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Assistive technology in everyday living - A user survey of people with Parkinson's disease

Technology and Disability 2008年第4期20卷 271-282页

作者： Muras, Joanna A. Stokes, Emma K. Cahill, Vinny Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland Department of Physiotherapy School of Medicine Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland Department of Physiotherapy Trinity Centre for Health Sciences St. James's Hospital Dublin 8 Ireland

The aim of this study was to explore the individual circumstances of people with Parkinson's disease, as well as their ideas and opinions about assistive technology that may be used for daily living. A self-reported, user survey was designed. The results of the study were derived from a postal survey of randomly chosen members of the Parkinson's Association of Ireland. Analysis were conducted on data from 59 people. According to the survey results the majority of the participants reported problems with mobility (88%), fatigue (54%), and getting tired fast (70%). Problems with mobility included changing location (59%) and body position (51%-53%). Thirty four and twenty five percent of respondents described their physical strength and flexibility, respectively, as 'poor' or 'very poor'. For 81% of participants it was important to be able to contact someone in a case of a fall. The results of this study indicate a possible underutilisation of assistive technologies and technology by people with Parkinson's disease. In addition, the study identifies areas in which there is a demand for assistive technologies. © 2008 IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Activities of daily living Fatigue Mobility Parkinson's disease Physical difficulties Self-reported survey

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A middleware for location-based mobile applications with privacy protection 08

A middleware for location-based mobile applications with pri...

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10th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications and Services, iiWAS 2008

作者： Jorns, Oliver Quirchmayr, Gerald Research Centre Telecommunication Vienna Donau-City Strasse 1 1220 Vienna Austria University of Vienna Faculty of Computer Science Department of Distributed and Multimedia Systems Liebiggasse 4/4-6 A-1010 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781605583495

Network operators gradually open their interfaces to formerly hidden services. This fosters the development of a new class of mobile applications that take into account context information such as the location of users. However, the development of location-based services also raises the issue of users location-privacy. In this paper we introduce a service architecture that aims to overcome some of the shortages of currently existing context-aware applications by applying a novel pseudonym based privacy enhancing mechanism that is based on the notion of pseudonyms. This mechanism can even be applied on legacy mobile devices with restricted memory or processing power. Due to its flexibility many different kinds of applications are conceivable. One of the most important aspects in this respect is the highly postulated pay-as-you-go model. To illustrate our approach we demonstrate a transport ticket application that is extended by location-tracking functionality. © 2008 ACM.

关键词： Location based services

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Controlling Physical Objects with Privacy using Secure RFID System

Controlling Physical Objects with Privacy using Secure RFID ...

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New Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS)

作者： Fahad Samad Sadeq Ali Makram Department of Computer Science Communication and Distributed Systems Informatik 4 RWTH Aachen University Germany

Security and privacy threats in technological environment are great hindrances to use latest technologies for our benefits. Such threats also exist in RFID systems which are currently utilized to a great extent in ubiquitous communication. These systems can also work in combination with cellular networks to control user's physical objects in a secure way with sufficient privacy. This paper presents a secure system model which enables a user to control his possessions even sitting remotely from the objects' locations. The limitations of RFID tags are taken into account and it is shown that the system mitigates many threats keeping the privacy of the tags and the user intact.

关键词： Control systems Privacy Radiofrequency identification RFID tags Ubiquitous computing Communication system security Communication system control Information security Land mobile radio cellular systems Pervasive computing

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Wikipedia in Action: Ontological Knowledge in Text Categorization

Wikipedia in Action: Ontological Knowledge in Text Categoriz...

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International Conference on Semantic Computing

作者： Maciej Janik Krys J. Kochut Large Scale Distributed Information Systems Lab Department of Computer Science University of Georgia USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424432035

We present a new, ontology-based approach to the automatic text categorization. An important and novel aspect of this approach is that our categorization method does not require a training set, which is in contrast to the traditional statistical and probabilistic methods. In the presented method, the ontology, including the domain concepts organized into hierarchies of categories and interconnected by relationships, as well as instances and connections among them, effectively becomes the classifier. Our method focuses on (i) converting a text document into a thematic graph of entities occurring in the document, (ii) ontological classification of the entities in the graph, and (iii) determining the overall categorization of the thematic graph, and as a result, the document itself. In the presented experiments, we used an RDF ontology constructed from the full English version of Wikipedia. Our experiments, conducted on corpora of Reuters news articles, showed that our training-less categorization method achieved a very good overall accuracy.

关键词： Ontologies Encyclopedias Internet Text categorization Information services Electronic publishing Training

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Rescheduling co-allocation requests based on flexible advance reservations and processor remapping

Rescheduling co-allocation requests based on flexible advanc...

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International Workshop on Grid Computing

作者： Marco A. S. Netto Rajkumar Buyya Grid Computing and Distributed Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Australia

Large-scale computing environments, such as TeraGrid, distributed ASCI Supercomputer (DAS), and Gridpsila5000, have been using resource co-allocation to execute applications on multiple sites. Their schedulers work with requests that contain imprecise estimations provided by users. This lack of accuracy generates fragments inside the scheduling queues that can be filled by rescheduling both local and multi-site requests. Current resource co-allocation solutions rely on advance reservations to ensure that users can access all the resources at the same time. These coallocation requests cannot be rescheduled if they are based on rigid advance reservations. In this work, we investigate the impact of rescheduling co-allocation requests based on flexible advance reservations and processor remapping. The metascheduler can modify the start time of each job component and remap the number of processors they use in each site. The experimental results show that local jobs may not fill all the fragments in the scheduling queues and hence rescheduling co-allocation requests reduces response time of both local and multi-site jobs. Moreover, we have observed in some scenarios that processor remapping increases the chances of placing the tasks of multi-site jobs into a single cluster, thus eliminating the inter-cluster network overhead.

关键词： Time factors Estimation Runtime Schedules Resource management Processor scheduling Supercomputers

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A Meta-scheduler with Auction Based Resource Allocation for Global Grids

A Meta-scheduler with Auction Based Resource Allocation for ...

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International Conference on Parallel and distributed systems (ICPADS)

作者： Saurabh Kumar Garg Srikumar Venugopal Rajkumar Buyya Grid Computing and Distributed Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Australia

As users increasingly require better quality of service from grids, resource management and scheduling mechanisms have to evolve in order to satisfy competing demands on limited resources. Traditional schedulers for grids are system centric and favour system performance over increasing userpsilas utility. On the other hand market oriented schedulers are price-based systems that favour users but are based solely on user valuations. This paper proposes a novel meta-scheduler that unifies the advantages of both the systems for benefiting both users and resources. In order to do that, we design a valuation metric for userpsilas applications and computational resources based on multi-criteria requirements of users and resource load. The meta-scheduler maps user applications to suitable distributed resources using a continuous double auction (CDA). Through simulation, we compare our scheduling mechanism against other common mechanisms used by current meta-schedulers. The results show that our meta-scheduler mechanism can satisfy more users than the others while still meeting traditional system-centric performance criteria such as average load and deadline of applications.

关键词： Resource management Processor scheduling Cost accounting Grid computing Computational modeling Environmental economics Laboratories computer science Software engineering Quality of service

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Parallel distributed Processing of Constrained Skyline Queries by Filtering

Parallel Distributed Processing of Constrained Skyline Queri...

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IEEE 24th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE 2008), vol.2

作者： Bin Cui Hua Lu Quanqing Xu Lijiang Chen Yafei Dai Yongluan Zhou Department of Computer Science Peking University China Department of Computer Science University of Aalborg Denmark Distributed Information Systems Laboratory EPF Lausanne Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781424418367;1424418364

Skyline queries are capable of retrieving interesting points from a large data set according to multiple criteria. Most work on skyline queries so far has assumed a centralized storage, whereas in practice relevant data are often distributed among geographically scattered sites. In this work, we tackle constrained skyline queries in large-scale distributed environments without the assumption of any overlay structures, and propose a novel algorithm named PaDSkyline (Parallel distributed Skyline query processing). PaDSkyline significantly shortens the response time by performing parallel processing over site groups produced by a partition algorithm. Within each group, it locally optimizes the query processing over distributed sites. It also drastically enhances the network transmission efficiency by performing early reduction of skyline candidates with deliberately selected multiple filtering points. Results of extensive experiments demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of our proposals.

关键词： distributed processing Partitioning algorithms Filtration query analysis Reaction Time Distribute Parallel Lines

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From agents and plugins to plugin-agents, concepts for flexible architectures

From agents and plugins to plugin-agents, concepts for flexi...

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New Technologies, Mobility and Security Conference and Workshops, NTMS 2008

作者： Schleinzer, Benjamin Cabac, Lawrence Moldt, Daniel Duvigenau, Michael RWTH Aachen University Department of Computer Science Communication and Distributed Systems Ahornstr. 55 D-52062 Aachen Germany University of Hamburg Department of Informatics Group TGI Vogt-Kölln-Straße 30 D-22527 Hamburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9782953244304

Flexibility in software systems is needed to allow adaption to increasing demands of users. To ease the development of flexible architectures several approaches are used, which often differ already on the conceptual grounds. Two of these paradigms are characterized by the strong underlying metaphors plugins and agents. Plugins emphasize on an extension relation between pairs of components where each component participates in a clearly specified role. Agents have a wide variety of attributes, such as mobility, autonomy, adaptability and pro-activeness. The general relationship of agents is that of peers mutually offering and using their services - higher organizational abstractions have to be implemented based on this service-oriented view. This paper proposes to conjoin both paradigms of multi-agent systems and plugin systems, leading to the concept of a pluginagent. First, we discuss characteristics of both concepts. The discussion clearly shows that agents and extensible components have structural similarities. This follows the combination of both concepts into the new concept of the plugin-agent. The approach presented in this paper is unique as it handles both concepts on the same architectural level - to our knowledge, all other existing combinations of agents and plugins use one of the concepts to model or implement the other. © 2008 ESRGroups.

关键词： Autonomous agents

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Service and Utility Oriented distributed Computing systems: Challenges and Opportunities for Modeling and Simulation Communities

Service and Utility Oriented Distributed Computing Systems: ...

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Annual Symposium on Simulation

作者： Rajkumar Buyya Grid Computing and Distributed Systems (GRIDS) Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Australia

Summary form only given. Grids and peer-to-peer (P2P) networks have emerged as popular platforms for the next generation parallel and distributed computing. In these environments, resources are geographically distributed, managed and owned by various organizations with different policies, and interconnected by wide-area networks or the Internet. This introduces a number of resource management and application scheduling challenges in the domain of security, resource and policy heterogeneity, fault tolerance, and dynamic resource conditions. In these dynamic distributed computing environments, it is hard and challenging to carry out resource management design studies in a repeatable and controlled manner as resources and users are autonomous and distributed across multiple organizations with their own policies. Therefore, simulations have emerged as the most feasible technique for analyzing policies for resource allocation. This paper presents emerging trends in distributed computing and their promises for revolutionizing the computing field, and identifies distinct characteristics and challenges in building them. We motivate opportunities for modeling and simulation communities and present our discrete-event grid simulation toolkit, called GridSim, used by researchers world-wide for investigating the design of utility-oriented computing systems such as data centers and grids. We present various case studies on the use of GridSim in modeling and simulation of business grids, parallel applications scheduling, workflow scheduling, and service pricing and revenue management.

关键词： distributed computing Computational modeling Resource management Processor scheduling Peer to peer computing Next generation networking computer network management Environmental management IP networks Dynamic scheduling

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Gridbus Work?ow Management System on Clouds and Global Grids

Gridbus Work?ow Management System on Clouds and Global Grids

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IEEE International Conference on e-science and Grid Computing

作者： Suraj Pandey Chao Jin William Voorsluys Mustafizur Rahman Rajkumar Buyya Grid Computing and Distributed Systems GRIDS Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Australia

The Gridbus workflow management system (GWMS) is designed to execute scientific applications, expressed in the form of workflows, onto Grid and Cloud resources. With the help of this system, we demonstrate a computational and data-intensive Image Registration (IR) workflow for functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) applications on Clouds and global Grids. We also present a demonstration of the Aneka System. Aneka is a .NET based Cloud software platform that provides: (i) a configurable service container hosting pluggable services for discovering, scheduling various types of workloads and (ii) a flexible and extensible framework supporting various programming models. We use distributed Grid and Cloud resources from Australia, Austria, France, Japan, and USA for the executions of image registration workflow, and resources from Melbourne University for executing map-reduce applications in Aneka cloud environment.

关键词： Image registration Workflow management software Cloud computing Grid computing Optical computing Magnetic resonance imaging Application software Containers Processor scheduling Australia

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