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Reliable distributed systems

作者： Hans P. Reiser Jorg Domaschka Franz J. Hauck Rudiger Kapitza Wolfgang Schroder-Preikschat Distributed Systems Laboratory Faculty of Computer Science University of Ulm (EBS) Germany Germany Department of Distributed Systems and Operating Systems University Erlangen-Nuünberg Germany

Determinism is mandatory for replicating distributed objects with strict consistency guarantees. Multithreaded execution of method invocations is a source of nondeterminism, but helps to improve performance and avoids deadlocks that nested invocations can cause in a single-threaded execution model. This paper contributes a novel algorithm for deterministic thread scheduling based on the interception of synchronisation statements. It assumes that shared data are protected by mutexes and client requests are sent to all replicas in total order; requests are executed concurrently as long as they do not issue potentially conflicting synchronisation operations. No additional communication is required for granting locks in a consistent order in all replicas. In addition to reentrant mutex locks, the algorithm supports condition variables and time-bounded wait operations. An experimental evaluation shows that, in some typical usage patterns of distributed objects, the algorithm is superior to other existing approaches

关键词： Yarn System recovery Scheduling algorithm Frequency synchronization computer science operating systems Protection Multicast protocols computer crashes Concurrent computing

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Puma: An aspect-oriented code analysis and manipulation framework for C and C++

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2011年 6580卷 141-162页

作者： Urban, Matthias Lohmann, Daniel Spinczyk, Olaf Pure-Systems GmbH Magdeburg Germany Computer Science 4 Distributed Systems and Operating Systems Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen Nuremberg Germany Computer Science 12 Embedded System Software Technische Universität Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642220302

Puma is a framework for the development of applications that analyze and optionally transform C or C++ source code. It supports all standard ISO C and C++ language features as well as many language extensions of the GNU Compiler Collection and Microsoft Visual C++. Aspects played an important role during the design and implementation of the framework. It is written in the AspectC++ language. By employing AOSD concepts we gained clean separation of concerns and, thereby, very good configurability and extensibility. All these -ilities are of vital importance for our project, because the available manpower for maintenance tasks is limited. This paper describes the tools, which we used for the development, the principles behind the design of Puma, and its implementation. Even though criticized during the last few years, our experiences show that aspect technology has clear benefits for the development of complex industrial applications. © 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Visual languages

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distributed channel assignment for multi-radio wireless mesh networks

Distributed channel assignment for multi-radio wireless mesh...

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IEEE Symposium on computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Sadeq Ali Makram Mesut Gunes Department of Computer Science Distributed embedded Systems Berlin Germany Department of Computer Science Communication and Distributed Systems Informatik 4 RWTH Aachen University Germany

Wireless mesh networks are a special kind of ad hoc networks in which most nodes are static. The application purpose of wireless mesh networks is also different than that of ad hoc networks and is focused on broadband access services to the Internet. Recent studies have shown that nodes in a wireless mesh network have to be equipped with several radio interfaces for high performance. However, one of the challenges that still faces high performance wireless mesh networks is the capacity reduction due to interference of wireless links. In this paper, we address the problem of assigning channels to nodes in wireless mesh networks. For this, we propose and study the cluster channel assignment (CCA) approach with the goal of reducing the network interference to increase the overall network performance.

关键词： Interference Integrated circuits Clustering algorithms Wireless communication Wireless mesh networks Ad hoc networks Distance measurement

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Channel assignment for multi-radio wireless mesh networks using clustering

Channel assignment for multi-radio wireless mesh networks us...

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International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)

作者： Sadeq Ali Makram Mesut Gunes Department of Computer Science Communication and Distributed Systems Informatik 4 RWTH Aachen University Germany Department of Computer Science Distributed Center for Embedded Computer Systems Berlin Germany

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are an emerging technology which provides broadband wireless access services. One of the challenges that still faces high performance WMNs is the capacity reduction due to interference of wireless links. In this paper, we address the problem of assigning channels to nodes in WMNs. For this, we introduce the cluster channel assignment (CCA) approach with the objective of reducing network interference to increase the overall network performance. A clustering approach is employed in order to reduce the complexity of channel assignment into local problems within clusters and taking the advantage of the possibility to reuse the channels in different clusters.

关键词： Interference Clustering algorithms Load modeling Peer to peer computing Wireless mesh networks Wireless networks Throughput

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A middleware for location-based mobile applications with privacy protection 08

A middleware for location-based mobile applications with pri...

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10th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications and Services, iiWAS 2008

作者： Jorns, Oliver Quirchmayr, Gerald Research Centre Telecommunication Vienna Donau-City Strasse 1 1220 Vienna Austria University of Vienna Faculty of Computer Science Department of Distributed and Multimedia Systems Liebiggasse 4/4-6 A-1010 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781605583495

Network operators gradually open their interfaces to formerly hidden services. This fosters the development of a new class of mobile applications that take into account context information such as the location of users. However, the development of location-based services also raises the issue of users location-privacy. In this paper we introduce a service architecture that aims to overcome some of the shortages of currently existing context-aware applications by applying a novel pseudonym based privacy enhancing mechanism that is based on the notion of pseudonyms. This mechanism can even be applied on legacy mobile devices with restricted memory or processing power. Due to its flexibility many different kinds of applications are conceivable. One of the most important aspects in this respect is the highly postulated pay-as-you-go model. To illustrate our approach we demonstrate a transport ticket application that is extended by location-tracking functionality. © 2008 ACM.

关键词： Location based services

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Analyzing the Effect of Taproot on Bitcoin Deanonymization

Analyzing the Effect of Taproot on Bitcoin Deanonymization

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International Conference on distributed Computing systems Workshop

作者： Felix Kleinwort Wolf Posdorfer Janick Edinger Department of Computer Science Distributed Operating Systems University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany Department of Computer Science Computer Networks University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany

Bitcoin was released in 2008 as an electronic peer-to-peer payment system. The aim was to enable financial transactions in an anonymous manner between participating parties. However, Bitcoin is considered a pseudonymous network rather than anonymous, as the identity of the address owner is unknown, but every transaction is permanently stored on the Bitcoin blockchain and can be tracked by anyone. The structure of the blockchain, its transactions, and the Bitcoin network make it possible to deanonymize pseudonyms through various methods such as flow analysis, heuristics, and network traffic observations. Once a connection is established between pseudonyms used in the Bitcoin network and the real world, all previous transactions can be attributed to that identity. In 2021, Taproot was introduced to further increase privacy within the Bitcoin Network by introducing a new address format which will allow transactions to be more indistinguishable from one another. In this paper, we analyze current methods for deanonymizing Bitcoin transactions to understand which parts of the Bitcoin protocol they exploit. In addition, we look at the changes introduced by Taproot and determine the extent to which these changes affect the methods and what assumptions must be made for these methods to remain applicable.

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Controlling Physical Objects with Privacy using Secure RFID System

Controlling Physical Objects with Privacy using Secure RFID ...

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New Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS)

作者： Fahad Samad Sadeq Ali Makram Department of Computer Science Communication and Distributed Systems Informatik 4 RWTH Aachen University Germany

Security and privacy threats in technological environment are great hindrances to use latest technologies for our benefits. Such threats also exist in RFID systems which are currently utilized to a great extent in ubiquitous communication. These systems can also work in combination with cellular networks to control user's physical objects in a secure way with sufficient privacy. This paper presents a secure system model which enables a user to control his possessions even sitting remotely from the objects' locations. The limitations of RFID tags are taken into account and it is shown that the system mitigates many threats keeping the privacy of the tags and the user intact.

关键词： Control systems Privacy Radiofrequency identification RFID tags Ubiquitous computing Communication system security Communication system control Information security Land mobile radio cellular systems Pervasive computing

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A Practitioner's Guide to Software-Based Soft-Error Mitigation Using AN-Codes

A Practitioner's Guide to Software-Based Soft-Error Mitigati...

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IEEE International Symposim on High Assurance systems Engineering

作者： Martin Hoffmann Peter Ulbrich Christian Dietrich Horst Schirmeier Daniel Lohmann Wolfgang Schröder-Preikschat Chair of Distributed Systems and Operating Systems Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Department of Computer Science 12 Technische Universität Dortmund Germany

Arithmetic error coding schemes (AN codes) are a well known and effective technique for soft error mitigation. Although coding theory being a rich area of mathematics, their implementation seems to be fairly easy. However, compliance with the theory can be lost easily while moving towards an actual implementation - finally jeopardizing the aspired fault-tolerance characteristics. In this paper, we present our experiences and lessons learned from implementing AN codes in the Cored dependable voter. We focus on the challenges and pitfalls in the transition from maths to machine code for a binary computer from a systems perspective. Our results show, that practical misconceptions (such as the use of prime numbers) and architecture-dependent implementation glitches occur on every stage of this transition. We identify typical pitfalls and describe practical measures to find and resolve them. Our measures eliminate all remaining SDCs in the Cored voter, which is validated by an extensive fault-injection campaign that covers 100 percent of the fault space for 1-bit and 2-bit errors.

关键词： Encoding Error probability Registers Hardware Fault tolerance

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Work-in-Progress: Migration Hints in Real-Time operating systems

Work-in-Progress: Migration Hints in Real-Time Operating Sys...

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Real-Time systems Symposium (RTSS)

作者： Phillip Raffeck Peter Ulbrich Wolfgang Schröder-Preikschat Department of Computer Science Distributed Systems and Operating Systems Fricdrich-Alexanderr-Universit??t Erlangen-N??rnberg (FAU) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728164632

ISBN: (纸本)9781728164649

Task migration is a potent instrument to exploit multi-core processors. Like full preemption, full migration is particularly advantageous as it allows the scheduler to relocate tasks at arbitrary times between cores. However, in hard real-time systems, migration is accompanied by a tremendous drawback: poor predictability and thus inevitable overapproximations in the worst-case execution-time analysis. This is due to the non-constant size of the tasks' resident set and the costs associated with its transfer between cores. As a result, migration is banned in many real-time systems, regressing the developer to a static allocation of tasks to cores with disadvantageous effects on the overall utilization and schedulability. In previous work, we successfully alleviated the shortcomings of full migration in real-time systems by reducing the associated costs and increasing its predictability. By employing static analysis, we were able to identify beneficial migration points and thus generate static schedules migrating tasks at these identified points. In ongoing work, we extend this approach to dynamic scheduling by providing information about advantageous migration points to an operating system which then makes migration decisions at runtime.

关键词： Task analysis Schedules operating systems Real-time systems Runtime Optimal scheduling Multicore processing

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The Robot Software Communications Architecture (RSCA): Embedded middleware for networked service robots 20

The Robot Software Communications Architecture (RSCA): Embed...

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20th IEEE International Parallel and distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2006

作者： Hong, Seongsoo Lee, Jaesoo Eom, Hyeonsang Jeon, Gwangil Real-Time Operating Systems Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea Republic of Distributed Information Processing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic University 2121 Jungwang-Dong Siheung-Si Gyunggi-Do 429-793 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)1424400546

In this paper, we present a robot middleware technology named Robot Software Communications Architecture (RSCA) for its use in networked home service robots. The RSCA provides a standard operating environment for the robot applications together with a framework that expedites the development of such applications. The operating environment is comprised of a real-time operating system, a communication middleware, and a deployment middleware. Particularly, the deployment middleware supports the reconfiguration of component-based robot applications including installation, creation, start, stop, tear-down, and un-installation, In designing RSCA, we have adopted a middleware called SCA from the software defined radio domain and extend it since the original SCA lacks the real-time guarantees and appropriate event services. We have fully implemented RSCA and performed measurements to quantify its run-time performance. Our implementation clearly shows the viability of RSCA. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Middleware

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