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Modern Computing: Vision and Challenges

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Gill, Sukhpal Singh Wu, Huaming Patros, Panos Ottaviani, Carlo Arora, Priyansh Pujol, Victor Casamayor Haunschild, David Parlikad, Ajith Kumar Cetinkaya, Oktay Lutfiyya, Hanan Stankovski, Vlado Li, Ruidong Ding, Yuemin Qadir, Junaid Abraham, Ajith Ghosh, Soumya K. Song, Houbing Herbert Sakellariou, Rizos Rana, Omer Rodrigues, Joel J.P.C. Kanhere, Salil S. Dustdar, Schahram Uhlig, Steve Ramamohanarao, Kotagiri Buyya, Rajkumar School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom Center for Applied Mathematics Tianjin University Tianjin China Raygun Performance Monitoring Wellington New Zealand Department of Computer Science York Centre for Quantum Technologies University of York York United Kingdom Microsoft Schiphol Netherlands Distributed Systems Group Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Detecon International GmbH Munich Germany Institute for Manufacturing Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Western Ontario London Canada Faculty of Computer and Information Science University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University Japan Tecnun School of Engineering University of Navarra Spain Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Bennett University Greater Noida India Machine Intelligence Research Labs AuburnWA United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India Baltimore United States Department of Computer Science University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester United Kingdom School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia COPELABS Lusófona University Lisbon Portugal Sydney Australia The University of Melbourne Victoria Australia Laboratory School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia

Over the past six decades, the computing systems field has experienced significant transformations, profoundly impacting society with transformational developments, such as the Internet and the commodification of computing. Underpinned by technological advancements, computer systems, far from being static, have been continuously evolving and adapting to cover multifaceted societal niches. This has led to new paradigms such as cloud, fog, edge computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT), which offer fresh economic and creative opportunities. Nevertheless, this rapid change poses complex research challenges, especially in maximizing potential and enhancing functionality. As such, to maintain an economical level of performance that meets ever-tighter requirements, one must understand the drivers of new model emergence and expansion, and how contemporary challenges differ from past ones. To that end, this article investigates and assesses the factors influencing the evolution of computing systems, covering established systems and architectures as well as newer developments, such as serverless computing, quantum computing, and on-device AI on edge devices. Trends emerge when one traces technological trajectory, which includes the rapid obsolescence of frameworks due to business and technical constraints, a move towards specialized systems and models, and varying approaches to centralized and decentralized control. This comprehensive review of modern computing systems looks ahead to the future of research in the field, highlighting key challenges and emerging trends, and underscoring their importance in cost-effectively driving technological progress. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Obsolescence

A Perspective on the Role of Human Behaviors in Software Development: Voice and Silence

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sánchez-Gordón, Mary Colomo-Palacios, Ricardo Akbar, Muhammad Azeem Holone, Monica Kristiansen Department of Computer Science and Communication Øsfold University College Halden Norway Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Informáticos Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Software Engineering Department and Systems LUT University Lappeenranta Finland

Context: Most software companies strive to have high-performing teams and mitigate withdrawal behaviors like being present but unproductive. In this context, psychological safety and developers’ perceived impact are suggested as potential drivers of voice and silence behaviors. However, understanding these social aspects of software development entails the incorporation of social science theories . Objective: This study aims to empirically demonstrate whether such a new theory about voice and silence at work actually applies to the software development context. Method: We plan to use a survey questionnaire design. This study will collect data from software development teams and analyze the result using structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. It can contribute to extent of the body of knowledge about the topic. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Social aspects

Gaussian Process regression over discrete probability measures: on the non-stationarity relation between Euclidean and Wasserstein Squared Exponential Kernels

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Candelieri, Antonio Ponti, Andrea Archetti, Francesco Department of Economics Management and Statistics University of Milano-Bicocca Milan Italy Department of Computer Science Systems and Communication University of Milano-Bicocca Milan Italy OAKS srl Milan Italy

Gaussian Process regression is a kernel method successfully adopted in many real-life applications. Recently, there is a growing interest on extending this method to non-Euclidean input spaces, like the one considered in this paper, consisting of probability measures. Although a Positive Definite kernel can be defined by using a suitable distance – the Wasserstein distance – the common procedure for learning the Gaussian Process model can fail due to numerical issues, arising earlier and more frequently than in the case of an Euclidean input space and, as demonstrated in this paper, that cannot be avoided by adding artificial noise (nugget effect) as usually done. This paper uncovers the main reason of these issues, that is a non-stationarity relationship between the Wasserstein-based squared exponential kernel and its Euclidean-based counterpart. As a relevant result, the Gaussian Process model is learned by assuming the input space as Euclidean and then an algebraic transformation, based on the uncovered relation, is used to transform it into a non-stationary and Wasserstein-based Gaussian Process model over probability measures. This algebraic transformation is simpler than log-exp maps used in the case of data belonging to Riemannian manifolds and recently extended to consider the pseudo-Riemannian structure of an input space equipped with the Wasserstein distance. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gaussian noise (electronic)

Hot-carrier thermal breakdown and S-type current-voltage characteristics in perforated graphene structures

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ryzhii, V. Tang, C. Ryzhii, M. Shur, M.S. Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences Tohoku University Sendai980-8578 Japan Research Institute of Electrical Communication Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Aizu Aizu-Wakamatsu965-8580 Japan Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States

We investigate the carrier transport characteristics of perforated graphene layer (PGL) composed of arrays of interdigital coplanar graphene microribbons (GMRs) connected by graphene nanoribbon (GNR) bridges. We analyze their operation at room-temperature. Under an applied bias voltage, two-dimensional electron and hole systems (2DES and 2DHS) form in adjacent GMRs. The terminal current in these PGL structures is primarily governed by thermionic transport across the GNR bridges. As electrons and holes traverse the GNRs, they induce heating in the 2DES and 2DHS, creating a positive feedback loop between carrier heating and thermionic emission. This phenomenon, characterized as hot-carrier thermal breakdown, can give rise to S-shaped inter-GMR current-voltage characteristics. These unique transport properties make PGLs promising candidates for fast, voltage-controlled room-temperature switches and electromagnetic radiation detectors. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Thermionic emission

UAV-Assisted Downlink-and-Uplink communication in the Presence of Multiple Malicious Jammers

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UAV-Assisted Downlink-and-Uplink Communication in the Presen...

IEEE Conference on Wireless communications and Networking

作者： Zhiyu Huang Zhichao Sheng Ali A. Nasir Cheng Yin Antonino Masaracchia Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks Shanghai University Shanghai China Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Communication Systems and Sensing KFUPM Dhahran Saudi Arabia Institute for Communication Systems University of Surrey U.K. School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen’s University Belfast Belfast U.K.

This paper investigates the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication network with multiple downlink users (DLUs) and uplink users (ULUs) in the presence of multiple malicious jammers. To guarantee fairness among the users and their uplink and downlink communication throughput, we aim to maximize the minimum average throughput by jointly optimizing the scheduling of ULUs/DLUs, three dimensional (3D) trajectory and the UAV transmission power. Although the optimization problem is computationally intractable due to its non-convexity, we develop an iterative algorithm based on the block coordinate descend approach and the successive convex approximation technique to solve the problem efficiently. Numerical outcomes show that our proposed algorithm can improve throughput significantly over several benchmark schemes.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Processor scheduling Benchmark testing Throughput Autonomous aerial vehicles Downlink Scheduling

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Preface

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2024年 1114 LNEE卷 v页

作者： Lin, Jerry Chun-Wei Shieh, Chin-Shiuh Horng, Mong-Fong Chu, Shu-Chuan Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Department of Distributed Systems and IT Devices Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Poland

Cognitive Twins for Predictive Maintenance and Security in IoT Software systems

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Cognitive Twins for Predictive Maintenance and Security in I...

Mobile Networks and Wireless communications (ICMNWC), IEEE International Conference on

作者： B. Venkata Swamy Pareshwar Prasad Barmola Senthil Thangavel S. Kaliappan Hardik Patel Girish Abhyankar Department of Chemistry B V Raju Institute of Technology Medak India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be University Dehradun India Distributed Systems Cloud Solutions & Machine Learning Expert Paypal Inc California USA Division of Research and Development Lovely Professional University Phagwara India Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Parul institute of Engineering and Technology Parul University Post Limda India Faculty of Law Symbiosis Law School Symbiosis International (Deemed University) Pune India

ISBN: (数字)9798331528348

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528355

The increasing complexity and interconnectedness of Internet of Things (IoT) software systems necessitate the development of intelligent solutions for predictive maintenance and security. Conventional techniques often fail to provide real-time insights and proactive responses due to the diverse and dynamic nature of IoT environments. To address these challenges, cognitive technologies offer promising avenues for enhancing the operational efficiency and security of IoT networks. This paper introduces Cognitive Twins, an AI-driven framework designed to optimize predictive maintenance and strengthen security in IoT software systems. Cognitive Twins leverage advanced machine learning models and real-time data streams to create dynamic digital replicas of IoT devices and software components. The framework employs a combination of deep learning-based anomaly detection, reinforcement learning for proactive maintenance scheduling, and natural language processing (NLP) for automated security log analysis. By continuously learning from device interactions and evolving threat patterns, Cognitive Twins predict potential failures and detect security threats before they occur, enabling real-time decision-making and automated responses. Cognitive Twins were evaluated on a large-scale IoT network, consisting of 500 nodes across multiple application domains. The framework achieved a predictive maintenance accuracy of 96.8%, reducing downtime by 35% compared to traditional models. In security applications, Cognitive Twins identified cyber threats with a detection rate of 98.3%, lowering the false positive rate to 1.5%.

关键词： Biological system modeling Decision making Reinforcement learning Software systems Real-time systems Natural language processing Maintenance Internet of Things Security Predictive maintenance

Enhancing Password Security: Analyzing Password Management Practices Among IT Students

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Enhancing Password Security: Analyzing Password Management P...

International IEEE Conference and Workshop: Óbuda on Electrical and Power Engineering (CANDO-EPE)

作者： Anita Mihalovicsne Kollar Jozsef Katona Department of Software Development and Application Institute of Computer Engineering University of Dunaujvaros Dunaujvaros Hungary Institute of Electronics and Communication Systems Kando Kalman Faculty of Electrical Engineering Obuda University Budapest Hungary GAMF Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science John Von Neumann University Kecskemet Hungary Department of Applied Quantitative Methods Faculty of Finance and Accountancy Budapest Business University Budapest Hungary

ISBN: (数字)9798331531119

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531126

Today, with the digital world in its full swing, strong password management is key to protecting sensitive information from both internal and external threats. The current research explores the passwords managing behavior of the IT students at the University of Dunaujvaros. A survey made in May 2024 questioned 68 students, 59 males and 9 females, about behaviors such as using passwords with complexity, not repeating them for multiple accounts or machines, changing them regularly, and which applications they use for password management. The findings have depicted that, as a whole, students appear to be moderately sensitive about the password security instructions. Nonetheless, most continue to indulge in unsafe practices, including easily remembered or weak passwords and infrequent password changes. Furthermore, approximately half of the responders use password management applications, indicating room for significant improvement in the future. The results suggest that intervention and special education measures should be taken to enhance the practice of password security among future IT experts. This research has good potential to contribute toward strategies designed for people behaving safely in password management, and hence promote a secure digital environment.

关键词： Surveys Continuing education Power engineering Correlation Engineering profession Education Passwords Complexity theory Security Protection

An Implementation of Answer Code Validation Program for Code Writing Problem in Java Programming Learning Assistant System

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An Implementation of Answer Code Validation Program for Code...

Information and Education Technology (ICIET), International Conference on

作者： Khaing Hsu Wai Nobuo Funabiki Soe Thandar Aung Khin Thet Mon Htoo Htoo Sandi Kyaw Wen-Chung Kao Dept. of Information and Communication Systems Okayama University Okayama Japan Dept. of Computer and Information Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

To assist Java programming learning of novice students, we have developed the web-based Java Programming Learning Assistant System (JPLAS). It provides various exercise problems to cultivate code reading and code writing skills to support studies at various levels. The code writing problem (CWP) asks a student to write a source code to pass the given test code where the correctness is verified by running them on JUnit. Previously, we implemented the answer platform for students to solve CWP assignments with the automatic runs. However, the teacher needs to manually run them one by one to verify a lot of source codes from students. In this paper, we implement the answer code validation program that automatically verifies all the source codes for one test code and reports the number of tests that each code passed with the CSV file. For evaluations, we applied the program to a total of 999 source codes from 12-43 students for a total of 45 test codes that were assigned in the Java programming course in Okayama university, including for final examinations. The application results confirm the validity and effectiveness of the proposal.

关键词： Java Codes Source coding Education Writing Proposals Programming profession