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IEEE Symposium on human Centric Computing Languages and Environments

作者： Kibum Kim J.M. Carroll M.B. Rosson Center for Human-Computer Interaction and Department of Computer Science Virginia Technology Blacksburg VA USA

Currently, the two main techniques for achieving personalization on the Internet involve direct manipulation and software agents. While both direct manipulation and software agents are aimed at permitting end-users to finish tasks rapidly, efficiently, and easily, their methodologies differ The central controversy involving these personalization techniques derives from the amount of control that each grants to - or withholds from - the end-user. Direct manipulation interfaces afford control and predictability to end-users. Alternatively, the use of software agents captures or records user's personalized preferences by employing artificial intelligence techniques. In this empirical study, two end-user Web personalization tools are evaluated. One of them, WebPersonalizer, is an agent-based end-user personalization tool; the other, AntWorld, is a collaborative recommendation tool which provides direct manipulation interfaces. The purpose of this study is to determine the strengths and weaknesses of each opposed technique-direct manipulation and software agents - as a Web personalization assistant. In addition, we suggest the hybrid paradigm for EUP (end-user programming).

关键词： Software agents Information retrieval Internet Intelligent agent humans Information systems computer science Centralized control Databases History

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The Design Collaboratorium

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ACM Transactions on computer-human interaction 2002年第2期9卷 152-169页

作者： Bødker, Susanne Buur, Jacob University of Aarhus Department of Computer Science Centre for Human-Machine Interaction DK-8200 Aarhus N Denmark Mads Clausen Institute for Product Innovation University of Southern Denmark DK-6400 Sønderborg Denmark

The “design collaboratorium” is a new usability practice that has been developed in an action research project between three industrial usability labs and a university. The design collaboratorium has been developed as a reaction to the failing capabilities of classical usability methods to cope with ubiquitous technologies. It has borrowed elements from participatory design and developed them further to become useful in large-scale industrial development organizations. The design collaboratorium will be presented through examples from a joint project: a vision project concerning wastewater treatment technology. In light of the case, we will discuss the philosophy underlying the design collaboratorium in further detail: the collaboration between active participants, the role of design artifacts, and the room as a meeting ground. Finally we lay out the working method and propose directions for future usability competencies. © 2002, ACM. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cooperative design Design human Factors ubiquitous and mobile technology usability practice user interface methodology

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Using HCI techniques to design a more usable programming system

Using HCI techniques to design a more usable programming sys...

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IEEE Symposium on human Centric Computing Languages and Environments

作者： J.F. Pane B.A. Myers L.B. Miller Computer Science Department and Human Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

A programming system is the user interface between the programmer and the computer. Programming is a notoriously difficult activity, and some of this difficulty can be attributed to the user interface as opposed to other factors. Historically, the designs of programming languages and tools have not emphasized usability. This paper describes the process we used to design HANDS, a new programming system for children that focuses on usability, where HCI knowledge, principles, and methods guided all design decisions. The features of HANDS are presented along with their motivations from prior empirical research on programmers and new studies conducted by the authors. HANDS is an event-based language that features a concrete model for computation, provides operators that match the way non-programmers express problem solutions, and includes domain-specific features for the creation of interactive animations and simulations. In user tests, children using HANDS performed significantly better than children using a reduced-feature version of the system where more traditional methods were required to solve tasks.

关键词： human computer interaction User interfaces Programming profession Usability Computational modeling computer interfaces computer languages Design methodology Concrete Animation

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Improving Web-based civic information access: a case study of the 50 US states

Improving Web-based civic information access: a case study o...

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International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)

作者： I. Ceaparu B. Shneiderman Department of Computer Science & Human-Computer interaction Laboratory University of Maryland College Park MD USA

An analysis of the home pages of all fifty US states reveals great variety in key design features that influence efficacy. Some states had excessively large byte counts that would slow users connected by commonly-used 56 K modems. Many web sites had low numbers of or poorly organized links that would make it hard for citizens to find what they were interested in. Features such as search boxes, privacy policies, online help, or contact information need to be added by several states. Our analysis concludes with ten recommendations and finds many further opportunities for individual states to improve their Websites. However still greater benefits will come through collaboration among the states that would lead to consistency, appropriate tagging, and common tools.

关键词： computer aided software engineering Privacy Modems Tagging Uniform resource locators Navigation Guidelines computer science laboratories Educational institutions

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‘PegLegs in Music’-Processing the Effort Generated by Levels of Expressive Gesturing in Music

‘PegLegs in Music’-Processing the Effort Generated by Leve...

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International conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, NIME 2002

作者： McElligott, Lisa Dixon, Edward Dillon, Michelle Media Lab Europe Sugar House Lane Bellevue Dublin 8 Dublin Ireland Interaction Design Centre Department of Computer Science and Information Systems University of Limerick Limerick Ireland

In this paper we discuss the possibility of augmenting existing musical performance by using a novel sensing device termed ‘PegLeg’. This device interprets the movements and motions of a musician during play by allowing the musician to manipulate a sensor in three dimensions. A force sensitive surface allows us to detect, interpret and interface the subtle but integral element of physical "effort" in music playing. This device is designed to extend the musicians control over any given instrument, granting an additional means of ‘playing’ that would previously have been impossible – granting an additional limb to extend their playing potential – a PegLeg… © 2002, Steering Committee of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression. All rights reserved.

关键词： Music

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A radial focus+context visualization for multi-dimensional functions

A radial focus+context visualization for multi-dimensional f...

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IEEE Conference on Visualization

作者： S. Jayaraman C. North Center for Human Computer Interaction Department of Computer Science Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA

The analysis of multidimensional functions is important in many engineering disciplines, and poses a major problem as the number of dimensions increases. Previous visualization approaches focus on representing three or fewer dimensions at a time. This paper presents a new focus+context visualization that provides an integrated overview of an entire multidimensional function space, with uniform treatment of all dimensions. The overview is displayed with respect to a user-controlled polar focal point in the function's parameter space. Function value patterns are viewed along rays that emanate from the focal point in all directions in the parameter space, and represented radially around the focal point in the visualization. Data near the focal point receives proportionally more screen space than distant data. This approach scales smoothly from two dimensions to 10-20, with a 1000 pixel range on each dimension.

关键词： Multidimensional systems Data visualization Performance analysis System performance human computer interaction computer science Chromium User interfaces Graphical user interfaces computer graphics

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M-Education: bridging the gap of mobile and desktop computing

M-Education: bridging the gap of mobile and desktop computin...

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IEEE International Workshop on Wireless, Mobile and Ubiquitous Technology in Education (WMUTE)

作者： U. Farooq W. Schafer M.B. Rosson J.M. Carroll Center for Human-Computer Interaction and Department of Computer Science Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA

Mobile education or M-Education is a new conceptual paradigm in the use of mobile and wireless technologies for education. M-Education encourages distributed peer collaboration over wireless devices and desktop computers to create opportunities for discovery and education in the field and community. It is a project-oriented approach that will use a wireless virtual community to facilitate the learning activities of teachers, students, and peers through collaboration in a distributed environment. M-Education is significantly different from existing mobile learning systems in that it leverages its collaborative activities from an existing desktop-based online virtual community (MOOsburg), and thus offers a range of collaboration opportunities, such as synchronous and asynchronous interactions with peers, and viewing or changes to persistent data. In this paper, an innovative use of wireless and mobile technologies in education is explored as part of a scenario-based design process.

关键词： Mobile computing Handheld computers computer science education Educational technology Online Communities/Technical Collaboration Application software Distributed computing Space technology Collaborative tools Collaborative work

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Visualization schemas for flexible information visualization

Visualization schemas for flexible information visualization

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IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (INFOVIS)

作者： C. North N. Conklin V. Saini Center for Human Computer Interaction Department of Computer Science Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA

Relational databases provide significant flexibility to organize, store, and manipulate an infinite variety of complex data collections. This flexibility is enabled by the concept of relational data schemas, which allow data owners to easily design custom databases according to their unique needs. However, user interfaces and information visualizations for accessing and utilizing databases have not kept pace with this level of flexibility. This paper introduces the concept of visualization schemas, based on the Snap-Together Visualization model, which are analogous to relational data schemas. Visualization schemas enable users to rapidly construct customized multiple-view visualizations for databases in a similarly flexible fashion without programming. Since the design of appropriate visualizations for a given database depends on the data schema, visualization schemas are a natural analogy to the data schema concept.

关键词： Data visualization Visual databases Relational databases User interfaces Database systems Design methodology human computer interaction computer science Appropriate technology Bioinformatics

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KidPad: Collaborative storytelling for children

KidPad: Collaborative storytelling for children

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Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA 2002

作者： Hourcade, Juan Pablo Bederson, Benjamin B. Druin, Allison Taxén, Gustav School of Computer Science University of Nottingham Nottingham NG8 1BB United Kingdom Human-Computer Interaction Lab. University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Center for User-Oriented IT Design Royal Institute of Technology S-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Swedish Institute of Computer Science SICS SE-164 29 Kista Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)1581134541

Collaborative storytelling occurs frequently when children play, but few efforts have been made to support it with computers. This demonstration presents KidPad, a collaborative storytelling tool that supports children creating hyperlinked stories in a large two-dimensional zoomable space. Through the use of local tools, KidPad provides children with advanced interaction techniques in a collaborative environment.

关键词： Groupware

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Forse fields – Force sensors for interactive environments 4

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4th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing, UbiComp 2002

作者： McElligott, Lisa Dillon, Michelle Leydon, Krispin Richardson, Bruce Fernström, Mikael Paradiso, Joseph A. Interaction Design Centre Department of Computer Science and Information Systems University of Limerick Ireland Media Lab Europe Sugar House Lane Bellevue Dublin Ireland MIT Media Lab CambridgeMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540442677

In this paper we discuss the development of ‘Z-Tiles’ in conjunction with a sister project, ‘Self-Organising Sensors’ (SOS). Combined, these projects will result in a pressure sensitive, self-organising, interactive sensor design that can be embedded into appropriate environments. The shared objective of these projects is to further our understanding of movement and gesture. In this paper, we discuss the design and behaviour of a force sensing material, the physical design of the sensor encasement and the software that allows the sensors to communicate and self-organise. The issues of modularity and portability are also discussed in this paper, while consideration has also been given to the conceptualisation and development of a variety of prototypes;ranging from entertainment to potential therapeutic applications. Essentially, the Z-tiles sensor can be used in control surfaces where force, weight distribution or motion is used as control parameters. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Signal processing

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