *** transformer integrates both local and global features effectively through selfattention and cross-attention units,capturing intricate relationships within the *** approach also introduces a Co-operative Transformer Fusion(CTF)module to combine multi-scale features from different encoding layers,enhancing the model’s ability to capture complex patterns in the ***,the Relation Transformer block enhances long-distance dependencies during the decoding process,improving segmentation *** results showthat the MLRT-UNet achieves high segmentation accuracy,reaching 98.2% on the Digital Database Thyroid Image(DDT)dataset,97.8% on the Thyroid Nodule 3493(TG3K)dataset,and 98.2% on the Thyroid Nodule3K(TN3K)*** findings demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances the accuracy of thyroid nodule segmentation,addressing the limitations of existing models.

关键词： Thyroid nodules endocrine system multi-level relation transformer U-Net self-attention external attention co-operative transformer fusion thyroid nodules segmentation

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Registration of CT Images of Lung Using Fireworks Algorithm 1

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2nd International Conference on Human-Centric Smart Computing, ICHCSC 2023

作者： Nayak, Somen Mondal, Subhodip Obaid, Ahmed J. Department of Computer Application University of Engineering and Management Rajasthan Jaipur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Engineering and Management Rajasthan Jaipur India Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Department of Computer Science University of Kufa Najaf Iraq

ISBN: (数字)9789819977116

ISBN: (纸本)9789819977109

The acquisition of medical images from various modalities can provide a number of practical challenges that can be addressed through medical image registration. Intensity-based registration methods, which are used in multi-modal registration, merge multiple images with the same content into a single representation by applying image transformation. It is essential to edit photographs as best as you can. It is highly important to improve the similarity measure between the various photographs. We introduce a new method for registering lung’s CT image affected with COVID-19 in this work since the image registration process is fundamentally an improvement problem. Lung computed tomography image registration is a technique for aligning pre- and post-contrast images for analysis the effect of COVID-19 virus in the lung. A meta-heuristics-based optimization technique called FWA-IATF was explored for registering lung CT images. Following that, the FWA-IATF algorithm successfully registers the images. The results of registration based on the FWA-IATF method and PSO approach are compared. The results indicate that the FWA-IATF-based registration methods outperform the PSO-based registration approach while registering lung CT images. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： COVID-19

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Wide field of view large aperture meta-doublet eyepiece

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Light(science & applications) 2025年第1期14卷 167-176页

作者： Anna Wirth-Singh Johannes E.Fröch Fan Yang Louis Martin Hanyu Zheng Hualiang Zhang Quentin T.Tanguy Zhihao Zhou Luocheng Huang Demis DJohn Biljana Stamenic Juejun Hu Tian Gu Arka Majumdar Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MassachusettsLowellMAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCAUSA

Wide field of view and light weight optics are critical for advanced eyewear,with applications in augmented/virtual reality and night *** refractive lenses are often stacked to correct aberrations at a wide field of view,leading to limited performance and increased size and *** particular,simultaneously achieving a wide field of view and large aperture for light collection is desirable but challenging to realize in a compact ***,we demonstrate a wide field of view(greater than 60°)meta-optic doublet eyepiece with an entrance aperture of 2.1 *** the design wavelength of 633 nm,the meta-optic doublet achieves comparable performance to a refractive lens-based eyepiece *** meta-doublet eyepiece illustrates the potential for meta-optics to play an important role in the development of high-quality monochrome near-eye displays and night vision systems.

关键词： optics refractive illustrate

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Using DTL-MD with GANs and ResNet for Malicious Code Detection

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第14期49卷 63-78页

作者： Li, Yiming Xie, Tao Mei, Dongdong Department of Computer Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Ningxia Institute of Science and Technology Shizuishan753000 China

This study proposes a malicious code detection model DTL-MD based on deep transfer learning, which aims to improve the detection accuracy of existing methods in complex malicious code and data scarcity. In the feature extraction process, the weighted sum method of GIST and LBP features is used to combine the advantages of the two features. Online transfer learning is used to reduce the data distribution difference between the target domain and the source domain. The model uses ResNet50V2 as the backbone network and combines SimAM to enhance the feature extraction and representation capabilities. In addition, in order to further improve the robustness of detection, GAN is used to generate malicious code variants and expand the training data set. In the experiment, the public CICIDS 2017 data set is used for model training and testing. The performance test results show that when the threshold is 0.7, the accuracy of DTL-MD is 95.8% and the F1 score is 0.93. In a performance test involving 30,000 samples, the throughput of the DTL-MD model under Trojans, viruses, worms, and adware is 11, 12, 11, and 12 tasks/s, respectively, and the inference time is 211, 225, 239, and 234 samples/s, respectively. Compared with GAN, DTL-MD increases the throughput by about 10% and the inference speed by about 15%. The research aims to provide new ideas for improving the intelligence and automation level of malicious code detection technology, which has certain application value and practical significance. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Feature Selection

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HybridEdge: A Lightweight and Secure Hybrid Communication Protocol for the Edge-Enabled Internet of Things

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 3161-3178页

作者： Amjad Khan Rahim Khan Fahad Alturise Tamim Alkhalifah Department of Computer Science Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200Pakistan Department of Cybersecurity College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydahSaudi Arabia

The Internet of Things (IoT) and edge-assisted networking infrastructures are capable of bringing data processing and accessibility services locally at the respective edge rather than at a centralized module. These infrastructures are very effective in providing a fast response to the respective queries of the requesting modules, but their distributed nature has introduced other problems such as security and privacy. To address these problems, various security-assisted communication mechanisms have been developed to safeguard every active module, i.e., devices and edges, from every possible vulnerability in the IoT. However, these methodologies have neglected one of the critical issues, which is the prediction of fraudulent devices, i.e., adversaries, preferably as early as possible in the IoT. In this paper, a hybrid communication mechanism is presented where the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) predicts the legitimacy of the requesting device (both source and destination), and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) safeguards the reliability of the transmitted data over a shared communication medium, preferably through a secret shared key, i.e., , and timestamp information. A device becomes trusted if it has passed both evaluation levels, i.e., HMM and message decryption, within a stipulated time interval. The proposed hybrid, along with existing state-of-the-art approaches, has been simulated in the realistic environment of the IoT to verify the security measures. These evaluations were carried out in the presence of intruders capable of launching various attacks simultaneously, such as man-in-the-middle, device impersonations, and masquerading attacks. Moreover, the proposed approach has been proven to be more effective than existing state-of-the-art approaches due to its exceptional performance in communication, processing, and storage overheads, i.e., 13%, 19%, and 16%, respectively. Finally, the proposed hybrid approach is pruned against well-known security attacks

关键词： Internet of Things information security authentication hidden Markov model multimedia

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Threshold-Based Software-Defined Networking(SDN)Solution for Healthcare Systems against Intrusion Attacks

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1469-1483页

作者： Laila M.Halman Mohammed J.F.Alenazi Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

The healthcare sector holds valuable and sensitive *** amount of this data and the need to handle,exchange,and protect it,has been increasing at a fast *** to their nature,software-defined networks(SDNs)are widely used in healthcare systems,as they ensure effective resource utilization,safety,great network management,and *** this sector,due to the value of thedata,SDNs faceamajor challengeposed byawide range of attacks,such as distributed denial of service(DDoS)and probe *** attacks reduce network performance,causing the degradation of different key performance indicators(KPIs)or,in the worst cases,a network failure which can threaten human *** can be significant,especially with the current expansion of portable healthcare that supports mobile and wireless devices for what is called mobile health,or *** this study,we examine the effectiveness of using SDNs for defense against DDoS,as well as their effects on different network KPIs under various *** propose a threshold-based DDoS classifier(TBDC)technique to classify DDoS attacks in healthcare SDNs,aiming to block traffic considered a hazard in the form of a DDoS *** then evaluate the accuracy and performance of the proposed TBDC *** technique shows outstanding performance,increasing the mean throughput by 190.3%,reducing the mean delay by 95%,and reducing packet loss by 99.7%relative to normal,with DDoS attack traffic.

关键词： Network resilience network management attack prediction software defined networking(SDN) distributed denial of service(DDoS) healthcare

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