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1st International Conference on Trust Management, iTrust 2003

作者： Gray, Elizabeth Seigneur, Jean-Marc Chen, Yong Jensen, Christian Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland Informatics and Mathematical Modelling Technical University of Denmark Richard Petersens Plads Building 322 Kgs. LyngbyDK-2800 Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)3540402241

The possibility of a massive, networked infrastructure of diverse entities partaking in collaborative applications with each other increases more and more with the proliferation of mobile devices and the development of ad hoc networking technologies. In this context, traditional security measures do not scale well. We aim to develop trust-based security mechanisms using small world concepts to optimise formation and propagation of trust amongst entities in these vast networks. In this regard, we surmise that in a very large mobile ad hoc network, trust, risk, and recommendations can be propagated through relatively short paths connecting entities. Our work describes the design of trust-formation and risk-assessment systems, as well as that of an entity recognition scheme, within the context of the small world network topology. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003.

关键词： Small-world networks

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Analytic approximation of the effective bandwidth for best-effort services in UMTS networks

Analytic approximation of the effective bandwidth for best-e...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： D. Staehle K. Leibnitz K. Heck P. Tran-Gia B. Schroder A. Weller Department of Distributed Systems Institute of Computer Science University of Würzburg Wurzburg Germany T-Mobile International Bonn Germany

The introduction of third generation mobile communication systems allows the service providers to offer a large variety of services which are in the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System subsumed under the categories conversational, streaming, interactive and background class. While the conversational and streaming classes have a guaranteed bandwidth and delay, the interactive and background class consume the remaining system capacity. On the downlink this system capacity is limited by the base station transmit power and on the uplink by the interference. In our analysis we approximate the capacity which the services with quality of service leave for best-effort services belonging to the interactive class. The background class is neglected. We focus our analysis on the downlink since for UMTS the expected traffic is assumed to be asymmetric with the bulk of it towards the mobile station and derive the distribution of the bandwidth available for best-effort users according to a spatial user distribution.

关键词： Bandwidth Intelligent networks 3G mobile communication Downlink Base stations Quality of service Mobile computing Telecommunications Delay Interference

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Predicting conserved hairpin motifs in unaligned RNA sequences

Predicting conserved hairpin motifs in unaligned RNA sequenc...

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International Conference on Tools for Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)

作者： G. Pavesi G. Mauri G. Pesole Department of Computer Science Systems and Communication University of Milano Milan Italy Department of Biomolecular Science and Biotechnology University of Milan Milan Italy

Several experiments and observations have revealed the fact that small local distinct structural features in RNA molecules are correlated with their biological function, for example in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Thus, finding similar structural features in a set of RNA sequences known to play the same biological function could provide substantial information concerning which parts of the sequences are responsible for the function itself. The main difficulty lies in the fact that in nearly all the cases the structure of the molecules is unknown, has to be somehow predicted, and that sequences with little or no similarity can fold into similar structures. The algorithm we present searches for regions of the sequences that, according to base pairing rules, can fold into similar structures, where the degree of similarity can be defined by the user. Any information concerning sequence similarity in the motifs can be used either as a search constraint, or a posteriori, by post-processing the output. The search for the regions sharing structural similarity is implemented with the affix tree, a novel text-indexing structure that significantly accelerates the search for patterns having a symmetric layout, like those forming RNA hairpins. Tests based on experimentally known structures have shown that the algorithm is able to identify functional motifs in the secondary structure of non coding RNA, such as Iron Responsive Elements (IRE) in the untranslated regions of ferritin mRNA, and the domain IV stem-loop structure in SRP RNA.

关键词： RNA Sequences DNA Biological information theory Gene expression computer science Biotechnology Biology Indexing Acceleration

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GridBank: a Grid Accounting Services Architecture (GASA) for distributed systems sharing and integration

GridBank: a Grid Accounting Services Architecture (GASA) for...

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International Symposium on Parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： A. Barmouta R. Buyya Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Western Australia Nedlands WA Australia Grid Computing and Distributed Systems (GRIDS) Lab Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Australia

Computational Grids are emerging as a new infrastructure for Internet-based parallel and distributed computing. They enable the sharing, exchange, discovery, and aggregation of resources distributed across multiple administrative domains, organizations and enterprises. To accomplish this, Grids need infrastructure that supports various services: security, uniform access, resource management, scheduling, application composition, computational economy, and accounting. Although several initiatives are engaged in the development of Grid technologies, Grid accounting issues are yet to be addressed. To overcome this limitation, we propose a new infrastructure called GridBank that provides services for accounting. The support of computational economy and accounting services can lead to a self-regulated accountability in Grid computing. This paper presents requirements of Grid accounting and different economic models within which it can operate and proposes a Grid Accounting Services Architecture to meet them. The paper highlights implementation issues with a detailed discussion on the format for various records/databases that the GridBank needs to maintain. It also presents protocols for interaction between the GridBank and various components within Grid computing environments.

关键词： Grid computing computer architecture distributed computing Concurrent computing Internet Security Resource management Processor scheduling computer applications Environmental economics

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Advanced topics in workflow management: Issues, requirements, and solutions

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Journal of Integrated Design and Process science 2003年第3期7卷 49-77页

作者： Van der Aalst, Wil M.P. Weske, Mathias Wirtz, Guido Department of Information and Technology Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven NL-5600 MB PO Box 513 Netherlands Hasso Plattner Institute for Software Systems Engineering Potsdam D-14482 Prof. Dr.-Helmert-Straße 2-3 Germany Distributed and Mobile Systems Group Faculty of Information Systems and Applied Computer Science Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg Bamberg D-96045 Feldkirchenstraße 21 Germany

This paper surveys and investigates the strengths and weaknesses of a number of recent approaches to advanced workflow modelling. Rather than inventing just another workflow language, we briefly describe recent workflow languages, and we analyse them with respect to their support for advanced workflow topics. Object Coordination Nets, Workflow Graphs, WorkFlow Nets, and an approach based on Workflow Evolution are described as dedicated workflow modelling approaches. In addition, the Unified Modelling Language as the de facto standard in object-oriented modelling is also investigated. These approaches are discussed with respect to coverage of workflow perspectives and support for flexibility and analysis issues in workflow management, which are today seen as two major areas for advanced workflow support. Given the different goals and backgrounds of the approaches mentioned, it is not surprising that each approach has its specific strengths and weaknesses. We clearly identify these strengths and weaknesses, and we conclude with ideas for combining their best features. © 2003, IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Applied workflow systems Flexible workflow management Workflow analysis

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Developing a heterogeneous intrusion tolerant CORBA system

Developing a heterogeneous intrusion tolerant CORBA system

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Foundations of Intrusion Tolerant systems, OASIS 2003

作者： Sames, David Matt, Brian Niebuhr, Brian Tally, Gregg Whitmore, Brent Bakken, David Distributed Systems Security Department NAI Labs. - Network Associates Inc. 3060 Washington Road GlenwoodMD21738 United States School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Washington State University PO Box 642752 PullmanWA99164-2752 United States

ISBN: (纸本)076952057X

Intrusion Tolerant systems provide high-integrity and high-availability services to their clients in the face of successful attacks from an adversary. The Intrusion Tolerant distributed Object systems (ITDOS) research project1 is developing an architecture for a heterogeneous intrusion tolerant distributed object system. ITDOS integrates a Byzantine Fault Tolerant multicast protocol into an open-source CORBA ORB to provide Intrusion Tolerant middleware. This foundation allows up to f simultaneous Byzantine failures of replicated servers in a system of at least 3f+1 replicas. Voting on unmarshalled CORBA messages allows heterogeneous application implementations for a given service, allowing for greater diversity in implementation and greater survivability. Symmetric encryption session keys generated by distributed pseudo-random function techniques provide confidential client-server communications. This paper overviews the ITDOS architecture, discusses some of the challenging technical issues related to intrusion tolerance in heterogeneous middleware systems, and offers views on future areas of work. © 2003 IEEE.

关键词： Common object request broker architecture (CORBA)

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An active traffic splitter architecture for intrusion detection

An active traffic splitter architecture for intrusion detect...

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International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of computer and Telecommunication systems (MASCOTS)

作者： I. Charitakis K. Anagnostakis E. Markatos Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas Greece Distributed Systems Laboratory CIS Department University of Pennsylvania Phila PA USA

Scaling network intrusion detection to high network speeds can be achieved using multiple sensors operating in parallel coupled with a suitable load balancing traffic splitter. This paper examines a splitter architecture that incorporates two methods for improving system performance: the first is the use of early filtering where a portion of the packets is processed on the splitter instead of the sensors. The second is the use of locality buffering, where the splitter reorders packets in a way that improves memory access locality on the sensors. Our experiments suggest that early filtering reduces the number of packets to be processed by 32%, giving a 8% increase in sensor performance, while locality buffers improve sensor performance by about 10%. Combined together, the two methods result in an overall improvement of 20% while the performance of the slowest sensor is improved by 14%.

关键词： Intrusion detection Filtering Telecommunication traffic Sensor systems computer architecture Traffic control computer science Laboratories Computational Intelligence Society Load management

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Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

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NATURE 2004年第7011期431卷 931-945页

作者： Collins, FS Lander, ES Rogers, J Waterston, RH The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Hinxton Cambridgeshire CB10 1RQ United Kingdom Washington University Genome Sequencing Center Box 8501 4444 Forest Park Avenue St. Louis 63108 MO United States Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research Center for Genome Research Nine Cambridge Center Cambridge 02142 MA United States Eli and Edythe Broad Institute 320 Charles Street Cambridge 02141-2023 MA United States US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute 2800 Mitchell Drive Walnut Creek 94598 CA United States Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) P.O. Box 1663 Los Alamos 87545 NM United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) One Cyclotron Road Berkeley 94720 CA United States Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) 7000 East Ave. Livermore 94550-9234 CA United States Stanford Human Genome Center Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto 94305 CA United States Baylor College Of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center Baylor College Of Medicine One Baylor Plaza Houston 77030 TX United States RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsurumi-ku Yokohama City 230-0045 Kanegawa Japan University of Washington Genome Center Fluke Hall on Mason Road Box 352145 Seattle 98195 WA United States Genoscope and CNRS UMR-8030 2 Rue Gaston Cremieux CP 5706 Evry Cedex 91057 France Department of Molecular Biology Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 160-8582 Japan Setsunan University Hirakata Osaka Japan Kyorin University School of Health Sciences Hachioji Tokyo Japan University of Geneva Medical School & University Hospitals Switzerland Genome Therapeutics Corporation 100 Beaver St. Waltham 02453 MA United States Agencourt Bioscience Corp 100 Cummings Center Beverly 01915 MA United States Institute for Systems Biology 1441 N. 34th Street Seattle 98103 WA United States Department of Genome Analysis Institute of Molecular Biotechnology Beutenbergstrasse 11 Jena D-07745 Ger

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers similar to99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of similar to1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human genome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead.

关键词： Genetic engineering

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PERFORMANCE OF TURBO CODING FOR SATELLITE UMTS MULTIMEDIA BROADCAST MULTICAST SERVICES

PERFORMANCE OF TURBO CODING FOR SATELLITE UMTS MULTIMEDIA BR...

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2003 International Conference on communication Technology

作者： Gianni Albertazzi Giovanni Emanuele Corazza Massimo Neri Alessandro Vanelli-Coralli ARCES-Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems for Information and Communication Technologies DEIS-Department of Electronics Computer Science and Systems University of Bologna Via Toffano 2/2 ARCES-Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems for Information and Communication Technologies DEIS - Department of Electronics Computer Science and Systems University of Bologna Via Toffano 2/2 ARCES-Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems for Information and Communication Technologies DEIS - Department of Electronics Computer Science and Systems University of Bologna Via Toffano 2/2 ARCES-Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems for Information and Communication Technologies DEIS - Department of Electronics Computer Science and Systems University of Bologna Via Toffano 2/2

In this paper the forward link performance of a satellite based UMTS system designed for the delivery of mul- timedia broadcast multicast services is investigated for different physical layer paramete

关键词： IMT-2000,S-UMTS,fading channel,turbo coding

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The applicability of social models for self-organizing real-time systems

The applicability of social models for self-organizing real-...

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International Symposium on Parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Dazhang Gu L.R. Welch C. Bruggeman R. Shelly Center for Intelligent Distributed and Dependable Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ohio University USA Department of Sociology and Anthropology Ohio University USA

Adaptive resource management (ARM) technology has emerged as a way to: (1) support applications' varying resource needs, and (2) provide reusable solutions to commonly occurring problems. Most existent works on ARM have focused on centralized approaches. However, centralized ARMs are not scalable, which may result in slow responses and wrong allocation decisions based on inaccurate system state information. In this paper, we show how to address these problems with a decentralized resource management approach. Based on social models, the approach appears to have the potential to provide prompt and accurate allocation of resources.

关键词： Real time systems Resource management Application software Quality of service Software systems distributed computing Monitoring Software development management computer science Sociology

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