A multiagent system should be capable of fast and flexible decision-making to successfully manage the uncertainty, variability, and dynamic change encountered when operating in the real world. Decision-making is fast ...
A multiagent system should be capable of fast and flexible decision-making to successfully manage the uncertainty, variability, and dynamic change encountered when operating in the real world. Decision-making is fast if it breaks indecision as quickly as indecision becomes costly. This requires fast divergence away from indecision in addition to fast convergence to a decision. Decision-making is flexible if it adapts to signals important to successful operation, even if they are weak or rare. This requires tunable sensitivity to input for modulating regimes in which the system is ultrasensitive and in which it is robust. Nonlinearity and feedback in the decision-making process are necessary to meeting these requirements. This article reviews theoretical principles, analytical results, related literature, and applications of decentralized nonlinear opinion dynamics that enable fast and flexible decision-making among multiple options for multiagent systems interconnected by communication and belief system networks. The theory and tools provide a principled and systematic means for designing and analyzing decision-making in systems ranging from robot teams to social networks.
Large-scale open distributed systems provide an infrastructure for assembling global applications on the basis of software and hardware components originating from multiple sources. Open systems rely on publicly avail...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783540487494
ISBN:
(纸本)9783540661306
Large-scale open distributed systems provide an infrastructure for assembling global applications on the basis of software and hardware components originating from multiple sources. Open systems rely on publicly available standards to permit heterogeneous components to interact. The Internet is the archetype of a large-scale open distributed system; standards such as HTTP, HTML, and XML, together with the widespread adoption of the Java language, are the cornerstones of many distributed systems. This book surveys security in large-scale open distributed systems by presenting several classic papers and a variety of carefully reviewed contributions giving the results of new research and development. Part I provides background requirements and deals with fundamental issues in trust, programming, and mobile computations in large-scale open distributed systems. Part II contains descriptions of general concepts, and Part III presents papers detailing implementations of security concepts.
Where is system architecture heading? The special interest group on computer and systems Architecture (Fachausschuss Rechner- und Systemarchitektur) of the German computer and information technology associations GI an...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783540247142
ISBN:
(纸本)9783540212386
Where is system architecture heading? The special interest group on computer and systems Architecture (Fachausschuss Rechner- und Systemarchitektur) of the German computer and information technology associations GI and ITG a- ed this question and discussed it during two Future Workshops in 2002. The result in a nutshell: Everything will change but everything else will remain. Future systems technologies will build on a mature basis of silicon and IC technology,onwell-understoodprogramminglanguagesandsoftwareengineering techniques, and on well-established operating systems and middleware concepts. Newer and still exotic but exciting technologies like quantum computing and DNA processing are to be watched closely but they will not be mainstream in the next decade. Although there will be considerable progress in these basic technologies, is there any major trend which uni?es these diverse developments? There is a common denominator – according to the result of the two - ture Workshops – which marks a new quality. The challenge for future systems technologies lies in the mastering of complexity. Rigid and in?exible systems, built under a strict top-down regime, have reached the limits of manageable complexity, as has become obvious by the recent failure of several large-scale projects. Nature is the most complex system we know, and she has solved the problem somehow. We just haven’t understood exactly how nature does it. But it is clear that systems designed by nature, like an anthill or a beehive or a swarm of birds or a city, are di?erent from today’s technical systems that have beendesignedbyengineersandcomputerscientists.
Why are the many highly capable autonomous robots that have been promised for novel applications driven by society, industry, and research not available - day despite the tremendous progress in robotics science and sy...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783642173196
ISBN:
(纸本)9783642173189
Why are the many highly capable autonomous robots that have been promised for novel applications driven by society, industry, and research not available - day despite the tremendous progress in robotics science and systems achieved during the last decades? Unfortunately, steady improvements in speci?c robot abilities and robot hardware have not been matched by corresponding robot performance in real world environments. This is mainly due to the lack of - vancements in robot software that master the development of robotic systems of ever increasing complexity. In addition, fundamental open problems are still awaiting sound answers while the development of new robotics applications s- fersfromthelackofwidelyusedtools,libraries,andalgorithmsthataredesigned in a modular and performant manner with standardized interfaces. Simulation environments are playing a major role not only in reducing development time and cost, e. g. , by systematic software- or hardware-in-the-loop testing of robot performance, but also in exploring new types of robots and applications. H- ever,their use may still be regardedwith skepticism. Seamless migrationof code using robot simulators to real-world systems is still a rare circumstance, due to the complexity of robot, world, sensor, and actuator modeling. These challenges drive the quest for the next generation of methodologies and tools for robot development. The objective of the International Conference on Simulation, Modeling, and programmingforAutonomous Robots (SIMPAR) is to o?er a unique forum for these topics and to bring together researchersfrom academia and industry to identify and solve the key issues necessary to ease the development of increasingly complex robot software.
Mathematical and statistical models have played important roles in neuroscience, especially by describing the electrical activity of neurons recorded individually, or collectively across large networks. As the field m...
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Mathematical and statistical models have played important roles in neuroscience, especially by describing the electrical activity of neurons recorded individually, or collectively across large networks. As the field moves forward rapidly, new challenges are emerging. For maximal effectiveness, those working to advance computational neuroscience will need to appreciate and exploit the complementary strengths of mechanistic theory and the statistical paradigm.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-conference proceedings of two consecutive International Workshops on Learning Classifier systems that took place in Seattle, WA, USA in July 2006, and in London...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783540881384
ISBN:
(纸本)9783540881377
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-conference proceedings of two consecutive International Workshops on Learning Classifier systems that took place in Seattle, WA, USA in July 2006, and in London, UK, in July 2007 - all hosted by the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO. The 14 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from the workshop contributions. The papers are organized in topical sections on knowledge representation, analysis of the system, mechanisms, new directions, as well as applications.
Since its inception in 1997, RoboCup has developed into a truly unique and long-standing research community advancing robotics and artificial intelligence through various challenges, benchmarks, and test fields. The m...
Since its inception in 1997, RoboCup has developed into a truly unique and long-standing research community advancing robotics and artificial intelligence through various challenges, benchmarks, and test fields. The main purposes of this article are to evaluate the research and development achievements so far and to identify new challenges and related new research issues. Unlike other robot competitions and research conferences, RoboCup eliminates the boundaries between pure research activities and the development of full system designs with hardware and software implementations at a site open to the public. It also creates specific scientific and technological research and development challenges to be addressed. In this article, we provide an overview of RoboCup, including its league structure and related research issues. We also review recent studies across several research categories to show how participants (called RoboCuppers) address the research and development challenges before, during, and after the annual competitions. Among the diversity of research issues, we highlight two unique aspects of the challenges: the platform design of the robots and the game evaluations. Both of these aspects contribute to solving the research and development challenges of RoboCup and verifying the results from a common perspective (i.e., a more objective view). Finally, we provide concluding remarks and discuss future research directions.
The idea of creating the European Dependable Computing Conference (EDCC) was born at the moment when the Iron Curtain fell. A group of enthusiasts, who were pre viously involved in research and teaching in the ?eld of...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783540482543
ISBN:
(纸本)9783540664833
The idea of creating the European Dependable Computing Conference (EDCC) was born at the moment when the Iron Curtain fell. A group of enthusiasts, who were pre viously involved in research and teaching in the ?eld of fault tolerant computing in different European countries, agreed that there is no longer any point in keeping pre viously independent activities apart and created a steering committee which took the responsibility for preparing the EDCC calendar and appointing the chairs for the in dividual conferences. There is no single European or global professional organization that took over the responsibility for this conference, but there are three national in terest groups that sent delegates to the steering committee and support its activities, especially by promoting the conference materials. As can be seen from these materi als, they are the SEE Working Group “Dependable Computing” (which is a successor organizationof AFCET)in France,theGI/ITG/GMATechnicalCommitteeonDepend ability and Fault Tolerance in Germany, and the AICA Working Group “Dependability of computersystems” in Italy. In addition, committees of several global professional organizations, such as IEEE and IFIP, support this conference. Prague has been selected as a conference venue for several reasons. It is an easily accessible location that may attract many visitors by its beauty and that has a tradition in organizing international events of this kind (one of the last FTSD conferences took place here).
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