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2018 HCOMP Works in Progress and Demonstration Papers, HCOMP WIP and DEMO 2018

作者： Mohanty, Vikram Thames, David Luther, Kurt Department of Computer Science Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech ArlingtonVA United States

We introduce a web-based platform called Civil War Photo Sleuth for helping users identify unknown soldiers in portraits from the American Civil War era. Our system employs a novel person identification pipeline by leveraging the complementary strengths of crowdsourced human vision and face recognition algorithms. Copyright © 2018 for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Face recognition

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NiuEM: A Nested-iterative Unsupervised Learning Model for Single-particle Cryo-EM Image Processing

NiuEM: A Nested-iterative Unsupervised Learning Model for Si...

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2020 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2020

作者： Hu, Rui Cai, Jiaming Zheng, Wangjie Yang, Yang Shen, Hong-Bin Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Lab. of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai200240 China Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Shanghai200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728162157

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become a mainstream technology for solving spatial structures of biomacromolecules, while the processing of cryo-EM images is a very challenging task. One of the great challenges is the high noise in the images. A common method is to cluster the images with close projecting angles to get mean images, which are used for 3D reconstruction. However, due to the extremely low signal-to-noise-ratio, common clustering methods often fail to obtain high-quality mean images, leading to poorly reconstructed structures. In this study, we present a new unsupervised learning framework, called NiuEM, to discriminate images captured from different angles and yield cluster-mean images. NiuEM first generates pseudo-labels and then exploits both contrastive loss and cross-entropy loss for training convolutional layers to learn feature representations. Moreover, the pseudo-labels are updated iteratively to enhance the reliability of labels. We assess the performance of NiuEM on four data sets via both visualized and quantitative experiments. Especially, two kinds of metrics are adopted to measure the performance, regarding the clustering quality and the resolution of reconstructed 3D models, respectively. The experimental results show that NiuEM achieves very competitive clustering accuracy in the comparison with the state-of-the-art image clustering methods. Moreover, the cluster mean images yielded by NiuEM lead to better initial 3D models compared with the mainstream reconstruction tools. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Impact of delayed response on Wearable Cognitive Assistance

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Muñoz, Manuel Olguín Klatzky, Roberta Wang, Junjue Pillai, Padmanabhan Satyanarayanan, Mahadev Gross, James Division of Information Science and Engineering School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Intel Labs PittsburghPA United States

Wearable Cognitive Assistants (WCA) are anticipated to become a widely-used application class, in conjunction with emerging network infrastructures like 5G that incorporate edge computing capabilities. While prototypical studies of such applications exist today, the relationship between infrastructure service provisioning and its implication for WCA usability is largely unexplored despite the relevance that these applications have for future networks. This paper presents an experimental study assessing how WCA users react to varying end-to-end delays induced by the application pipeline or infrastructure. Participants interacted directly with an instrumented task-guidance WCA as delays were introduced into the system in a controllable fashion. System and task state were tracked in real time, and biometric data from wearable sensors on the participants were recorded. Our results show that periods of extended system delay cause users to correspondingly (and substantially) slow down in their guided task execution, an effect that persists for a time after the system returns to a more responsive state. Furthermore, the slow-down in task execution is correlated with a personality trait, neuroticism, associated with intolerance for time delays. We show that our results implicate impaired cognitive planning, as contrasted with resource depletion or emotional arousal, as the reason for slowed user task executions under system delay. The findings have several implications for the design and operation of WCA applications as well as computational and communication infrastructure, and additionally for the development of performance analysis tools for WCA. © 2020, CC-BY.

关键词： Quality of service

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BAT: A Versatile Bipartite Attention-based Approach for Comprehensive Truth Inference in Mobile Crowdsourcing

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年

作者： Liu, Jiacheng Tang, Feilong Liu, Hao Chen, Long Yu, Yichuan Zhu, Yanmin Yu, Jiadi Hou, Xiaofeng Heng, Pheng-Ann The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Engineering 999077 Hong Kong Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Computer Science Shanghai200240 China East China Normal University School of Data Science and Engineering China Simon Fraser University School of Computing Science Canada Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd China Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Shenzhen518055 China

The proliferation of smart mobile devices has catalyzed the growth of Mobile CrowdSourcing (MCS) as a distributed problem-solving paradigm. MCS platforms heavily rely on advanced truth inference techniques to extract reliable information from diverse and potentially noisy crowd-contributed data. Existing truth inference models often made simplified assumptions about workers or tasks, employing complex Bayesian models or stringent data aggregation methods. These approaches tend to be task-specific, primarily limited to categorical labeling, making adaptations to other mobile computing scenarios labor-intensive. To address these limitations, we introduce the Bipartite Attention-driven Truth (BAT), a versatile approach tailored for mobile computing environments. BAT utilizes an Attributed Bipartite Graph (ABG) to holistically model the MCS process, with workers and tasks as nodes connected by edges representing answer-specific attributes. The approach employs a bipartite graph neural network with an innovative attention mechanism to assess the importance of different answers. BAT extends beyond categorical tasks to support numerical ones by incorporating novel feature representations and model extensions. Theoretical analyses clarify the link between answer similarity and worker expertise. Extensive experiments using diverse real-world datasets demonstrate BAT's superior performance compared to state-of-the-art categorical and numerical truth inference models, highlighting its effectiveness in mobile computing scenarios. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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The Definitions of Health Apps and Medical Apps From the Perspective of Public Health and Law: Qualitative Analysis of an Interdisciplinary Literature Overview

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JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2022年第10期10卷 e37980-e37980页

作者： Maaß, Laura Freye, Merle Pan, Chen-Chia Dassow, Hans-Henrik Niess, Jasmin Jahnel, Tina Department of Health Long-Term Care and Pensions Research Center on Inequality and Social Policy University of Bremen Bremen Germany Leibniz ScienceCampus Digital Public Health Bremen Germany Institute for Information Health and Medical Law University of Bremen Bremen Germany Unit of Lifestyle-Related Disorders Department of Epidemiological Methods and Etiological Research Leibniz Institute for Prevention and Epidemiology Bremen Germany Department of Prevention and Health Promotion Institute for Public Health and Care Research University of Bremen Bremen Germany Institute for Philosophy University of Bremen Bremen Germany Human Computer Interaction Research Group Institute of Computer Science University of St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland Department of Health Services Research Institute for Public Health and Care Research University of Bremen Bremen Germany

Background: The terms health app and medical app are often used interchangeably but do not necessarily mean the same thing. To better understand these terms and better regulate such technologies, we need distinct definitions of health and medical apps. Objective: This study aimed to provide an overview of the definitions of health and medical apps from an interdisciplinary perspective. We summarized the core elements of the identified definitions for their holistic understanding in the context of digital public health. Methods: The legal frameworks for medical device regulation in the United States, the European Union, and Germany formed the basis of this study. We then searched 6 databases for articles defining health or medical apps from an interdisciplinary perspective. The narrative literature review was supported by a forward and backward snowball search for more original definitions of health and medical apps. A qualitative analysis was conducted on the identified relevant aspects and core elements of each definition. On the basis of these findings, we developed a holistic definition of health and medical apps and created a decision flowchart to highlight the differences between the 2 types. Results: The legal framework showed that medical apps could be regulated as mobile medical devices, whereas there is no legal term for health apps. Our narrative literature review identified 204 peer-reviewed publications that offered a definition of health and medical apps. After screening for original definitions and applying the snowball method, 11.8% (24/204) of the publications were included in the qualitative analysis. Of these 24 publications, 22 (88%) provided an original definition of health apps and 11 (44%) described medical apps. The literature suggests that medical apps are a part of health apps. To describe health or medical apps, most definitions used the user group, a description of health, the device, the legal regulation, collected data, or technological

关键词： DiGA digital care applications digital health digital health applications DiPA health app medical app mobile health mobile medical device mobile phone regulation snowball search

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The impact of human dispersals and local interactions on the genetic diversity of coastal Papua New Guinea over the past 2,500 years

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Nature ecology & evolution 2025年第6期9卷 908-923页

作者： Kathrin Nägele Rebecca Kinaston Dylan Gaffney Mary Walworth Adam B Rohrlach Selina Carlhoff Yilei Huang Harald Ringbauer Emilie Bertolini Monica Tromp Rita Radzeviciute Fiona Petchey Dimitri Anson Peter Petchey Claudine Stirling Malcolm Reid David Barr Ben Shaw Glenn Summerhayes Hallie Buckley Cosimo Posth Adam Powell Johannes Krause Department of Archaeogenetics Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Leipzig Germany. kathrin_naegele@eva.mpg.de. BioArch South Waitati New Zealand. contact@***. School of Archaeology University of Oxford Oxford UK. Archaeology Programme University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand. Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Leipzig Germany. CRLAO (UMR8563) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Paris France. Department of Archaeogenetics Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Leipzig Germany. School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia. Bioinformatics Group Institute of Computer Science Universität Leipzig Leipzig Germany. Department of Human Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA USA. Southern Pacific Archaeological Research (SPAR) University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand. Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory Te Aka Mātuatua - School of Science University of Waikato Hamilton New Zealand. ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage College of Arts Society and Education James Cook University Cairns Queensland Australia. Southern Archaeology Ltd Dunedin New Zealand. Department of Geology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand. Centre for Trace Element Analysis Department of Geology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand. School of Culture History and Language Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia. School of Social Science University of Queensland Saint Lucia Queensland Australia. Department of Anatomy School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand. Department of Archaeogenetics Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Leipzig Germany. cosimo.posth@uni-tuebingen.de. Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics Institute for Archaeological Sciences Department of Geosciences University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany. cosimo

The inhabitants of New Guinea and its outlying islands have played an important role in the human history of the Pacific region. Nevertheless, the genetic diversity, particularly of pre-colonial communities, is still understudied. Here we present the ancient genomes of 42 individuals from Papua New Guinea (PNG). The ancient genomic results of individuals from Watom Island (Bismarck Archipelago) and the south and northeastern coasts of PNG are contextualized with new (bio-) archaeological data. The individuals' accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dates span 2,500 years of human habitation, and our results demonstrate the influences of different dispersal events on the genetic make-up of ancient PNG communities. The oldest individuals show an unadmixed Papuan-related genetic signature, whereas individuals dating from 2,100 years before present carry varying degrees of an East-Asian-related contribution. These results and the inferred admixture dates suggest a centuries-long delay in genetic mixture with local communities after the arrival of populations with Asian ancestry. Two geographically close communities on the South Coast, AMS dated to within the past 540 years, diverge in their genetic profiles, suggesting differences in their interaction spheres involving groups with distinct ancestries. The inferred split time of these communities around 650 years before present coincides with intensified settlement activity and the emergence of regional trade networks.

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Neural Correlates of Perceiving Animacy in Robotic Objects

Research Square

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Research Square 2024年

作者： Yizhar, Or Maimon, Amber Tal, Zohar Wald, Iddo Yehoshua Erel, Hadas Friedman, Doron Zuckerman, Oren Amedi, Amir The Baruch Ivcher Institute for Brain Cognition and Technology Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology Reichman University Herzliya Israel Max Planck Institute for Human Development Research Group Adaptive Memory and Decision Making Germany Berlin Germany Computational Psychiatry and Neurotechnology Lab Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Ben Gurion University Be’er Sheva Israel Digital Media Lab Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bremen Bremen Germany Proaction Laboratory Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal Media Innovation Lab Sammy Ofer School of Communications Reichman University Herzliya Israel Advanced Reality Lab Sammy Ofer School of Communications Reichman University Herzliya Israel

The prevalence of robots in modern society calls for gaining a fundamental understanding of the underlying principles of human-robot interaction. In particular, we need to understand how people perceive robots and how different physical and social characteristics affect this perception. Here, we examined the neural correlates of observing simple gestures performed by a non-humanoid social robot, focusing on the role of the Ventral Occipitotemporal (VOT) cortex in processing perceived animacy. Our results reveal that a broad bilateral cortical network is activated, comprising areas related to action observation, the social brain, and the visual cortex, including the VOT. We also found a correlation between the level of neural responses in the VOT, especially in the left hemisphere, and individual animacy ratings of the robotic object. This correlation provides a physical basis for such subjective ratings. These results suggest a complex representation of perceived animacy across the lateral-medial axis of the VOT, explained by spatial cortical location and the amplitude of neural responses. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of these findings for understanding how people perceive robots, their behaviors and intentions, which are crucial for developing social robots that can interact with humans more naturally. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： human robot interaction

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human-computer interactions for virtual reality

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2019年第3期1卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： Feng TIAN Beijing Key Laboratory of Human-Computer Interaction Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

human-computer interactions constitute an important subject for the development and popularization of information technologies,as they are not only an important frontier technology in computer science but also an important auxiliary technology in virtual reality(VR).In recent years,Chinese researchers have made significant advances in human-computer *** systematically display China's latest advances in human-computer interactions and thus provide an impetus for the development of VR and other related fields,we have solicited articles for this special issue from experts in this area to participate in the review *** following articles have been selected for publication in this special issue.

关键词： computer human frontier

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CMR×Recon: An open cardiac MRI dataset for the competition of accelerated image reconstruction

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Chengyan Lyu, Jun Wang, Shuo Qin, Chen Guo, Kunyuan Zhang, Xinyu Yu, Xiaotong Li, Yan Wang, Fanwen Jin, Jianhua Shi, Zhang Xu, Ziqiang Tian, Yapeng Hua, Sha Chen, Zhensen Liu, Meng Sun, Mengting Kuang, Xutong Wang, Kang Wang, Haoran Li, Hao Chu, Yinghua Yang, Guang Bai, Wenjia Zhuang, Xiahai Wang, He Qin, Jing Qu, Xiaobo Human Phenome Institute Fudan University Shanghai China School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Digital Medical Research Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering & I-X Imperial College London United Kingdom Department of Electronic Science Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine Institute of Artificial Intelligence Xiamen University Xiamen China Department of Radiology Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Department of Bioengineering/˜Imperial-X Imperial College London United Kingdom School of Data Science Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Radiology Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China Department of Computer Science The University of Texas Dallas United States Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan University Shanghai200433 China Simens Healthineers Ltd. China Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has emerged as a valuable diagnostic tool for cardiac diseases. However, a limitation of CMR is its slow imaging speed, which causes patient discomfort and introduces artifacts in the images. There has been growing interest in deep learning-based CMR imaging algorithms that can reconstruct high-quality images from highly under-sampled k-space data. However, the development of deep learning methods requires large training datasets, which have not been publicly available for CMR. To address this gap, we released a dataset that includes multi-contrast, multi-view, multi-slice and multi-coil CMR imaging data from 300 subjects. Imaging studies include cardiac cine and mapping sequences. Manual segmentations of the myocardium and chambers of all the subjects are also provided within the dataset. Scripts of state-of-the-art reconstruction algorithms were also provided as a point of reference. Our aim is to facilitate the advancement of state-of-the-art CMR image reconstruction by introducing standardized evaluation criteria and making the dataset freely accessible to the research community. Researchers can access the dataset at https://***/#!Synapse:syn51471091/wiki/. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Decentralized and communication-free multi-robot navigation through distributed games

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Reily, Brian Mott, Terran Zhang, Hao DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Through ORAU Human-Centered Robotics Lab Department of Computer Science Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO80401 United States

Effective multi-robot teams require the ability to move to goals in complex environments in order to address real-world applications such as search and rescue. Multi-robot teams should be able to operate in a completely decentralized manner, with individual robot team members being capable of acting without explicit communication between neighbors. In this paper, we propose a novel game theoretic model that enables decentralized and communication-free navigation to a goal position. Robots each play their own distributed game by estimating the behavior of their local teammates in order to identify behaviors that move them in the direction of the goal, while also avoiding obstacles and maintaining team cohesion without collisions. We prove theoretically that generated actions approach a Nash equilibrium, which also corresponds to an optimal strategy identified for each robot. We show through extensive simulations that our approach enables decentralized and communication-free navigation by a multi-robot system to a goal position, and is able to avoid obstacles and collisions, maintain connectivity, and respond robustly to sensor noise. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Game theory

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