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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Kuiyu Gao, Zhen Chen, Sheng Ning, Boyu Chen, Gaojie Su, Yu Wang, Zhaocheng Poor, H. Vincent Beijing100081 China The School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom The National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China The 5GIC & 6GIC Institute for Communication Systems University of Surrey GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom The China Mobile Chengdu Institute of Research and Development Chengdu610000 China The Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China The Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States

Acquiring accurate channel state information (CSI) at an access point (AP) is challenging for wideband millimeter wave (mmWave) ultra-massive multiple-input and multiple-output (UM-MIMO) systems, due to the high-dimensional channel matrices, hybrid near- and far- field channel feature, beam squint effects, and imperfect hardware constraints, such as low-resolution analog-to-digital converters, and in-phase and quadrature imbalance. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes an efficient downlink channel estimation (CE) and CSI feedback approach based on knowledge and data dual-driven deep learning (DL) networks. Specifically, we first propose a data-driven residual neural network de-quantizer (ResNet-DQ) to pre-process the received pilot signals at user equipment (UEs), where the noise and distortion brought by imperfect hardware can be mitigated. A knowledge-driven generalized multiple measurement vector learned approximate message passing (GMMV-LAMP) network is then developed to jointly estimate the channels by exploiting the approximately same physical angle shared by different subcarriers. In particular, two wideband redundant dictionaries (WRDs) are proposed such that the measurement matrices of the GMMV-LAMP network can accommodate the far-field and near-field beam squint effect, respectively. Finally, we propose an encoder at the UEs and a decoder at the AP by a data-driven CSI residual network (CSI-ResNet) to compress the CSI matrix into a low-dimensional quantized bit vector for feedback, thereby reducing the feedback overhead substantially. Simulation results show that the proposed knowledge and data dual-driven approach outperforms conventional downlink CE and CSI feedback methods, especially in the case of low signal-to-noise ratios. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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Double-free-layer stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions with synthetic antiferromagnets

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Physical Review Applied 2024年第5期21卷 054002-054002页

作者： Kemal Selcuk Shun Kanai Rikuto Ota Hideo Ohno Shunsuke Fukami Kerem Y. Camsari Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA Research Institute of Electrical Communication Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6 Aramaki Aza Aoba Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR) Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics (CSIS) Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Kawaguchi 332-0012 Japan Division for the Establishment of Frontier Sciences of Organization for Advanced Studies at Tohoku University Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Takasaki 370-1207 Japan Center for Innovative Integrated Electronic Systems (CIES) Tohoku University 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba Aoba-ku Sendai 980-0845 Japan Inamori Research Institute of Science (InaRIS) Kyoto 600-8411 Japan

Stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions (SMTJs) using low-barrier nanomagnets have shown promise as fast, energy-efficient, and scalable building blocks for probabilistic computing. Despite recent experimental and theoretical progress, SMTJs exhibiting the ideal characteristics necessary for probabilistic bits (p-bits) are still lacking. Ideally, the SMTJs should have (a) voltage bias independence, preventing read disturbance; (b) uniform randomness in the magnetization angle between the two magnetic layers; and (c) fast fluctuations without requiring external magnetic fields, while being robust to magnetic field perturbations. Here, we propose a design that satisfies all of these requirements, using double-free-layer SMTJs with synthetic antiferromagnets (SAFs). We evaluate the proposed SMTJ design with experimentally benchmarked spin-circuit models, accounting for transport physics, coupled with the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for magnetization dynamics. We find that the use of low-barrier SAF layers reduces dipolar coupling, achieving uncorrelated fluctuations at zero-magnetic field, surviving up to diameters exceeding D≈100nm if the nanomagnets can be made thin enough (≈1–2nm). The double-free-layer structure retains bias independence and the circular nature of the nanomagnets provides near-uniform randomness with fast fluctuations. Combining our full SMTJ model with advanced transistor models, we estimate the energy to generate a random bit to be about 3.6fJ, with fluctuation rates of about 3.3GHz per p-bit. Our results will guide the experimental development of superior stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions for large-scale and energy-efficient probabilistic computation for problems relevant to machine learning and artificial intelligence.

关键词： Machine learning Neuromorphic computing Probabilistic computing Spintronics Stochastic processes Devices for digital logic, storage & processing Magnetic tunnel junctions Synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayers

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LPV-Fuzzy control approach for road adaptive semi-active suspension system

LPV-Fuzzy control approach for road adaptive semi-active sus...

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IEEE Symposium on Intelligent Vehicle

作者： Hakan Basargan Andrá s Mihá ly Pé ter Gá spá r Oliver Sename Department of Control for Transportation and Vehicle Systems BME Stoczek u. 2 Budapest Hungary Systems and Control Laboratory Institute for Computer Science and Control (SZTAKI) E&#x00F6 tv&#x00F6 s Lor&#x00E1 nd Research Network (ELKH) Kende utca 13-17 Budapest Hungary GIPSA-lab INPG Universit&#x00E9 Grenoble Alpes 11 Rue des Math&#x00E9 matiques Grenoble France

This paper proposed a road adaptive semi-active suspension control method, where a trade-off between driving comfort and vehicle stability/road-holding is accomplishable in order to achieve desirable performance results at different road irregularities and velocities by modifying the scheduling variable that is designed by Fuzzy Logic Control. The proposed semi-active controller is founded on the Linear Parameter-Varying framework. Hungarian highway route data has been implemented into the TruckSim simulation environment based on real geographical data having road irregularities in order to compare the proposed adaptive method with a non-adaptive scenario. Simulation results show that all performances have been improved with the proposed method in different road irregularities and velocities.

关键词： Fuzzy logic Suspensions (mechanical systems) Adaptation models Adaptive systems Intelligent vehicles Roads Simulation

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The Age of Generative AI and AI-Generated Everything

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Zhang, Ping Cui, Shuguang Shen, Xuemin Mao, Shiwen Han, Zhu Jamalipour, Abbas Vincent Poor, H. Kim, Dong In School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT Ministry of Education Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Smart Discrete Manufacturing Guangzhou510006 China Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore487372 Singapore State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849-5201 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston HoustonTX77004 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney SydneyNSW2006 Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

Generative AI (GAI) has emerged as a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, renowned for its language and image generation capabilities. This paper presents "AIGenerated Everything" (AIGX), a concept that extends GAI beyond mere content creation to real-time adaptation and control across diverse technological domains. In networking, AIGX collaborates closely with physical, data link, network, and application layers to enhance real-time network management that responds to various system and service settings as well as application and user requirements. Networks, in return, serve as crucial components in further AIGX capability optimization through the AIGX lifecycle, i.e., data collection, distributed pre-training, and rapid decision-making, thereby establishing a mutually enhancing interplay. Moreover, we offer an in-depth case study focused on power allocation to illustrate the interdependence between AIGX and networking systems. Through this exploration, the article analyzes the significant role of GAI for networking, clarifies the ways networks augment AIGX functionalities, and underscores the virtuous interactive cycle they form. This article paves the way for subsequent future research aimed at fully unlocking the potential of GAI and networks. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Decision making

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A Fuzzy Group Decision Making Method with Positive and Negative Comparisons in the Ahp Method

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Song, Mingli Gu, Zehao Pedrycz, Witold Liu, Wen School of Computer and Cyber Sciences Communication University of China Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence and Communication Communication University of China Beijing China School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6R 2G7 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland

In this article, we are concerned with developing a comprehensive fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)-based Group Decision Making (GDM) framework. Traditional AHP- based GDM models assume all decision maker express their comparisons using nine integers (using the scale of integers {1, 2, 3, …, 9}) which ignores measuring the comprehensiveness of thinking of a certain decision maker since he/she only displays own positive comparisons. In contrast, negative comparisons together with positive ones compel decision makers to balance more factors thereby increasing the individual’s consistency. We construct a corresponding positive-negative comparisons based GDM framework that simultaneously incorporates fuzzy terms and weight distribution mechanisms. The key feature of this study is to develop a sound design framework by considering human beings’ variability and the ambiguity of linguistic terms in GDM and provide an initially different evaluation strategy and carry out its subsequent analysis framework. A fuzzy Geometric Consistency Index (GCI) test is designed to evaluate the consistency of fuzzy AHP problems. Meanwhile, Tucker's congruence coefficient (TCC) method is used to dynamically evaluate the importance level of each decision maker before aggregation. Some illustrative examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Miti-DETR: Object Detection based on Transformers with Mitigatory Self-Attention Convergence

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Ma, Wenchi Zhang, Tianxiao Wang, Guanghui Machine Learning Group Rekor Systems Inc. ColumbiaMD21046 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Kansas LawrenceKS66045 United States Department of Computer Science Ryerson University TorontoONM5B 2K3 Canada

Object Detection with Transformers (DETR) and related works reach or even surpass the highly-optimized FasterRCNN baseline with self-attention network architectures. Inspired by the evidence that pure self-attention possesses a strong inductive bias that leads to the transformer losing the expressive power with respect to network depth, we propose a transformer architecture with a mitigatory self-attention mechanism by applying possible direct mapping connections in the transformer architecture to mitigate the rank collapse so as to counteract feature expression loss and enhance the model performance. We apply this proposal in object detection tasks and develop a model named Miti-DETR. Miti-DETR reserves the inputs of each single attention layer to the outputs of that layer so that the "non-attention" information has participated in any attention propagation. The formed residual self-attention network addresses two critical issues: (1) stop the self-attention networks from degenerating to rank-1 to the maximized degree;and (2) further diversify the path distribution of parameter update so that easier attention learning is expected. Miti-DETR significantly enhances the average detection precision and convergence speed towards existing DETR-based models on the challenging COCO object detection dataset. Moreover, the proposed transformer with the residual self-attention network can be easily generalized or plugged in other related task models without specific customization. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Network architecture

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Automatic Context-Driven Inference of Engagement in HMI: A Survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Salam, Hanan Celiktutan, Oya Gunes, Hatice Chetouani, Mohamed SMART Lab New York University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Engineering King’s College LondonWC2R 2LS United Kingdom Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Cambridge CB3 0FD United Kingdom Institute of Intelligent Systems and Robotics CNRS UMR7222 Sorbonne University Paris France

An integral part of seamless human-human communication is engagement, the process by which two or more participants establish, maintain, and end their perceived connection. Therefore, to develop successful human-centered human-machine interaction applications, automatic engagement inference is one of the tasks required to achieve engaging interactions between humans and machines, and to make machines attuned to their users, hence enhancing user satisfaction and technology acceptance. Several factors contribute to engagement state inference, which include the interaction context and interactants’ behaviours and identity. Indeed, engagement is a multi-faceted and multi-modal construct that requires high accuracy in the analysis and interpretation of contextual, verbal and non-verbal cues. Thus, the development of an automated and intelligent system that accomplishes this task has been proven to be challenging so far. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on previous work in engagement inference for human-machine interaction, entailing interdisciplinary definition, engagement components and factors, publicly available datasets, ground truth assessment, and most commonly used features and methods, serving as a guide for the development of future human-machine interaction interfaces with reliable context-aware engagement inference capability. An in-depth review across embodied and disembodied interaction modes, and an emphasis on the interaction context of which engagement perception modules are integrated sets apart the presented survey from existing surveys. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surveys

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Hardware Implementation of a Two-dimensional Fractional Map with Hidden Attractors

Hardware Implementation of a Two-dimensional Fractional Map ...

引用

International Conference on Fractional Differentiation and Its Applications (ICFDA)

作者： Adel Ouannas Amina Aicha Khennaoui Giuseppe Grassi Viet-Thanh Pham Zohir Dibi Shaher Momani Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Oum El-Bouaghi Oum El Bouaghi Algeria TLSI Department NTIC Faculty University of Constantine 2 Constantine Algeria Dipartimento Ingegneria Innovazione Universita del Salento Lecce Italy Nonlinear Systems and Applications Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ton DucThang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam University of Oum El-Bouaghi Oum El Bouaghi Algeria Department of Mathematics and Sciencesi College of Humanities and Sciences Ajman University Ajman UAE

Several efforts have been recently devoted to the hardware implementations of fractional systems. This manuscript makes a contribution to the topic by introducing the first example of hardware implementation of a 2D fractional map with hidden. Specifically, the paper presents first a new class of two-dimensional fractional map with no equilibruim points using the Grunwald-Letnikov difference operator. Then, the system dynamics are analyzed via numerical simulation, such as bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents and phase portraits. Finally, the paper illustrates a hardware implementation of the 2D fractional map via a microcontroller, with the aim to show the real presence of chaotic hidden attractors in physical systems described by non-integer order maps.

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Water consumption and biodiversity:Responses to global emergency events

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science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2632-2646页

作者： Dandan Zhao Junguo Liu Laixiang Sun Klaus Hubacek Stephan Pfister Kuishuang Feng Heran Zheng Xu Peng Daoping Wang Hong Yang Lei Shen Fei Lun Xu Zhao Bin Chen Marko Keskinen Shaohui Zhang Jialiang Cai Olli Varis Water&Development Research Group Department of Built EnvironmentAalto UniversityEspoo 15200Finland School of Water Conservancy North China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerZhengzhou 450046China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege Park 20742USA School of Finance and Management SOASUniversity of LondonLondon WC1H0XGUK Integrated Research on Energy Environment and SocietyEnergy and Sustainability Research Institute GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningen 9747AGthe Netherlands ETH Zurich Institute of Environmental EngineeringZurich 8093Switzerland The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College LondonLondon WC1E6BTUK School of Business Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Department of Computer Science and Technology University of CambridgeCambridge CB21TNUK w2e Environmental Consulting GmbH Duebendorf 8600Switzerland Key Laboratory for Resource Use and Environmental Remediation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Institute of Blue and Green Development Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Fudan Tyndall Center Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Economics and Management Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg A-2361Austria

Given that it was a once-in-a-century emergency event,the confinement measures related to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused diverse disruptions and changes in life and work *** changes significantly affected water consumption both during and after the pandemic,with direct and indirect consequences on ***,there has been a lack of holistic evaluation of these ***,we propose a novel framework to study the impacts of this unique global emergency event by embedding an environmentally extended supply-constrained global multi-regional input-output model(MRIO)into the drivers-pressure-state-impact-response(DPSIR)*** framework allowed us to develop scenarios related to COVID-19 confinement measures to quantify country-sector-specific changes in freshwater consumption and the associated changes in biodiversity for the period of *** results suggest progressively diminishing impacts due to the implementation of COVID-19 vaccines and the socio-economic system’s self-adjustment to the new *** 2020,the confinement measures were estimated to decrease global water consumption by about 5.7% on average across all scenarios when compared with the baseline level with no confinement ***,such a decrease is estimated to lead to a reduction of around 5% in the related pressure on *** the interdependencies and interactions across global supply chains,even those countries and sectors that were not directly affected by the COVID-19 shocks experienced significant impacts:Our results indicate that the supply chain propagations contributed to 79% of the total estimated decrease in water consumption and 84%of the reduction in biodiversity loss on *** study demonstrates that the MRIO-enhanced DSPIR framework can help quantify resource pressures and the resultant environmental impacts across supply chains when facing a global emergency ***,we recommend the development o

关键词： Global emergency events Water-biodiversity causal effect COVID-19 Biodiversity MRIO-enhanced DPSIR framework Supply-chain network High-resolution water consumption dataset Supply-constrained multi-regional input-output(mixed MRIO)model

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Diagnosability of labeled Dp-automata

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhang, Kuize Raisch, Jörg Department of Computer Science University of Surrey GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom Control Systems Group Technische Universität Berlin BerlinD-10587 Germany

In this paper, we formulate a notion of diagnosability for labeled weighted automata over a class of dioids which admit both positive and negative numbers as well as vectors. The weights can represent diverse physical meanings such as time elapsing and position deviations. We also develop an original tool called concurrent composition to verify diagnosability for such automata. These results are fundamentally new compared with the existing ones in the literature. In a little more detail, diagnosability is characterized for a labeled weighted automaton ADp over a special dioid Dp called progressive, which can represent diverse physical meanings such as time elapsing and position deviations. In a progressive dioid, the canonical order is total, there is at least one eventually dominant element, there is no zero divisor, and the cancellative law is satisfied, where the functionality of an eventually dominant element t is to make every nonzero element a arbitrarily large by multiplying a by t for sufficiently many times. A notion of diagnosability is formulated for ADp. By developing a notion of concurrent composition, a necessary and sufficient condition is given for diagnosability of automaton ADp. It is proven that the problem of computing the concurrent composition for an automaton AQ is NP-complete, then the problem of verifying diagnosability of AQ is proven to be coNP-complete, where the NP-hardness and coNP-hardness results even hold for deterministic, deadlock-free, and divergence-free automaton AN, where Q and N are the max-plus dioids having elements in Q Y t´8u and N Y t´8u, respectively. Several extensions of the main results have also been obtained. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hardness

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