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Machine Learning-Based Routing Protocol in Flying Ad Hoc Networks: A Review

computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 1615-1643页

作者： Priyanka Manjit Kaur Deepak Prashar Leo Mrsic Arfat Ahmad Khan Department of Computer Science and Engineering(CSE) Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwara144411India Department for Program Engineering Algebra UniversityGradiscanska 24Zagreb10000Croatia Department of Computer Science College of ComputingKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40002Thailand

“Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs)”,which use“Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)”,are developing as a critical mechanism for numerous applications,such as military operations and civilian *** dynamic nature of FANETs,with high mobility,quick node migration,and frequent topology changes,presents substantial hurdles for routing protocol *** the preceding few years,researchers have found that machine learning gives productive solutions in routing while preserving the nature of FANET,which is topology change and high *** paper reviews current research on routing protocols and Machine Learning(ML)approaches applied to FANETs,emphasizing developments between 2021 and *** research uses the PRISMA approach to sift through the literature,filtering results from the SCOPUS database to find 82 relevant *** research study uses machine learning-based routing algorithms to beat the issues of high mobility,dynamic topologies,and intermittent connection in *** compared with conventional routing,it gives an energy-efficient and fast decision-making solution in a real-time environment,with greater fault tolerance *** protocols aim to increase routing efficiency,flexibility,and network stability using ML’s predictive and adaptive *** comprehensive review seeks to integrate existing information,offer novel integration approaches,and recommend future research topics for improving routing efficiency and flexibility in ***,the study highlights emerging trends in ML integration,discusses challenges faced during the review,and discusses overcoming these hurdles in future research.

关键词： FANET protocol machine learning

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Deep Learning Approach for Hand Gesture Recognition:Applications in Deaf Communication and Healthcare

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 127-144页

作者： Khursheed Aurangzeb Khalid Javeed Musaed Alhussein Imad Rida Syed Irtaza Haider Anubha Parashar Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computing and InformaticsUniversity of SharjahSharjah27272United Arab Emirates Laboratory Biomechanics and Bioengineering University of Technology of CompiegneCompiegne60200France Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal University JaipurJaipur303007India

Hand gestures have been used as a significant mode of communication since the advent of human *** facilitating human-computer interaction(HCI),hand gesture recognition(HGRoc)technology is crucial for seamless and error-free *** technology is pivotal in healthcare and communication for the deaf *** significant advancements in computer vision-based gesture recognition for language understanding,two considerable challenges persist in this field:(a)limited and common gestures are considered,(b)processing multiple channels of information across a network takes huge computational time during discriminative feature ***,a novel hand vision-based convolutional neural network(CNN)model named(HVCNNM)offers several benefits,notably enhanced accuracy,robustness to variations,real-time performance,reduced channels,and ***,these models can be optimized for real-time performance,learn from large amounts of data,and are scalable to handle complex recognition tasks for efficient human-computer *** proposed model was evaluated on two challenging datasets,namely the Massey University Dataset(MUD)and the American Sign Language(ASL)Alphabet Dataset(ASLAD).On the MUD and ASLAD datasets,HVCNNM achieved a score of 99.23% and 99.00%,*** results demonstrate the effectiveness of CNN as a promising HGRoc *** findings suggest that the proposed model have potential roles in applications such as sign language recognition,human-computer interaction,and robotics.

关键词： computer vision deep learning gait recognition sign language recognition machine learning

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Jointly Preserving Subject and Object Anonymity in Nearby Friends Querying for Curious Service Providers

Jointly Preserving Subject and Object Anonymity in Nearby Fr...

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2024 Cognitive Models and Artificial Intelligence Conference, AICCONF 2024

作者： Abul, Osman Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Informatics University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Engineering TOBB University of Economics and Technology Ankara Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716928

This work studies the urban area location privacy preserving location updates and nearby friends (NF) querying for the centralized proximity based services (PBSs). The urban area constraint forces the user mobility to be on the city road network, modeled as a weighted directed graph. The location privacy model exploits location anonymity through subgraph cloaking. Two kinds of location privacy issues have been identified and handled in a unified framework, (i) Subject Anonymity on location updates, i.e., providing location anonymity of the location updater (against the curious PBS provider), and (ii) Object Anonymity on NF querying, i.e., providing location anonymity of friends in NF query responses (against the curious query issuer). In the former, the user simulates the PBS provider's belief (a subgraph) on his location whereabouts, and locally blocks anonymity violating location update requests which is understood by a simulated attack. In the latter, as the NF query processor, the PBS provider simulates the user's mutual beliefs (subgraphs) on friends' location whereabouts obtained through previous NF queries. By a simulated attack, some friends' existence are suppressed from the NF query responses. An experimental evaluation on a real dataset has been conducted. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Location

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Infodeslib: Python Library for Dynamic Ensemble Learning using Late Fusion of Multimodal Data 4

Infodeslib: Python Library for Dynamic Ensemble Learning usi...

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4th International Workshop on Knowledge-Infused Learning, KiL 2024

作者： Juraev, Firuz El-Sappagh, Shaker Abuhmed, Tamer College of Computing and Informatics Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Galala University Egypt

There has been a notable increase in research focusing on dynamic selection (DS) techniques within the field of ensemble learning. This leads to the development of various techniques for ensembling multiple classifiers for a specific instance or set of instances during the prediction phase. Despite this progress, the design and development of DS approaches with late fusion settings and their explainability remain unexplored. This work proposes an open-source Python library, Infodeslib, to address this gap. The library provides an implementation of several DS techniques, including four dynamic classifier selections and seven dynamic ensemble selection techniques, all of which are integrated with late data fusion settings and novel explainability features. Infodeslib offers flexibility and customization options, making it a versatile tool for various complex applications that require the fusion of multimodal data and various explainability features. Multimodal data, which integrates information from diverse sources or sensor modalities, is a common and essential setting for real-world problems, enhancing the robustness and depth of data analysis. These data can be fused in two main ways: early fusion, where different modalities are combined at the feature level before model training, and late fusion, where each modality is processed separately and the results are combined at the decision level. The library is fully documented following the Read the Docs standards. The documentation, code, and examples are available anonymously on GitHub at https://***/InfoLab-SKKU/infodeslib. © 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Python

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Enhanced Lightweight Facial Emotion Recognition Systems for Visually Impaired People 12

Enhanced Lightweight Facial Emotion Recognition Systems for ...

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12th IEEE Conference on Systems, Process and Control, ICSPC 2024

作者： Shehada, Dina Turky, Ayad Rabie, Tamer Hussain, Abir University of Dubai College of Engineering and IT Dubai United Arab Emirates University of Sharjah College of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Sharjah United Arab Emirates University of Sharjah College of Computing & Informatics Department of Computer Science Sharjah United Arab Emirates University of Sharjah College of Computing & Informatics Department of Computer Engineering Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391398

Facial expressions are a vital component of human communication, conveying emotional information that enhances the social experience. However, for individuals with visual impairments, perceiving and interpreting facial expressions can be challenging, hindering their ability to engage fully in social interactions. This paper presents an enhanced facial emotion recognition system specifically designed to aid visually impaired individuals. Two enhanced approaches for facial emotion recognition systems are proposed. The first approach consolidates negative emotions (anger, fear, sadness, disgust) into a single class, while the second approach incorporates diverse training datasets from real-world environments. The negative emotion consolidation approach achieved 90.9% and 94.7% accuracy on the FER2013 and CK+ datasets, respectively. While, the diverse dataset integration approach achieved 84.9% and 70.6% accuracy on FER2013 and CK+ datasets, respectively. This is a significant improvement when benchmarked with other approaches available in the literature. The feasibility of the enhanced proposed systems as assistive technology for the visually impaired indicated its ability to be applied in real-world applications. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Assistive technology

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A novel methodology for offline English handwritten character recognition using ELBP-based sequential (CNN)

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Neural computing and Applications 2024年第30期36卷 19139-19156页

作者： Humayun, Muniba Siddiqi, Raheel Uddin, Mueen Kandhro, Irfan Ali Abdelhaq, Maha Alsaqour, Raed Sindh Karachi Pakistan College of Computing and Information Technology University of Doha for Science and Technology 24449 Doha Qatar Department of Computer Science Sindh Madressatul Islam University Sindh Karachi Pakistan Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computing and Informatics Saudi Electronic University Riyadh93499 Saudi Arabia

Handwritten character recognition falls under the domain of image classification, which has been under research for years. But still, specific gaps need to be highlighted as offline handwritten character recognition (OHCR) with the limitation of the unstructured hierarchy of character classification. However, the idea is to make the machine recognize handwritten human characters. The language focused on in this research paper is English, using offline handwritten character recognition for identifying English characters. There are many publicly available datasets, of which EMNIST is the most challenging. The key idea of this research paper is to recommend a deep learning-based ELBP-CNN method to help recognize English characters. This research paper proposes a deep learning CovNet with feature extraction and novel local binary pattern-based approaches, LBP (AND, OR), that is tested and compared with renowned pre-trained models using transfer learning. These parametric settings address multiple issues and are finalized after experimentation. The same hyperparametric settings were used for all the models under test and E-Character, with the same data augmentation settings. The proposed model, named the E-Character recognizer, produced 87.31% accuracy. It was better than most of the tested pre-trained models and other proposed methods by other researchers. This research paper further highlighted some problems, like misclassification due to the similar structure of characters. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Local binary pattern

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Contactless interaction recognition and interactor detection in multi-person scenes

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第5期18卷 83-95页

作者： Jiacheng LI Ruize HAN Wei FENG Haomin YAN Song WANG College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbia SC 29208USA

Human interaction recognition is an essential task in video *** current works on human interaction recognition mainly focus on the scenarios only containing the close-contact interactive subjects without other *** this paper,we handle more practical but more challenging scenarios where interactive subjects are contactless and other subjects not involved in the interactions of interest are also present in the *** address this problem,we propose an Interactive Relation Embedding Network(IRE-Net)to simultaneously identify the subjects involved in the interaction and recognize their interaction *** a new problem,we also build a new dataset with annotations and metrics for performance *** results on this datasesthow significant improvements of the proposed method when compared with current methodsdeveloped for human interaction recognition and group activity recognition.

关键词： human-human interaction recognition multiper-son scene contactless interaction human relation modeling

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An Analytical Model for QoS in Mobile Ad Hoc Network using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) 15

An Analytical Model for QoS in Mobile Ad Hoc Network using A...

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15th International Conference on Advances in computing, Control, and Telecommunication Technologies, ACT 2024

作者： Kumar, Anil Shukla, R.K. Shukla, R.S. Department of Computer Applications Invertis University Bareilly India Department of Applied Science & Humanities Invertis University Bareilly India Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Informatics Saudi Electronic University Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331300579

This study examines the challenge of predicting end-to-end packet delay in mobile ad hoc networks for Quality of Service (QoS) routing. Factors like node neighbors, interference, and medium access control impact delay unpredictability. We explore the potential of artificial neural networks to enhance accuracy in forecasting these delays, aiming to improve QoS within the dynamic Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) context. We calculated delay using source-destination path length and average neighbors. Two models were built: Regression Neural Networks (RNN) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) networks. Using a network simulator, we gathered data sets for three routing protocols: AODV, DSDV, and DSR. These sets include delay, path length, and average neighbors. RNN outperformed RBF in predicting delay, as determined by various performance metrics. © Grenze Scientific Society, 2024.

关键词： Radial basis function networks

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Enhanced sentiment analysis framework: Ensemble attention enhanced bidirectional long-short-term encoder for accurate classification of consumer reviews

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Alexandria Engineering Journal 2025年 127卷 265-283页

作者： Almalki, Ali Jaber Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computing and Information Technology University of Bisha Bisha61922 Saudi Arabia

The fast growth of today's technology on social media, the web, etc caused the ongoing and fast creation of opinionated textual data. In this context, internet reviews by consumers determine upcoming consumers whether can buy a particular product or not. Because the thoughts regarding the products are expressed by commenting on reviews. The sentiment analysis is more supportive for comprehending feedback and the attitude of consumers regarding the product's characteristics. More sentiment classification tasks are carried out by the researchers but attained low level output due to difficulty in learning contextual words. To rectify this type of issue, current work focuses on developing a sentiment analysis framework by progressive techniques. The novel namely Ensemble Attention Enhanced Bidirectional Long-short-term Encoder (EAE-BiLE) is developed. The developed method analyzes online reviews and gains reviews from Amazon and the second task is to form high-quality input. The BERT model generates contextual word embeddings and Bi-directional Long-Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) processes these embeddings in order to capture both backward and forward dependencies from the text. The novel method makes the accurate classification by focusing on important and relevant parts in the text using an attention mechanism that assigns different weights. Detailed experiments that expose the performance of the developed method are performed in this work. This requires a few evaluation metrics that can measure the effectiveness of the developed method, which is accomplished by F1-score, recall, accuracy, and precision. The developed EAE-BiLE framework yields higher rates of 97.2 %, 97.2 %, 99.1 %, and 98.4 % for precision, F1-score, accuracy, and recall. Its error performance is also low, which represents the developed method makes the precise classification. The developed EAE-BiLE excels with higher effectiveness than prior techniques for efficacious sentiment classification. © 2025 T

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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Design of a Lightweight Compressed Video Stream-Based Patient Activity Monitoring System

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1253-1274页

作者： Sangeeta Yadav Preeti Gulia Nasib Singh Gill Piyush Kumar Shukla Arfat Ahmad Khan Sultan Alharby Ahmed Alhussen Mohd Anul Haq Department of Computer Science&Applications Maharshi Dayanand UniversityRohtak124001India University Institute of Technology Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki VishwavidyalayaBhopal462033India Department of Computer Science College of ComputingKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40002Thailand Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl Majmaah11952Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl Majmaah11952Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Inpatient falls from beds in hospitals are a common *** falls may result in severe *** problem can be addressed by continuous monitoring of patients using *** advancements in deep learning-based video analytics have made this task of fall detection more effective and *** with fall detection,monitoring of different activities of the patients is also of significant concern to assess the improvement in their *** computation-intensive models are required to monitor every action of the patient *** requirement limits the applicability of such ***,to keep the model lightweight,the already designed fall detection networks can be extended to monitor the general activities of the patients along with the fall *** by the same notion,we propose a novel,lightweight,and efficient patient activity monitoring system that broadly classifies the patients’activities into fall,activity,and rest classes based on their *** whole network comprises three sub-networks,namely a Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)based video compression network,a Lightweight Pose Network(LPN)and a Residual Network(ResNet)Mixer block-based activity recognition *** compression network compresses the video streams using deep learning networks for efficient storage and retrieval;after that,LPN estimates human ***,the activity recognition network classifies the patients’activities based on their *** proposed system shows an overall accuracy of approx.99.7% over a standard dataset with 99.63% fall detection accuracy and efficiently monitors different events,which may help monitor the falls and improve the inpatients’health.

关键词： Fall detection activity recognition human pose estimation accuracy

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