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Verb sense disambiguation based on dual distributional similarity

Natural Language Engineering 1999年第2期5卷 157-170页

作者： Cho, Jeong-Mi Seo, Jungyun Kim, Gil Chang Human & Computer Interaction Lab. Information Processing Sector Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Suwon 440-600 P.O. Box 111 United States Department of Computer Science Sogang University Seoul 121-742 Sinsu-dong Mapo-gu United States Department of Computer Science Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Taejon 305-701 373–1 Kusong-dong Yusong-gu United States

This paper presents a system for automatic verb sense disambiguation using a small corpus and a Machine-Readable Dictionary (MRD) in Korean. The system learns a set of typical uses listed in the MRD usage examples for each of the senses of a polysemous verb in the MRD definitions using verb-object co-occurrences acquired from the corpus. This paper concentrates on the problem of data sparseness in two ways. First, by extending word similarity measures from direct co-occurrences to co-occurrences of co-occurring words, we compute the word similarities using non co-occurring words but co-occurring clusters. Secondly, we acquire IS-A relations of nouns from the MRD definitions. It is possible to roughly cluster the nouns by the identification of the IS-A relationship. Using these methods, two words may be considered similar even if they do not share any word elements. Experiments show that this method can learn from a very small training corpus, achieving over an 86% correct disambiguation performance without any restriction on a word's senses. © 1999, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.

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Mandala: An architecture for using images to access and organize web information 3rd

Mandala: An architecture for using images to access and orga...

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3rd International Conference on Visual Information Systems, VISUAL 1999

作者： Helfman, Jonathan I. ATandT Labs - Research Shannon Laboratory Human Computer Interaction Department 180 Park Avenue Florham ParkNJ07932-0971 United States University of New Mexico Computer Science Department AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540660798

Mandala is a system for using images to represent, access, and organize web information. Images from a web page represent the content of the page. Double-clicking on an image signals a web browser to display the associated page. People identify groups of images visually and share them with Mandala by dragging them between windows. Groups of image representations are stored as imagemaps, making it easy to save visual bookmarks, site indexes, and session histories. Image representations afford organizations that scale better than textual displays while revealing a wealth of additional information. People can easily group related images, identify relevant images, and use images as mnemonics. Hypermedia systems that use image representations seem less susceptible to classic hypertext problems. When image representations are derived from a proxy server cache, the resulting visualizations increase cache hitrates, access to relevant resources, and resource sharing, while revealing the dynamic access patterns of a community. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999.

关键词： Websites

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I get by with a little help from my cyber-friends: Sharing stories of good and bad times on the Web

I get by with a little help from my cyber-friends: Sharing s...

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Annual Hawaii International Conference on System sciences (HICSS)

作者： M.B. Rosson Department of Computer Science and Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA

Although the use of the World Wide Web has expanded tremendously in the past few years, we still know very little about how users are working with this new medium, what they attempt to accomplish, what works, what doesn't. One way to answer such questions is to simply ask users for descriptions of their own activities. This paper presents an analysis of 133 stories of Web use contributed by users over a period of 40 months, since the Web Storybase began operation in December 1994. Usage of the Storybase is examined in general, and the stories are analyzed along several dimensions. The stories convey usage experiences that not only involve global information retrieval and person-to-person contact, but also the development of both good and bad interpersonal relationships, as well as extensive reflection on how the Web is changing our lives.

关键词： HTML Web sites Information retrieval human computer interaction computer science Reflection Internet Filling Educational institutions Companies

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Does animation help users build mental maps of spatial information?

Does animation help users build mental maps of spatial infor...

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IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (INFOVIS)

作者： B.B. Bederson A. Boltman Computer Science Department Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park MD USA College of Education Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park MD USA

We examine how animating a viewpoint change in a spatial information system affects a user's ability to build a mental map of the information in the space. We found that animation improves users' ability to reconstruct the information space, with no penalty on task performance time. We believe that this study provides strong evidence for adding animated transitions in many applications with fixed spatial data where the user navigates around the data space.

关键词： Animation Educational institutions User interfaces Electrical capacitance tomography Visualization Delay computer science computer science education Navigation humans

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Is ActiMates Barney ethical? the potential good, bad, and ugly of interactive plush toys

Is ActiMates Barney ethical? the potential good, bad, and ug...

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Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI EA 1999

作者： Fogg, B.J. Cypher, Allen Druin, Allison Friedman, Batya Strommen, Erik Persuasive Technology Lab. CSLI Stanford University Box 8338 Stanford CA 94309 United States Stagecast Software Inc. 580 College Avenue Palo Alto CA 94306 United States Human-Computer Interaction Lab. College of Education University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 United States Dept. of Mathematics and Computer Science Colby Coilege Waterville ME 04901 United States Microsoft Corporation One Microsoft Way Redmond WA 98052 United States

Interactive plush toys, such as ActiMates Barney, raise new ethical concerns that we as HCI professionals need to address and understand. This panel is designed to bring those concerns to the forefront and allow panelists and audience members to debate key issues. The panel includes people with expertise in creating interactive plush toys, creating software for children, and investigating ethical issues of technology.

关键词： Toys

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Image indexing using weighted color histogram

Image indexing using weighted color histogram

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10th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing, ICIAP 1999

作者： Park, Du-Sik Park, Jong-Seung Kim, Tae Yong Han, Joon Hee Signal Processing Lab. Samsung A.I.T. Yongin Korea Republic of Human Computing Research Dept. ETRI Taejon Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering POSTECH San 31 Hyo-Ja-Dong Pohang 790-784 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)0769500404

Image indexing is the process of image retrieval from databases of images or videos based on their contents. Specifically histogram-based algorithms are considered to be effective for color image indexing. We suggest a new method of color space quantization in the CIELUV color space, named weighted LUV quantization. With this method, each bin in the LUV space has a different weighting factor, which is applied to the histogram intersection. The weighted LUV histogram intersection provides the advantage of perceptual uniformity of the CIELUV color space. An additional advantage is the consideration of perceptual sensitivity to more saturated colors by the use of a weighting factor. © 1999 IEEE.

关键词： Image retrieval

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On the use of LSF intermodel interlacing property for spectral quantization 6

On the use of LSF intermodel interlacing property for spectr...

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6th IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding

作者： Lee, Mi Suk Kim, Hong Kook Choi, Seung Ho Lee, Hwang Soo Dept. of Electrical Eng. Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Taejon305-701 Korea Republic of ATandT Labs Research 180 Park Avenue Florham ParkNJ07932 United States Human and Computer Interaction Lab. Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Kyungki-Do449-712 Korea Republic of Central RandD Center SK Telecom 58-4 Hwaam-Dong Yusong-Gu Taejon305-348 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)0780356519

The line spectral frequencies (LSFs) extracted from successive analysis orders are interlaced with each other. This intermodel interlacing property gives a new relationship between the closeness of LSFs and their spectral sensitivities, which enables us to propose a weighting function for LSF distortion measurement. By applying the proposed weighting function to an LSF quantizer, we can achieve better performance than when using the conventional heuristic functions. Moreover, the complexity of the proposed weighting function is much lower than that of the optimal weighting function, while their performances are almost the same. © 1999 IEEE.

关键词： Spectroscopy

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Performance evaluation of speech coders for speech recognition in adverse communication environments

Performance evaluation of speech coders for speech recogniti...

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)

作者： Seung Ho Choi Hong Kook Kim Yong Duk Cho Sang Ryong Kim Hwang Soo Lee Human & Computer Interaction Laboratory Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Gyeonggi South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea AT and T Research Laboratories Florham Park NJ USA Central Research Laboratory SK Telecom Daejeon Gyeonggi South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780351231

We present the effect of several standard speech coders on speech recognition in adverse communication environments such as tandem, frame erasure, and noisy conditions. These environments were chosen to simulate the operational condition of IMT-2000. The comparative results can provide a guideline for selecting a speech coder when a speech recognition service is needed in digital communication networks.

关键词： Speech analysis Speech recognition Hidden Markov models Speech synthesis Testing Working environment noise Guidelines Digital communication Degradation human computer interaction

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On the use of LSF intermodel interlacing property for spectral quantization

On the use of LSF intermodel interlacing property for spectr...

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IEEE Workshop on Speech Coding Proceedings

作者： Mi Suk Lee Hong Kook Kim Seung Ho Choi Hwang Soo Lee Department of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea AT and T Research Laboratories Florham Park NJ USA Human & Computer Interaction Laboratory Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Gyeonggi South Korea Central R&D center SK Telecom Daejeon South Korea

关键词： Quantization Frequency Covariance matrix Distortion measurement Linear predictive coding Euclidean distance Weight measurement Polynomials Reflection humans

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Elastic windows: design, implementation, and evaluation of multi-window operations

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Software: Practice and Experience 1999年第3期28卷

作者： Eser Kandogan Ben Shneiderman Department of Computer Science Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory MD 20742 U.S.A. Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 U.S.A.

Most windowing systems follow the independent overlapping windows approach, which emerged as an answer to the needs of early computer users. Due to advances in computers, display technology, and increased information needs, modern users demand more functionality from window management systems. We propose Elastic Windows with improved spatial layout and rapid multi-window operations as an alternative to current window management strategies. In this approach, multi-window operations are achieved by issuing operations on window groups hierarchically organized in a space-filling tiled layout similar to TreeMaps. 1 Sophisticated multi-window operations have been developed to handle fast task-switching and to structure the work environment of users to their rapidly changing needs. We claim that these multi-window operations and the tiled spatial layout dynamics decrease the cognitive load on users by decreasing the number of window operations. This paper describes the Elastic Windows interface in detail and then presents a user study conducted to compare the performance of 12 users with Elastic Windows and traditional Independent Overlapping Windows. User performance was measured in terms of task environment setup, switching, and task execution for 2, 6, and 12 window situations. Elastic Windows users had statistically significantly faster performance for all tasks in 6 and 12 window situations. These results suggest promising possibilities for multiple window operations and hierarchical nesting, which can be applied to the next generation of tiled as well as overlapped window managers. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： window management multi-window operations hierarchical windows personal role management world wide web windowing system evaluation

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