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Zero Trust Networks: Evolution and Application from Concept to Practice

computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 1593-1613页

作者： Yongjun Ren Zhiming Wang Pradip Kumar Sharma Fayez Alqahtani Amr Tolba Jin Wang School of Computer Science School of Cyber Science and EngineeringEngineering Research Center of Digital ForensicsMinistry of EducationNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Department of Computing Science University of AberdeenAberdeenAB243FXUK Software Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Sanya Institute of Hunan University of Science and Technology Sanya572024China

In the context of an increasingly severe cybersecurity landscape and the growing complexity of offensive and defen-sive techniques,Zero Trust Networks(ZTN)have emerged as a widely recognized *** Trust not only addresses the shortcomings of traditional perimeter security models but also consistently follows the fundamental principle of“never trust,always verify.”Initially proposed by John Cortez in 2010 and subsequently promoted by Google,the Zero Trust model has become a key approach to addressing the ever-growing security threats in complex network *** paper systematically compares the current mainstream cybersecurity models,thoroughly explores the advantages and limitations of the Zero Trust model,and provides an in-depth review of its components and key ***,it analyzes the latest research achievements in the application of Zero Trust technology across various fields,including network security,6G networks,the Internet of Things(IoT),and cloud computing,in the context of specific use *** paper also discusses the innovative contributions of the Zero Trust model in these fields,the challenges it faces,and proposes corresponding solutions and future research directions.

关键词： Zero trust cybersecurity software-defined perimeter micro-segmentation internet of things

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A three-step SEM-Bayesian network approach for predicting the determinants of CloudIoT-based healthcare adoption

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International Journal of information technology (Singapore) 2024年 1-21页

作者： Altawaiha, Iyad Atan, Rodziah Yaakob, Razali Bin Abdullah, Rusli Bin Hj Department of Software Engineering and Information Systems Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Serdang 43400 Malaysia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Serdang 43400 Malaysia

Adopting the CloudIoT-based healthcare paradigm provides various prospects for medical IT and considerably enhances healthcare services. However, compared to the advanced development of CloudIoT-based healthcare systems, their usage is relatively low among healthcare professionals in hospitals. Thus, a study on the healthcare professionals acceptance and adoption of CloudIoT-based healthcare is critical. This study explores factors influencing healthcare professionals adoption of CloudIoT-based healthcare solutions by extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of technology 2 model. Data was collected from 300 healthcare professionals in Jordan through an online questionnaire developed using the Google^® form application. The Bayesian Network and Structural Equation Modeling techniques were used to analyze and validate the proposed model. The results revealed that the healthcare professional’s behavioral intention is directly affected by seven factors: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, habit, trust, privacy, and security. The results also indicate that trust mediates the influence of privacy, facilitating conditions, and performance expectancy on behavioral intention. The research results will aid CloudIoT service providers, healthcare organizations, designers, and developers by offering comprehensive knowledge of the significant factors of CloudIoT-based healthcare adoption. A better understanding of these factors will help these stakeholder groups enhance their services and speed up the adoption of CloudIoT in the healthcare area. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Adoption Bayesian network CloudIoT Healthcare professionals Structural equation modeling UTAUT2

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SWIFT: Swarm Intelligence Driven ESL Synthesis for Functional Trojan Fortification 10

SWIFT: Swarm Intelligence Driven ESL Synthesis for Functiona...

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10th IEEE International Symposium on Smart Electronic Systems, iSES 2024

作者： Sengupta, Anirban Chaurasia, Rahul Indian Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indore India Indian Institute of Information Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bhopal India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533229

This paper presents a novel Swarm Intelligence driven Electronic System-Level (ESL) synthesis-based security methodology for functional Trojan fortification (called 'SWIFT'). Backdoor functional Trojan covertly inserted in the reusable hardware designs is a major concern for ensuring reliability functionality of consumer electronics (CE) systems and also for ensuring consumer trust. Erroneous computed output due to malicious functional Trojan can cause malfunctioning of such reusable IP cores. Therefore, the proposed methodology introduces a framework that integrates triple modular redundancy (TMR) along with a unique multi-vendor allocation that enables the generation of Trojan fortified (resistant) reusable hardware intellectual property (IP) designs capable of countering functional Trojan, if present and producing the correct output. The proposed approach integrates the swarm intelligence-based design space exploration (DSE) process with Trojan fortification design process to optimize any possible design overhead incurred due to TMR design. Results of the experimental evaluation prove that the proposed approach can generate low-cost Trojan fortified IP designs at meagre exploration time and at the expense of nominal overhead compared to prior work (that handle Trojan detection only). Further, the presented approach can handle a several potential vulnerabilities in the DSP design, which shows its robust security strength. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Swarm intelligence

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Enabling technology Integrated Learning for Autistic Children Using Augmented Reality Based Cognitive Rehabilitation

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SN computer science 2024年第1期5卷 151页

作者： Abdullah, A. Sheik Karthikeyan, J. Gomathi, V. Parkavi, R. Rajarajeswari, P. School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Engineering College Kovilpatti India Department of Information Technology Thiagarajar College of Engineering Madurai India

Augmented reality (AR)-based rehabilitation is an excellent teaching tool (ICT tool) for simulating daily activities for autistic children. Children with autism may become more mentally capable with this type of AR-based rehabilitation. It is intended to observe the children's performance in terms of concentration, attention, and identification. The observation has been done through placards as a target image to display the 3D objects on a mobile phone or tablet. In this project, observations are made for 21 autism children in the age group of 7–14, out of whom 17 are boys and 5 are girls. Those 21 children are given practice identifying 15 different objects in an augmented reality environment. Their performance was initially evaluated using conventional instructional techniques. The majority of the kids were having more difficulty identifying things during that observation. Then, with an Augmented Reality environment, the identical observation has been made once more. Using a mobile device or tablet, the 3D objects from the provided placard photos are produced in an augmented reality environment with animation and voice in the languages of English and Tamil. Children with autism are able to recognize and also grasp the behaviors of those objects while viewing them in 3D. Their efforts are measured using a two-point scale (0, 1, 2). The pre-assessment and post-assessment reports for the above observations are tabulated. All the observations are made in the presence of the special education teacher (therapist). However, the children observed in this project fall into three different categories: mild, moderate, and severe. In the Mild category, statistical significance is evident with p values of 0.002 in pre-assessment and 0.014 in post-assessment. Likewise, in the Moderate category, where p values are 0.023 in pre-assessment and 0.033 in post-assessment, significance is observed, as all p values fall below the chosen significance level of 0.05. This leads to rejecti

关键词： Augmented reality (AR) Autism ICT tools Observation Rehabilitation Teaching methodology

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Provably-Secure LED Block Cipher Diffusion and Confusion Based on Chaotic Maps

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2023年第6期47卷 105-114页

作者： Al-Saadi, Hussain M. Alshawi, Imad S. Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Basrah Basrah Iraq

Lightweight cryptography algorithms have concentrated on key generation's randomness, unpredictable nature, and complexity to improve the resistance of ciphers. Therefore, the key is an essential component of every cryptography algorithm since it affects the algorithm's level of security. Light Encryption Device (LED) is a high-performance, lightweight block encryption solution that works on resource-constrained devices and considers a lighter version of AES. It employs a 64-bit block cipher with two significant instances using 64-bit and 128-bit keys, respectively. A lack of key scheduling in LED heightens security risks, such as key-related attacks. Specifically, now that LED has been hacked and is no longer secure. Therefore, LED must achieve a high diffusion and confusion level to withstand known attacks. Chaos-based encryption provides an exceptionally high level of security because of the unique characteristics of chaotic systems, which are defined by various nonlinear deterministic dynamic equations. Merge LED algorithm and the advantages of chaotic maps randomness provide successful confusion and diffusion property to improve the LED algorithm's shortcomings by increasing its security. This paper presents a lightweight approach to construct a robust, sufficiently using 3-D Lorenz system chaotic map to generate a one-time pseudo-random bit key to avoid being predicted by adversaries, resulting in achieving sound confusion and diffusion and withstand known assaults. A NIST test suite found that the performance of the LED based on the 3-D Lorenz chaotic map approach in terms of data secrecy is nearly 0.3003 higher than that of the LED and keeps the trade-off between computation cost and security. © 2023 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lyapunov methods

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HCBiL-DMN: an effective food infestation detection from stored food grains using deep learning model

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第14期84卷 14047-14070页

作者： Vedavathi, N. Suhas Bharadwaj, R. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering Karnataka Mysuru570002 India Department of Information Science and Engineering The National Institute of Engineering Karnataka Mysuru570008 India

Food Infestation Detection is more important for food safety and health concerns. It is a challenging task to separate the grains into infested or non-infested. It is found that in the existing system, there is no effective approach for the early detection of pest populations and for classifying crops as infested or non-infested. Therefore, the identification and categorization of early-stage grain infestations is in high demand. To address the above problem, this research presents a better technique for detecting and classifying infested and non-infested grains. Initially, the maize, wheat and olive image datasets are collected, which are then pre-processed using data normalization and adaptive wiener filtering (AdwF) approach to improve the excellence of the input images. Image quality helps in achieving better performance and also helps in analyzing the quality of food grains effectively. Feature extraction is done using the Dense Residual Pyramidal Dilated Convolution Network (DR-PDCNet) technique, and feature selection is done using the Linear Discriminant Coati Optimization (LD-CoA) algorithm. The Hybrid Convolutional Bi-LSTM based Deep Maxout Network (HCBiL-DMN) model is used to detect the infected food grains in the preserved food grains with high accuracy. This research explores the potential and future possibilities for using technology to ensure the quality, assessment, and monitoring of nutritional grains during storage. The performance results are achieved with 98.3% accuracy, 99.12% recall, 98.65% precision, 98.02% MCC, and 99.32% F1 score. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Convolution

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Collaborative Service Provisioning for UAV-Assisted Mobile Edge Computing

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第6期33卷 1504-1514页

作者： Yuben QU Zhenhua WEI Zhen QIN Tao WU Jinghao MA Haipeng DAI Chao DONG The Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Colllege of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology Department of Information and Communication Noncommissioned Officer Academy of PAP National University of Defense Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University

Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-assisted mobile edge computing(MEC), as a way of coping with delaysensitive and computing-intensive tasks, is considered to be a key technology to solving the challenges of terrestrial MEC networks. In this work, we study the problem of collaborative service provisioning(CSP) for UAV-assisted MEC. Specifically, taking into account the task latency and other resource constraints, this paper investigates how to minimize the total energy consumption of all terrestrial user equipments, by jointly optimizing computing resource allocation, task offloading, UAV trajectory, and service placement. The CSP problem is a non-convex mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, owing to the complex coupling of mixed integral variables and non-convexity of CSP. To address the CSP problem, this paper proposes an alternating optimization-based solution with the convergence guarantee as follows. We iteratively deal with the joint service placement and task offloading subproblem, and UAV movement trajectory subproblem, by branch and bound and successive convex approximation, respectively,while the closed form of the optimal computation resource allocation can be efficiently obtained. Extensive simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm compared to three baselines.

关键词： Energy consumption Multi-access edge computing Collaboration Programming Autonomous aerial vehicles Minimization Trajectory Resource management Optimization Convergence

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Enhancing patient-independent detection of freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease with deep adversarial network

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年 1-21页

作者： Fahad, Md Shah Ranjan, Ashish Kumar, Gautam Department of Computer Science and Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Jharkhand Ranchi India Department of Computer Science and Engineering C. V. Raman Global University Odisha Bhubaneswar India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Delhi Delhi India

Freezing of gait (FoG) refers to sudden, relatively brief episodes of gait arrest in Parkinson’s disease, known to manifest in the advanced stages of the condition. Events of freezing are associated with tumbles, traumas, and psychological repercussions, significantly impacting the patient’s quality of life. The use of accelerometer data derived from sensors put on a patient’s body to detect FoG has previously been proposed using convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning algorithms. Here, we combine a CNN + Long short-term Memory (LSTM)-attention model to detect FoG episodes—a first for the detection of FoG using the accelerometer data. CNN facilitates automatic feature extraction from the accelerometer data itself. The output from the CNN is fed to the LSTM network, which is known for capturing sequential information. Further, the attention mechanism introduces relative focus on individual sub-sequences during the training of the LSTM network. The proposed model is made patient independent using adversarial training. The proposed model achieved improvements of +7.60% (without adversarial training) and + 8.36% (with adversarial training) in the sensitivity values over state of the art. This is obtained with little or no compromise in specificity values. The corresponding improvements in accuracy values are +3.81 and +2.23%, respectively. These findings imply that the proposed method can detect FoG gaits satisfactorily and can be effective in achieving accurate monitoring and gait assistance for Parkinson’s disease patients during daily life and rehabilitation therapy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Accelerometers

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Enhancing Hybrid Classification for Plant Diseases With Deep Feature Selection Based on Analytical Entropy and Statistical Method

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 86781-86798页

作者： Phiphatkamtorn, Phanthawat Jitanan, Sutasinee Naresuan University Faculty of Science Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Phitsanulok65000 Thailand

A significant portion of research in the hybrid classification area aims to reduce the number of deep features. However, many approaches insufficiently address the relationships between deep features and specific classes or diseases. This study aims to use information entropy to distinguish between valuable and less valuable features in the extracted deep feature set. The architecture of state-of-the-art models influences the characteristics of deep features, which can be categorized into three types: negative, zero, and positive values. Accurate predictions in typical machine learning models entail identifying valuable features, especially those with the most positive values. We perform one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mutual information (MI) analysis to verify the correlation between the remaining deep features and specific classes or diseases. We discard features with weak relations based on predefined thresholds established by the involved f-statistic and MI mean values. This enhanced hybrid classification approach uses the entropy mean threshold, skewness visualization, the standard deviation, and the mean probability of valuable feature threshold to select valuable features and remove less valuable features, as well as one-way ANOVA and MI to evaluate relations and eliminate weakly related deep features. The results of all experiments show that the proposed approach exhibits higher accuracy than traditional hybrid classification and remains effective across all plant species. For tomatoes, ResNet-34 is the best model, achieving an excellent accuracy of 99.94% with 98 features. For sugarcane, ResNet-34 achieves a remarkable accuracy of 99.41% with 121 features. For corn, EfficientNet-B4 attains a significant accuracy of 99.77% with 123 features. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

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Wrist joint synovial hypertrophy and effusion detection in musculoskeletal ultrasound images using self-attention U-Net

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第41期83卷 89317-89334页

作者： Chang, Chuan-Wang Chang, Chuan-Yu Zhu, Yu-Xian Wang, Sz-Tsan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliu Taiwan Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Dalin Chiayi Taiwan

Skeletal muscle ultrasound has emerged as a pivotal imaging modality in rheumatology clinics, offering unparalleled advantages such as radiation-free imaging, safety, and dynamic examination capabilities. However, its reliance on operator expertise often leads to inconsistent interpretations and diagnostic variability. In this study, we present a novel diagnostic system aimed at detecting rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the wrist joint, with a focus on identifying synovial hypertrophy and effusion using musculoskeletal ultrasound images. Leveraging deep learning techniques, specifically semantic segmentation models, we introduce SEAT-UNet, which combines the U-Net architecture with a self-attention mechanism to enhance the accuracy of lesion classification and localization. SEAT-UNet addresses the challenge of discontinuous dispersion encountered in conventional segmentation models, particularly when delineating lesion areas. Our experimental results demonstrate exceptional performance, achieving a sensitivity and Dice coefficient of 100% and 84%, respectively, in synovial hypertrophy detection, and 86% sensitivity with an 84% Dice coefficient in effusion detection. These findings underscore the potential of SEAT-UNet as a valuable tool for early RA diagnosis, offering improved patient outcomes and facilitating more effective disease management strategies. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Diagnosis

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