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Hybrid Avatar-Agent Technology - A Conceptual Step towards Mediated "Social" Virtual Reality and its Respective Challenges

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i-com 2015年第2期14卷 107-114页

作者： Roth, Daniel Latoschik, Marc Erich Vogeley, Kai Bente, Gary Media and Communication Psychology Department of Psychology University of Cologne Cologne Germany Human-Computer Interaction Institute for Computer Science University of Würzburg Würzburg Germany Cognitive Neuroscience Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany Department of Psychiatry University Hospital of Cologne Cologne Germany Media and Communication Psychology Department of Psychology University of Cologne Cologne Germany Department of Communication Michigan State University East Lansing United States

Driven by large industry investments, developments of Virtual Reality (VR) technologies including unobtrusive sensors, actuators and novel display devices are rapidly progressing. Realism and interactivity have been postulated as crucial aspects of immersive VR since the naissance of the concept. However, today's VR still falls short from creating real life-like experiences in many regards. This holds particularly true when introducing the "social dimension"into the virtual worlds. Apparently, creating convincing virtual selves and virtual others and conveying meaningful and appropriate social behavior still is an open challenge for future VR. This challenge implies both, technical aspects, such as the real-time capacities of the systems, but also psychological aspects, such as the dynamics of human communication. Our knowledge of VR systems is still fragmented with regard to social cognition, although the social dimension is crucial when aiming at autonomous agents with a certain social background intelligence. It can be questioned though whether a perfect copy of real life interactions is a realistic or even meaningful goal of social VR development at this stage. Taking into consideration the specific strengths and weaknesses of humans and machines, we propose a conceptual turn in social VR which focuses on what we call "hybrid avatar-agent systems". Such systems are required to generate i) avatar mediated interactions between real humans, taking advantage of their social intuitions and flexible communicative skills and ii) an artificial social intelligence (AIS) which monitors, and potentially moderates or transforms ongoing virtual interactions based on social signals, such as performing adaptive manipulations of behavior in intercultural conversations. The current article sketches a respective base architecture and discusses necessary research prospects and challenges as a starting point for future research and development. © 2015 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin

关键词： Virtual reality

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Propagation of errors in citation networks: a study involving the entire citation network of a widely cited paper published in, and later retracted from, the journal Nature

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Research integrity and peer review 2016年第1期1卷 3页

作者： Paul E van der Vet Harm Nijveen 1Human Media Interaction Group Department of Computer Science University of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede 7522 NB the Netherlands. 2ZGT Academy Ziekenhuisgroep Twente Zilvermeeuw 1 Almelo 7609 PP the Netherlands. 3Bioinformatics Laboratory Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 1 Wageningen 6708 PB the Netherlands. 4Wageningen Seed Lab Laboratory of Plant Physiology Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 1 Wageningen 6708 PB the Netherlands.

BACKGROUND:In about one in 10,000 cases, a published article is retracted. This very often means that the results it reports are flawed. Several authors have voiced concerns about the presence of retracted research in the memory of science. In particular, a retracted result is propagated by citing it. In the published literature, many instances are given of retracted articles that are cited both before and after their retraction. Even worse is the possibility that these articles in turn are cited in such a way that the retracted result is propagated further. METHODS:We have conducted a case study to find out how a retracted article is cited and whether retracted results are propagated through indirect citations. We have constructed the entire citation network for this case. RESULTS:We show that directly citing articles is an important source of propagation of retracted research results. In contrast, in our case study, indirect citations do not contribute to the propagation of the retracted result. CONCLUSIONS:While admitting the limitations of a study involving a single case, we think there are reasons for the non-contribution of indirect citations that hold beyond our case study.

关键词： Citation network Citing behaviour Retraction

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Total cluster: A person agnostic clustering method for broadcast videos 14

Total cluster: A person agnostic clustering method for broad...

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9th Indian Conference on computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing, ICVGIP 2014

作者： Tapaswi, Makarand Parkhi, Omkar M. Rahtu, Esa Sommerlade, Eric Stiefelhagen, Rainer Zisserman, Andrew Computer Vision for Human Computer Interaction Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany Visual Geometry Group Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford United Kingdom Center for Machine Vision Research University of Oulu Finland

ISBN: (纸本)1595930361

The goal of this paper is unsupervised face clustering in edited video material - where face tracks arising from different people are assigned to separate clusters, with one cluster for each person. In particular we explore the extent to which faces can be clustered automatically without making an error. This is a very challenging problem given the variation in pose, lighting and expressions that can occur, and the similarities between different people. The novelty we bring is three fold: first, we show that a form of weak supervision is available from the editing structure of the material - the shots, threads and scenes that are standard in edited video;second, we show that by first clustering within scenes the number of face tracks can be significantly reduced with almost no errors;third, we propose an extension of the clustering method to entire episodes using exemplar SVMs based on the negative training data automatically harvested from the editing structure. The method is demonstrated on multiple episodes from two very different TV series, Scrubs and Buffy. For both series it is shown that we move towards our goal, and also outperform a number of baselines from previous works. Copyright is held by the authors.

关键词： Cluster analysis

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"Two Faces and a Hand Scan"- Pre- and Postoperative Insights of Patients Undergoing an Orthognathic Surgery

"Two Faces and a Hand Scan"- Pre- and Postoperative Insights...

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作者： Bremen, Luisa Kluge, Johanna Ziefle, Martina Modabber, Ali Goloborodko, Evgeny Hölzle, Frank Communication Science Human Computer Interaction Center RWTH University Aachen Germany Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery Universitätsklinikum Aachen RWTH Aachen Germany

The current study deals with an empirical approach to an improvement of the patient and doctor relationship of patients undergoing an orthognathic surgery. The aim is the development of an information and communication concept for a smooth and positive treatment for medicine and patient. Such an intervention is a decisive experience and needs to be treated very sensitive. Patients with jaw modulation often suffer from medical-functional as well as psychological problems. Also after surgery, the change of appearance might lead to adjustment disorder. Therefore, a well-elaborated treatment is needed and essential. Retrospective already operated patients were interviewed regarding their expectations, fear, hopes and wishes as well as their individual experience with the surgery. The addition of technical support in form of a 3D scan was also assessed. First results portray a big need of an improved medical education concept as well as an overall positive assessment of the 3D scan. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014.

关键词： Surgery

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Fetal Abdominal Standard Plane Localization Through Representation Learning with Knowledge Transfer

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2014年 8679卷 125-132页

作者： Chen, Hao Ni, Dong Yang, Xin Li, Shengli Heng, Pheng Ann Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR Hong Kong National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound School of Medicine Shenzhen University China Department of Ultrasound Affiliated Shenzhen Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nanfang Medical University China Human Computer Interaction Research Center Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Acquisition of the fetal abdominal standard plane (FASP) is crucial for prenatal ultrasound diagnosis. However, it requires a thorough knowledge of human anatomy and substantial experience. In this paper, we propose an automatic method to localize the FASP from US images. Unlike the previous methods that consider simple low-level features such as Haar features, we exploited the deep convolutional neural network to automatically learn the latent representation. In addition, we adopted the novel knowledge transfer method to enhance the learning performance by making use of the knowledge obtained in other domain. Experimental results on 219 fetal abdomen videos showed that the classification accuracy of our method was above 90%, outperforming other methods by a significant margin. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014.

关键词： Diagnosis

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Encouraging civic participation through local news aggregation

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Information Polity 2014年第1-2期19卷 35-56页

作者： Kavanaugh, Andrea Krishnan, Siddarth Pérez-Quiñones, Manuel Tedesco, John Madondo, Kumbirai Ahuja, Ankit Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech Blacksurg VA United States Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech Blacksurg VA United States Department of Communication Studies Virginia Tech Blacksurg VA United States Department of Sociology Virginia Tech Blacksurg VA United States

Traditional sources of information for small and rural communities have been disappearing over the past decade. A lot of the information and discussion related to such areas is now scattered across websites of numerous local organizations, individual blogs, social media and other user-generated media (YouTube, Flickr). To facilitate citizen engagement and social interaction it is important to capture this information and make it easily accessible. A system with location-based support can provide local citizens with an engaging way to interact with information and identify the local issues most relevant to them, such as a road construction site. We created an information aggregator, called the Virtual Town Square (VTS), to support and facilitate local discussion. It supports a location-based interface for users to access the information collected. In this paper, we discuss focus group interviews with local citizens that motivated our design of a system to facilitate civic participation. We then discuss the unique design challenges of a local news aggregator and our design approach to create a local information ecosystem. We also describe the initial evaluation and feedback we received from local users. We close the paper with a discussion of future changes to VTS to address its initial limitations. © 2014 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Civic participation information aggregator local information

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Automated guidance from physiological sensing to reduce thermal-work strain levels on a novel task

Automated guidance from physiological sensing to reduce ther...

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International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)

作者： Mark J. Buller Alexander P. Welles Michelle Stevens Jayme Leger Andrei Gribok Odest Chadwicke Jenkins Karl E. Friedl William Rumpler Department of Computer Science Brown University Providence RI Biophysics and Biomedical Modeling Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick Massachusetts United States Department of Agriculture Food Components and Health Laboratory Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center Maryland

This experiment demonstrated that automated pace guidance generated from real-time physiological monitoring allowed less stressful completion of a timed (60 minute limit) 5 mile treadmill exercise. An optimal pacing policy was estimated from a Markov decision process that balanced the goals of the movement task and the thermal-work strain safety constraints. The machine guided pace was based on current physiological strain index (PSI), the time, and the distance already completed. Fourteen healthy and fit young subjects participated in the study (9 men, 5 women). Each participated in an unguided exercise session followed by a guided one. In the unguided session, they were instructed to complete 5 miles in 60 minutes and to try to finish at the lowest body temperature possible; in the guided sessions, participants were instructed to match machine-provided pacing guidance provided every 2 minutes. Continuous real-time measures of heart rate and core body temperature were obtained from a wearable Hidalgo Equivital TM EQ-02 and the MiniMitter Jonah thermometer pill. Of the fourteen subjects, 13 completed the 5 miles in one hour for the unguided session; at least three different self-pacing strategies were observed, with an alternating speed proving to be most effective. In the guided sessions, 6 subjects were stopped by the machine guidance for exceeding the algorithms PSI “safety” limit. Eight subjects were guided to complete the task with significantly lower PSIs. The results indicate that machine guided advice shows promise for preventing hyperthermia and improving outcomes for performers of an unfamiliar task.

关键词： Strain Heating Biomedical monitoring Temperature measurement Heart rate Monitoring Mathematical model

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Analysis of oxygen saturation detection method on intelligent mobile devices

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Ruan Jian Xue Bao/Journal of Software 2015年 26卷 165-176页

作者： Chen, Yi-Neng Deng, Xiao-Ming He, Yue Lu, Lu Tian, Feng Wang, Feng Dai, Guo-Zhong Wang, Hong-An Beijing Key Laboratory of Human-Computer Interaction nstitute of Software The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Computer and Control Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650093 China

With the fast development of mobile devices and great concern on health surveillance, it is becoming increasingly popular to collect, analyze, and interpret people's health-related data by using intelligent mobile devices in their daily life. Oxygen saturation is an important physiological parameter referring to the concentration of oxygen in the blood, and prolonged low oxygen levels may lead to respiratory or cardiac arrest. Previous oxygen saturation detection methods require infrared light, however most of the off-the-shelf mobile devices lack such infrared light transmitter and receiver modules. This paper presents a novel oxygen saturation estimation method emplying a RGB camera and visible light in most of mobile devices. By applying of traditional optical oxygen saturation estimation model to mobile devices, and analyzing its problem for those devices, this study proposes a new oxygen saturation estimation model on intelligent mobile devices and offers an approach to solve the baseline drift problem in mobile cameras. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and its potentials in many oxygen saturation based researches such as daily-activity based healthcare with mobile devices. © Copyright 2015, Institute of Software, the Chinese Academy of sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cameras

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Left and right hand distinction for multi-touch tabletop interactions 14

Left and right hand distinction for multi-touch tabletop int...

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19th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, IUI 2014

作者： Zhang, Zhensong Zhang, Fengjun Chen, Hui Liu, Jiasheng Wang, Hongan Dai, Guozhong 1Beijing Key Lab of Human-Computer Interaction Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences China Information Center Guodian Finance Co. Ltd. China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450321846

In multi-touch interactive systems, it is of great significance to distinguish which hand of the user is touching the surface in real time. Left-right hand distinction is essential for recognizing the multi-finger gestures and further fully exploring the potential of bimanual interaction. However, left-right hand distinction is beyond the capability of most existing multi-touch systems. In this paper, we present a new method for left and right hand distinction based on the human anatomy, work area, finger orientation and finger position. Considering the ergonomics principles of gesture designing, the body-forearm triangle model was proposed. Furthermore, a heuristic algorithm was introduced to group multi-touch contact points and then made left-right hand distinction. A dataset of 2880 images has been set up to evaluate the proposed left-right hand distinction method. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can guarantee the high recognition accuracy and real time performance in freely bimanual multi-touch interactions. © 2014 ACM.

关键词： Heuristic algorithms

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Spiral Projection Model (SPM): A New Algorithm for Robust Template Matching

Spiral Projection Model (SPM): A New Algorithm for Robust Te...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics

作者： Huang-Chia Shih Kuan-Chun Yu Human-Computer Interaction Multimedia Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Yuan Ze University

ISBN: (纸本)9781479938414

This paper describes a robust template matching algorithm undergoing rotation-scaling-translation (RST) variations via our proposed spiral projection model (SPM). Compared to other model-based methods, the proposed algorithm provides the structural and statistical information about the template in a more general and easier to comprehend format. The well-defined spiral-based projection provides high sensitivity and high scanning efficiency compared with ring projection [1]. It also preserves the inherent spatial information better than the radial projection [2]. In addition, we introduced a novel image warping scheme called the spiral aggregation map (SAM). It not only provides an efficient method for generating the desired projection profiles for matching, it also enables us to determine the rotation angle, and is invariant to scale changes. The experimental evaluation shows that the properties of the algorithm achieved very attractive results.

关键词： Template matching Rotation-invariant feature Brightness/contrast-invariance Scale invariance Pattern recognition

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