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Personalizing Federated Instrument Segmentation With Visual Trait Priors in Robotic Surgery

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2025年第6期72卷 1886-1896页

作者： Xu, Jialang Wang, Jiacheng Yu, Lequan Stoyanov, Danail Jin, Yueming Mazomenos, Evangelos B. University College London UCL Hawkes Institute The Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering London United Kingdom Xiamen University Department of Computer Science School of Informatics Xiamen China The University of Hong Kong Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Hong Kong National University of Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Singapore

Personalized federated learning (PFL) for surgical instrument segmentation (SIS) is a promising approach. It enables multiple clinical sites to collaboratively train a series of models in privacy, with each model tailored to the individual distribution of each site. Existing PFL methods rarely consider the personalization of multi-headed self-attention, and do not account for appearance diversity and instrument shape similarity, both inherent in surgical scenes. We thus propose PFedSIS, a novel PFL method with visual trait priors for SIS, incorporating global-personalized disentanglement (GPD), appearance-regulation personalized enhancement (APE), and shape-similarity global enhancement (SGE), to boost SIS performance in each site. GPD represents the first attempt at head- wise assignment for multi-headed self-attention personalization. To preserve the unique appearance representation of each site and gradually leverage the inter-site difference, APE introduces appearance regulation and provides customized layer- wise aggregation solutions via hypernetworks for each site's personalized parameters. The mutual shape information of instruments is maintained and shared via SGE, which enhances the cross-style shape consistency on the image level and computes the shape-similarity contribution of each site on the prediction level for updating the global parameters. PFedSIS outperforms state-of-the-art methods with +1.51% Dice, +2.11% IoU, -2.79 ASSD, -15.55 HD95 performance gains. © 1964-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Robotic surgery

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Deep Learning and IoT-Enabled Accident Detection and Reporting for Smart Cities Domain

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KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems 2025年第4期19卷 1140-1166页

作者： Javed, Rawal Mazhar, Tehseen Aoun, Muhammad Shahzad, Tariq Al-AlShaikh, Halah A. Ghadi, Yazeed Yasin Saudagar, Abdul Khader Jilani Khan, Muhammad Amir School of Automation Central South University Changsha China School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and Economics Lahore54000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology School Education Department Government of Punjab Layyah31200 Pakistan Department of CS IT Ghazi University Punjab Dera Ghazi Khan Pakistan School of Electrical Engineering Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng. Science University of Johannesburg Johannesburg2006 South Africa Riyadh11432 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Al Ain University Abu Dhabi12555 United Arab Emirates School of Computing Sciences College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics University Technology MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia

Even though numerous ICT-based solutions have been put forth for the detection of accidents and rescue missions, they often suffer from compatibility issues with different vehicles and are accompanied by high costs. This paper introduces a cutting-edge intelligent system designed for accident detection and rescue, mirroring human cognitive functions through integrating the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence. A specialized kit for IoT has been created to identify accidents and gather comprehensive incident-related data, such as pressure, position, gravitational force, and speed. This information is then transmitted to the cloud for processing. A deep learning model is implemented in the cloud environment to verify the IoT module's output and activate the rescue mechanism when an accident is detected. The DL module, employing ensemble transfer learning with dynamic weights, aims to minimize false detection rates. Because there isn't an appropriate dataset available, a personalized dataset is generated from diverse online videos. To validate the proposed method, a comparative analysis is conducted on Yolo V4. Experimental results indicate that Yolo V4 outperforms, achieving training, validation, and test accuracies of 98.2% each. To assess the system's real-world applicability, it undergoes validation using a robot car model. Copyright © 2025 KSII.

关键词： Deep learning

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Designing Quantum-Resilient Blockchain Frameworks: Enhancing Transactional Security with Quantum Algorithms in Decentralized Ledgers

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International Journal of Advanced computer science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 618-628页

作者： Kale, Meenal R. Baker El-Ebiary, Yousef A. Sathiya, L. Burugari, Vijay Kumar Yulduz, Erkiniy Muniyandy, Elangovan Alanazi, Rakan Department of Humanities Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering Hingna Nagpur India Faculty of Informatics and Computing UniSZA University Malaysia Department of CSE Panimalar Engineering College Chennai India Dept of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Andhra Pradesh Guntur India Automatic Control and Computer Engineering Department Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent Tashkent Uzbekistan Department of Biosciences-Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai India Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Northern Border University Rafha Saudi Arabia

Quantum computing is progressing at a fast rate and there is a real threat that classical cryptographic methods can be compromised and therefore impact the security of blockchain networks. All of the ways used to secure blockchain like Rivest–Shamir–Adleman (RSA), Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit (SHA256) are the characteristic of the traditional cryptographic techniques vulnerable to attack by quantum algorithms: Shor’s and Grover’s algorithms: can efficiently break asymmetric encryption and speed up brute force attacks. Because of this vulnerability, there exists a need to develop an advance quantum resilient blockchain framework to protect the decentralized ledgers from the future threats of the quantum. This research proposes Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC), Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Quantum Random Number Generation (QRNG) as a formidable architectural integration, to fortify security of blockchain. Classical encryption is replaced with PQC, QKD with secure key exchange by detecting eavesdropping, and QRNG with improving cryptographic randomness to remove the predictable key vulnerability. Only with a small loss of transaction efficiency, we increase transaction encryption accuracy, key exchange security, and resistance to quantum attacks. In this quantum enhanced blockchain design, the idea is to preserve the decentralization, transparency and security and at the same time overcome the future quantum threat. By going through rigorous analysis and comparative evaluation, we demonstrate that the approach saves blockchain networks from the emerging quantum risks to make sure that the decentralized finance, smart contracts and cross chain transactions. © (2025), (science and Information Organization). All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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Q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets-Enhanced FMEA for COVID-19 Risk Assessment

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第1期49卷 81-92页

作者： Abdullah, Lazim Awang, Noor Azzah Qiyas, Muhammad Special Interest Group of Modelling and Data Analytics Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus21030 Malaysia College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia Department of Mathematics Riphah International University Failsabad Campus Pakistan

Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a widely used tool for risk analysis, primarily to identify risk factors affecting system quality. Due to the limitations of the traditional FMEA model, several recent models incorporating advanced fuzzy set extensions have been developed to enhance the reliability of risk assessment outcomes. However, most of these models limit expert flexibility in expressing preferences and often overlook the impact of unequal expert weights and the stability of risk ranking results. This study introduces a new FMEA model based on Q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets (Q-ROFSs), termed Q-ROFSs-FMEA. Q-ROFSs, an extension of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, introduce a new linguistic term. The Q-ROFSs-FMEA model considers the unequal weights of experts, enabling a dynamic representation of expert preferences. These weights and the linguistic evaluation of risk factors are integrated through an aggregation operator, facilitating consensus among experts. The model is applied to a case study on COVID-19 risk factors, revealing that ‘older age’ (risk priority number 0.000012) is the highest risk factor, while ‘gender’ (risk priority number -0.0037) is the lowest. It is found that the ranking of risk factors determined by the Q-ROFSs-FMEA model is obtained as FM1 FM3 FM6 FM4 FM5 FM7 FM8 FM2 . Furthermore, a comparative analysis indicates consistent ranking results across different models, demonstrating the reliability of the proposed model. The case study and comparative analysis validate the effectiveness and applicability of the Q-ROFSsbased risk assessment model. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Failure modes

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AI-Inspired Algorithm for the Automated Recognition of the World’s Oldest Script “Brahmi”

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SN computer science 2025年第1期6卷 1-12页

作者： Jain, Trang Jain, Arpit Dwivedi, Rakesh Kumar Saxena, Rakhi College of Computing Sciences and Information Technology Teerthanker Mahaveer University UP Moradabad India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Vijayawada India Department of Computer Science Deshbandhu College University of Delhi New Delhi India

One of the internationally known oldest script is Brahmi whose digitisation may be helpful for the archaeologists as well as it may help in the digitisation of other languages. Optical character recognition techniques with genetic algorithms will be quite useful for this purpose. In this paper, a review of the work, done on the images of Brahmi letters using CNN till now, is presented. It will be useful to check the possibility of improvement in the performance of a model used for character recognition. A model is designed where tuning of hyper parameters is done using genetic algorithms which improves the accuracy of recognition to 97%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Ashok shilalekh Brahmi script CNN Kharavela shilalekh OCR

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Fuzzy deep learning architecture for cucumber plant disease detection and classification

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Journal of Big Data 2025年第1期12卷 1-21页

作者： Bilal, Anas Khan, Junaid Ali Alzahrani, Abdulkareem Almohammadi, Khalid Alamri, Maha Liu, Xiaowen College of Information Science and Technology Hainan Normal University Haikou571158 China Department of Computer Science HITEC University Taxila Taxila47080 Pakistan Computer Science Department Faculty of Computing and Information Al-Baha University Al-Baha65779 Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Applied College University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia Software Engineering Department Faculty of Computing and Information Al-Baha University Al-Baha65779 Saudi Arabia

This paper introduces a novel fuzzy deep convolutional neural network architecture for cucumber plant disease detection, contributing to precision farming in Industry 5.0. The proposed architecture incorporates 40 convolutional layers, 4 pooling layers, 4 inverted bottleneck blocks, 4 bottleneck blocks, 5 fuzzy layers, and a fully connected layer designed to enhance accuracy and stability when analyzing remotely sensed data. The fuzzy optimistic formula is used for activation in four blocks, enabling effective information fusion. At the same time, the ReLU transfer function ensures robustness, mainly when dealing with noisy or incomplete image segments. Feature vector optimization is performed using a chaotic particle swarm algorithm, enhancing the model’s overall accuracy, reliability, and ease of implementation. The architecture achieves 98% classification accuracy, outperforming leading models like VGG-19, DarkNet-19, and ResNet-50. Moreover, the computational time per run (40–90 s) is significantly lower than these models, which use higher learnable parameters (5.7 million). The proposed approach is efficient and feasible, offering a more stable and accurate disease detection system while utilizing fewer resources. This work demonstrates the potential of AI-driven solutions in agriculture, particularly in improving disease detection and crop yield through advanced machine learning techniques. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Multi-granularity feature intersection learning for visible-infrared person re-identification

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Complex and Intelligent Systems 2025年第7期11卷 1-14页

作者： Chan, Sixian Wang, Jie Cui, Jiaao Hu, Jie Li, Zhuorong Mao, Jiafa College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310023 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Informatics for Safety & Emergency of Zhejiang Province Wenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 China School of Computer and Computing Science Hangzhou City University Hangzhou 310015 China

This paper proposes a multi-granularity feature intersection network (MGFINet) for visible-infrared person re-identification (VI-ReID). VI-ReID aims to retrieve images of the same pedestrian from different spectral cameras. The key challenge is to extract pedestrian descriptions with both inter-class discriminability and intra-class similarity. Previous methods ignore the potential loss of details during representation extraction and the presence of data bias in the metric function, limiting further improvements in retrieval performance. Meanwhile, the discrepancy regarding how to calculate the loss for representation learning and metric learning also affects the model’s training. To address the above issues, MGFINet consists of three components: a hierarchical part pooling method (HPP), a hierarchical part restriction method (HPC), and a feature intersection (FI) loss. HPP adopts a hierarchical framework to extract multi-granularity pedestrian representations, and it performs an inter-layer fusion operation to exploit the high-resolution information from shallow layers and the semantic representability from deep layers. Meanwhile, HPP employs part pooling with different step sizes to capture pedestrian details in each layer. Next, HPC spreads the identity loss across all layers to reduce the distance for gradient backpropagation and further optimize fine-grained features in shallow layers. Besides, FI loss combines representation and metric learning by incorporating hyperparameters of classifiers into metric learning, mitigating data bias and reducing the gap between the two learning processes. Finally, extensive experiments evaluated on two public datasets, SYSU-MM01 and RegDB demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Metric learning Multi-granularity Representation learning VI-ReID

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Liberated Arabic Handwritten Text Recognition using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

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Iraqi Journal for computer science and Mathematics 2025年第2期6卷 72-81页

作者： AlRababah, Ahmad AbdulQadir Aljahdali, Mohammed Khalid Al jahdali, Abdulrahim Abdulhamid AlGhanmi, Mohammed Saleh Al Barazanchi, Israa Ibraheem Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology in Rabigh King Abdulaziz University Saudi Arabia College of Engineering University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa Karbala Iraq

Arabic script is exhibited in a cursive style, which is a departure from the norm in many common languages, and the shapes of letters are contingent on their positions within words. The form of the first letter is influenced by the subsequent letter, middle letters are shaped by both preceding and succeeding letters, and the shape of the final letter is determined by the preceding letter. Additionally, certain letters are found to have strikingly similar shapes, making Arabic text recognition a formidable challenge in computer vision. The challenge of detecting and recognizing Arabic handwritten text is addressed in this paper by proposing a novel system that integrates two Deep Learning models without the constraints of a predefined dictionary or language model. Object Detection techniques are employed in the first model to accurately identify lines, words, and punctuation marks, providing a robust foundation for text recognition. In the second model, a powerful recognition system is developed, trained on the IFN/ENIT dataset to predict character sequences from handwritten text images. The architecture is comprised of a convolutional neural network (CNN) with residual connections, followed by a Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) layer, and culminates in a fully connected layer. State-of-the-art results in unconstrained Arabic text recognition tasks are achieved by this approach. © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Long short-term memory

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ABL-SMOTE: A Novel Resampling Method by Handling Noisy and Borderline Challenge for Imbalanced Dataset for Software Defect Prediction

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 78781-78794页

作者： Bashir, Kamal Abdelwahab Ghorashi, Sara Ahmed, Ali Khader, Abdolraheem Karary University College of Computer Science and Information Technology Department of Information Technology Omdurman12304 Sudan Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Sciences P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing210094 China

Machine learning algorithms face important implementation difficulties due to imbalanced learning since the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) helps improve performance through the creation of new minority class examples in feature space before preprocessing. The underlying problem leading to performance deterioration emerges from noise and boundary instances found in the minority class rather than an excessive imbalance ratio. Noise and marginal samples become problematic during oversampling operations since they reduce the performance of classification models. This paper proposes an advanced version of Borderline-SMOTE (BL-SMOTE), called ABL-SMOT approach that utilizes INFFC for noise filtering to optimize data quality in the dataset. This improvement method for minority class sample placement and noise filtering ensures higher classifier performance through ABL-SMOTE. The proposed technique receives assessment through the usage of software defect datasets along with multiple testing classifiers against conventional data sampling procedures. The experimental outcomes show that ABL-SMOTE performs better than alternative approaches in most tested datasets because it is an effective preprocessing tool for imbalanced classification problems. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Software testing

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Adaptive Attribute-Based Honey Encryption: A Novel Solution for Cloud Data Security

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2637-2664页

作者： Reshma Siyal Muhammad Asim Long Jun Mohammed Elaffendi Sundas Iftikhar Rana Alnashwan Samia Allaoua Chelloug School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China EIAS LAB College of Computer and Information Sciencesand Center of Excellence in Quantum and Intelligent ComputingPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Gianforte School of Computing Montana State UniversityBozemanMT 59717USA Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

A basic procedure for transforming readable data into encoded forms is encryption, which ensures security when the right decryption keys are used. Hadoop is susceptible to possible cyber-attacks because it lacks built-in security measures, even though it can effectively handle and store enormous datasets using the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS). The increasing number of data breaches emphasizes how urgently creative encryption techniques are needed in cloud-based big data settings. This paper presents Adaptive Attribute-Based Honey Encryption (AABHE), a state-of-the-art technique that combines honey encryption with Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) to provide improved data security. Even if intercepted, AABHE makes sure that sensitive data cannot be accessed by unauthorized parties. With a focus on protecting huge files in HDFS, the suggested approach achieves 98% security robustness and 95% encryption efficiency, outperforming other encryption methods including Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE), Key-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (KB-ABE), and Advanced Encryption Standard combined with Attribute-Based Encryption (AES+ABE). By fixing Hadoop’s security flaws, AABHE fortifies its protections against data breaches and enhances Hadoop’s dependability as a platform for processing and storing massive amounts of data.

关键词： Cybersecurity data security cloud storage hadoop encryption and decryption privacy protection attribute-based honey encryption

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