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1st International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Blockchain, and Communication Technologies, ISBCom 2024

作者： Kumar, Deepika Srivastava, Varun Gupta, Shilpa Jamil, Akhtar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering New Delhi India Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Uttar Pradesh Noida India Department of Computer Science and Engineering JIMS Engineering Management and Technical Campus Uttar Pradesh Greater Noida India Department of Computer Science National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031823763

Brain tumour besides being lethal can also affect other human organs on a long-term basis if not detected at an early stage. Based on the region of its presence and speed of growth, it can be classified as Glioma, Meningioma. or Pituitary. In the given work, a Stacked Neural Net approach for the classification of brain tumour is presented. The images are first pre-processed using Histogram equalization and One Hot Encoding. Thereby, the improved images are fed into 3 popular pre-trained deep networks viz. Res-Net-50, VGG-16, and Xception as level-0 models in parallel. The features extracted are then fed into a neural network as level 1 learner for the final classification. A publicly available Figshare dataset has been used for testing the performance. The suggested approach has been thoroughly evaluated against its base models using accuracy, precision, and recall metrics and also the performance has been analysed using accuracy and loss curves along with epochs. The suggested model achieved a validation and training accuracy of 97.3% and 98.12% respectively. It has been observed that the suggested model referred here as Stacked-Neural-Net outperforms when compared to the conventional deep learning methods and state-of-the-art methods. An improvement of 3.35%, 1.3% and 1.7% is achieved over Inception ResNetV1, a basic CNN and Alex-Net CNN models. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Automatic lung cancer detection using hybrid particle snake swarm optimization with optimized mask RCNN

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第31期83卷 76807-76831页

作者： Sudha, R. Maheswari, K. M. Uma Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of computing College of engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur India Department of Computing Technologies School of Computing College of engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur India

As a result of its aggressive nature and late identification at advanced stages, lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancer early diagnosis is a serious and difficult challenge that is crucial to a person's survival. The first diagnosis of the malignant nodules is typically made using chest radiography (X-rays) and computed tomography (CT) scans;however, the potential presence of benign nodules results in incorrect conclusions. The early phases of both benign and malignant nodules exhibit striking similarities. In this paper, a novel deep learning-based model is proposed for the precise diagnosis of malignant nodules. The proposed approach consists of two stages namely, pre-processing and lung nodule detection. Initially, the Lung CT scan images are collected from the dataset. Then, to remove the noise present in the input image, we apply an adaptive median filter. Then, to enhance the image, Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) is applied. After pre-processing, the image is given to the optimized mask RCNN classifier to detect the malignant and benign nodules. To enhance the performance of the Mask RCNN classifier, the hyper-parameters are optimally selected using hybrid particle snake swarm optimization (PS2OA). The proposed PS2OA is a hybridization of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and snake swarm optimization (SSO). The performance of the proposed approach is analyzed based on different metrics and effectiveness compared with state-of-the-art works. The proposed approach attained the maximum accuracy of 97.67%. This work aimed at assisting radiologists to detect and diagnose small-size pulmonary nodules more accurately. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Diagnosis

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Kernel-Based Actor–Critic Learning Framework for Autonomous Brain Control on Trajectory

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems 2025年第3期17卷 554-563页

作者： Song, Zhiwei Zhang, Xiang Chen, Shuhang Tan, Jieyuan Wang, Yiwen Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Hong Kong

Reinforcement learning (RL)-based brain–machine interfaces (BMIs) hold promise for restoring motor functions in paralyzed individuals. These interfaces interpret neural activity to control external devices through trial-and-error. In brain control (BC) tasks, subjects control the device continuously moving in space by imagining their own limb movement, in which the subject can change direction at any position before reaching the target. Such multistep BC tasks span a large space both in neural state and over a sequence of movements. However, conventional RL decoders face challenges in efficient exploration and limited guidance from delayed rewards. In this article, we propose a kernel-based actor–critic learning framework for multistep BC tasks. Our framework integrates continuous trajectory control (actor) and internal continuous state value estimation (critic) from medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity. We evaluate our algorithm's performance in a BC three-lever discrimination task using data from two rats, comparing it to a kernel RL decoder with internal binary rewards and delayed external rewards. Experimental results show that our approach achieves faster convergence, shorter target-acquisition time, and shorter distances to targets. These findings highlight the potential of our algorithm for clinical applications in multistep BC tasks. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Kinmen Wind Lion Face Generation Based on the Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network 13

Kinmen Wind Lion Face Generation Based on the Deep Convoluti...

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13th IEEE Global Conference on Consumer Electronic, GCCE 2024

作者： Wu, Chia-Huan Zhao, Yu-Xiang Chou, Cheng-Hou Hsieh, Yi-Zeng National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Taiwan National Quemoy University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355079

Under the advancements of science and technology at present, artificial intelligence has become widely applied in daily life. Hence, deep learning has attracted much attention in recent years and has been widely used in recognition, classification and generation. The results generated by generative adversarial networks have become increasingly realistic and are now being applied to human face generation and reconstruction. Among the various technologies, the deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN) is more widely used. Based on the trained DCGAN of human and cat faces, this paper collected Kinmen wind lion data by YOLOv3 and crawler technology and transferred the data to the DCGAN of wind lions through network-based transfer learning to generate complete wind lion faces. The experimental process consisted of four parts. The wind lion dataset was directly used to train the DCGAN in the first two parts, and the DCGAN of the human and cat faces was used for transfer learning in the second two parts. According to the results, the training effect of human face-based transfer learning was the best and was the closest to Kinmen's wind lions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Breast cancer images Classification using a new transfer learning technique

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

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Iraqi Journal for computer science and Mathematics 2023年第1期4卷 167-180页

作者： Mukhlif, Abdulrahman Abbas Al-Khateeb, Belal Mohammed, Mazin Abed Computer Science Department College of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Anbar Anbar Ramadi31001 Iraq

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women, which requires building smart systems to help doctors and early detection of cancer. Deep learning applications have emerged in many fields, especially in health care, but there are still some limitations in this technique, such as the small number of classified medical images needed to train deep learning models, to solve this problem, transfer learning technology appeared based on transferring knowledge from pre-trained models on ImageNet and setting them to the current task, but there is still a problem that the features extracted from ImageNet are not medical, so this paper aims to find a solution to this problem by using new techniques for transfer learning by taking advantage of the presence of unclassified medical images of the same disease to reduce the impact of ImageNet. The proposed approach was applied to the modified Xception model to classify the histological images of breast cancer in the ICIAR 2018 dataset into four classes: invasive carcinoma, in situ carcinoma, benign, and normal. The proposed approach has obtained 99%, 99.003%, 98.995%, 99%, 98.55%, and 99.14% for accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, sensitivity, and specificity respectively. Our work has been compared with previous works. © 2023 Iraqi Journal for computer science and Mathematics. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image classification

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Traffic sign recognition model based on scale sequence features and high-order spatial interactions

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第5期37卷 3605-3620页

作者： Zhang, Gan Wang, Yafei Li, Wenju Fu, Xianping School of Information Science and Technology Dalian Maritime University Dalian116026 China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai201418 China Pengcheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055 China

Traffic sign recognition is an integral part of driver assistance systems play a crucial role in enhancing road safety. Due to a large number of challenging targets, such as occlusion, distortion, and small targets in actual scenes, existing methods still have bottlenecks in the accuracy of detection and recognition. Therefore, this paper proposes a real-time traffic sign recognition model based on scale sequence features (SSFs) and high-order spatial interactions (HOSIs) on the basis of YOLOv5. This model extracted scale-invariant SSF using a high-dimensional convolution on the underlying feature map to improve the detection effect of multi-scale targets. At the same time, recursive gated convolution modules are integrated into the feature pyramid network, expanding the interactions to arbitrary order and providing richer feature information for high-order convolutions. In addition, a cross-stage partial (CSP) structure is incorporated into the spatial pooling pyramid, which improves the structure’s performance without introducing excessive computational complexity. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieves 95.5% and 99.92% of mAP on Tsinghua–Tencent 100K (TT100K) and German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark (GTSRB), respectively, which surpass the performance of the most advanced model and meets the requirements of real-time detection. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Convolution

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Statistical Detection of Malicious iOS Apps through Ensemble and Active Learning 2023

Statistical Detection of Malicious iOS Apps through Ensemble...

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15th International Conference on Contemporary Computing, IC3 2023

作者： Bhatt, Arpita Jadhav Agarwal, Parul Department of Computer Science & Engineering and Information Technology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology India

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700224

iOS is one of the most broadly used mobile operating systems after Android. In today's era, smartphones are widely used to perform several tasks such as net banking, GPS tracking, ordering products, etc. One of the main features of smartphones is that their capabilities can be expanded by installing third-party apps. However, these apps pose privacy threats to the user as they contain a lot of user's personal information, which may be vulnerable to attackers. Background studies have identified that a lot of user's personal and sensitive data is stored on smartphones and thus, they have become a perfect target for privacy threats in the whole mobile ecosystem. Machine learning techniques to detect malware apps have offered promising results for the Android platform whereas nominal work has been done for the iOS platform. In this paper, we are incorporating various machine learning techniques to detect malicious iOS apps from several categories. Some of the ensemble learning techniques with different classification algorithms are inculcated to enhance the precision of classifiers. A weighted average method on active and ensemble learning has been proposed which proved to be more efficient as compared to other machine learning techniques in most of the categories. Our empirical analysis has demonstrated that the proposed technique is statistically significant than active and ensemble learning. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Smartphones

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Cybernet Model:A New Deep Learning Model for Cyber DDoS Attacks Detection and Recognition

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1275-1295页

作者： Azar Abid Salih Maiwan Bahjat Abdulrazaq Department of Information Technology Technical College of DuhokDuhok Polytechnic UniversityDuhokIraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZakhoDuhokIraq

Cyberspace is extremely dynamic,with new attacks arising *** cybersecurity controls is vital for network *** Learning(DL)models find widespread use across various fields,with cybersecurity being one of the most crucial due to their rapid cyberattack detection capabilities on networks and *** capabilities of DL in feature learning and analyzing extensive data volumes lead to the recognition of network traffic *** study presents novel lightweight DL models,known as Cybernet models,for the detection and recognition of various cyber Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)*** models were constructed to have a reasonable number of learnable parameters,i.e.,less than 225,000,hence the name“lightweight.”This not only helps reduce the number of computations required but also results in faster training and inference ***,these models were designed to extract features in parallel from 1D Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM),which makes them unique compared to earlier existing architectures and results in better performance *** validate their robustness and effectiveness,they were tested on the CIC-DDoS2019 dataset,which is an imbalanced and large dataset that contains different types of DDoS *** results revealed that bothmodels yielded promising results,with 99.99% for the detectionmodel and 99.76% for the recognition model in terms of accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 ***,they outperformed the existing state-of-the-art models proposed for the same ***,the proposed models can be used in cyber security research domains to successfully identify different types of attacks with a high detection and recognition rate.

关键词： Deep learning CNN LSTM Cybernet model DDoS recognition

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Quantified emotion analysis based on design principles of color feature recognition in pictures

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第19期83卷 57243-57267页

作者： Chen, Chin-Ling Huang, Qing-Yang Zhou, Ming Huang, Der-Chen Liu, Ling-Chun Deng, Yong-Yuan School of Information Engineering Changchun Sci-Tech University Jilin Province Changchun130600 China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chaoyang University of Technology Taichung City413310 Taiwan Xiamen Academy of Arts and Design Fuzhou University Fujian Xiamen361024 China School of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Fujian Xiamen361024 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Chung-Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan

When people observe pictures, different pictures will generate different emotions, and the painters often convey emotional energy to the audience through the media. Through the effect of this emotional transfer, people get emotional satisfaction psychologically, and the author can better express the emotion he needs to express by using the principle. For those who do not know art appreciation, it is difficult to accurately describe the feelings brought by pictures and describe them accurately. It is also difficult to quickly and accurately find the picture of the corresponding feeling sought by oneself. This paper presents a quantitative picture emotion analysis method. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and colors of the pictures that arouse people's emotions, the classification planning is carried out in RGB space and HSV color space respectively. And the combination analysis of the color features with strong influence is carried out to select a more appropriate color space for the expression of human feelings. At the same time, the paper also discusses the effect of the black-and-white filling and the brightness saturation of the image. Finally, it makes use of the corresponding design principles to carry out a quantitative analysis of the emotion generated by it. The system performs a combined analysis of a picture from these directions and presents the results to the user. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023.

关键词： Color

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Data-Driven Decision Support by Utilizing Machine Learning to Predict Passenger Flow for Route and Station Optimization

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 2025年 1-20页

作者： Patel, Madhuri Patel, Samir B. Swain, Debabrata Department of Computer Engineering Pandit Deendayal Energy University Gandhinagar India Department of Information Technology L D College of Engineering Ahmedabad India

A smart public transportation system with reliable services addresses urban challenges like traffic congestion, infrastructure maintenance, travel costs, and pollution. As part of smart city initiatives, urban public transport systems have adopted advanced data collection methods, enabling data analytics and predictive model development. This study evaluates optimal machine learning models for predicting passenger flow across routes and stations within the Thane Municipal Transport (TMT) network using real historical data from March 2021 to May 2022. Key spatial and temporal features such as weekday patterns, route distance and direction, public holidays, COVID-19 impacts, and weather conditions were identified through exploratory data analysis and incorporated into the models. Several algorithms, including Decision Trees, XGBoost, Extra Tree Regressor, and Random Forest, were implemented to predict daily passenger commute on an hourly basis. Random Forest emerged as the most accurate model, achieving an MAE of 114.55, RMSE of 236.71, and an R2 of 0.9516, leveraging its ensemble approach to capture complex, non-linear patterns and ensure robustness to variability, including disruptions caused by the pandemic. These findings provide actionable insights for optimizing route design, bus allocation, maintenance scheduling, and overall transport system efficiency, enabling stakeholders to achieve sustainable and adaptive public transport management. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2025.

关键词： Traffic congestion

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