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Development of a Model for Discriminating Electroencephalograms of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Individuals Using a Support Vector Machine 13

Development of a Model for Discriminating Electroencephalogr...

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Joint 13th International Conference on Soft Computing and intelligent systems and 25th International Symposium on Advanced intelligent systems, SCIS and ISIS 2024

作者： Tanabe, Akifumi Nakatani, Kyosuke Harachi, Kento Yamamoto, Yusuke Muramatsu, Ayumi Nagahara, Hajime Takemura, Noriko Shimojo, Shinji Furihata, Daisuke Mizuno-Matsumoto, Yuko Kamae-Shigenobu, Kazue Shinosaki, Kazuhiro Graduate School of Information Science University of Hyogo Kobe Japan School of Life Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan Aino University Department of Medical Engineering Ibaraki Japan Institute for Datability Science Osaka University Suita Japan Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka Japan Aomori University Faculty of Software and Information Technology Aomori Japan Osaka University Cyber Media Center Suita Japan Asakayama General Hospital Sakai Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373332

We performed machine learning using spectrum analysis and power spectra of electroencephalograms (EEGs) of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Spectrum analysis was performed on the EEGs of MCI patients and healthy individuals, and the power spectrum values of the two groups were calculated and compared. Based on the power spectrum values of the theta and alpha bands, models for discriminating MCI patients were created using a support vector machine (SVM), and their accuracies were compared. In the spectrum analysis, the theta band showed significantly higher power spectrum values in the MCI group. In the comparison of the accuracies of SVM models, the model using the theta band showed higher values in parameters, such as accuracy rate. These results suggested that the power spectrum values of the theta band are useful for discriminating MCI patients. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Multimodal Classification and Out-of-distribution Detection for Multimodal Intent Understanding

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Hanlei Zhou, Qianrui Xu, Hua Su, Jianhua Evans, Roberto Gao, Kai State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China School of Information Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang050018 China

Multimodal intent understanding is a significant research area that requires effectively leveraging multiple modalities to analyze human language. Existing methods face two main challenges in this domain. Firstly, they have limitations in capturing nuanced and high-level semantics underlying complex in-distribution (ID) multimodal intents. Secondly, they exhibit poor generalization when confronted with unseen out-of-distribution (OOD) data in real-world scenarios. To address these issues, we propose a novel method for both ID classification and OOD detection (MIntOOD). We first introduce a weighted feature fusion network that models multimodal representations effectively. This network dynamically learns the importance of each modality, adapting to multimodal contexts. To develop discriminative representations that are conducive to both tasks, we synthesize pseudo-OOD data from convex combinations of ID data and engage in multimodal representation learning from both coarse-grained and fine-grained perspectives. The coarse-grained perspective focuses on distinguishing between ID and OOD binary classes, while the fine-grained perspective enhances the understanding of ID data by incorporating binary confidence scores. These scores help to gauge the difficulty of each sample, improving the classification of different ID classes. Additionally, the fine-grained perspective captures instance-level interactions between ID and OOD samples, promoting proximity among similar instances and separation from dissimilar ones. We establish baselines for three multimodal intent datasets and build an OOD benchmark. Extensive experiments on these datasets demonstrate that our method significantly improves OOD detection performance with a 3-10% increase in AUROC scores while achieving new state-of-the-art results in ID classification. 1 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Learning Instructions with Unlabeled Data for Zero-Shot Cross-Task Generalization

Learning Instructions with Unlabeled Data for Zero-Shot Cros...

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2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2022

作者： Gu, Yuxian Ke, Pei Zhu, Xiaoyan Huang, Minlie The CoAI group Tsinghua University Beijing China Institute for Artificial Intelligence State Key Lab of Intelligent Technology and Systems Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

Training language models to learn from human instructions for zero-shot cross-task generalization has attracted much attention in NLP communities. Recently, instruction tuning (IT), which fine-tunes a pre-trained language model on a massive collection of tasks described via human-craft instructions, has been shown effective in instruction learning for unseen tasks. However, IT relies on a large amount of human-annotated samples, which restricts its generalization. Unlike labeled data, unlabeled data are often massive and cheap to obtain. In this work, we study how IT can be improved with unlabeled data. We first empirically explore the IT performance trends versus the number of labeled data, instructions, and training tasks. We find it critical to enlarge the number of training instructions, and the instructions can be underutilized due to the scarcity of labeled data. Then, we propose Unlabeled Data Augmented Instruction Tuning (UDIT) to take better advantage of the instructions during IT by constructing pseudo-labeled data from unlabeled plain texts. We conduct extensive experiments to show UDIT's effectiveness in various scenarios of tasks and datasets. We also comprehensively analyze the key factors of UDIT to investigate how to better improve IT with unlabeled data. The code is publicly available at https://***/thu-coai/UDIT. © 2022 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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Computation of an Emptiable Minimal Siphon in a Subclass of Petri Nets Using Mixed-Integer Programming

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第1期8卷 219-226页

作者： Shouguang Wang Wenli Duo Xin Guo Xiaoning Jiang Dan You Kamel Barkaoui MengChu Zhou the School of Information and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China the Macao Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China the Department of Computer Science Conservatoire National des Arts et MétiersParis 75141France the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102 USA the Institute of Systems Engineering and Collaborative Laboratory for Intelligent Science and Systems Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

Deadlock resolution strategies based on siphon control are widely *** computational efficiency largely depends on siphon ***-integer programming(MIP)can be utilized for the computation of an emptiable siphon in a Petri net(PN).Based on it,deadlock resolution strategies can be designed without requiring complete siphon enumeration that has exponential *** to this reason,various MIP methods are proposed for various subclasses of *** work proposes an innovative MIP method to compute an emptiable minimal siphon(EMS)for a subclass of PNs named S^(4)*** particular,many particular structural characteristics of EMS in S4 PR are formalized as constraints,which greatly reduces the solution *** results show that the proposed MIP method has higher computational ***,the proposed method allows one to determine the liveness of an ordinary S^(4)PR.

关键词： Automated manufacturing systems deadlocks discrete event system mixed-integer programming(MIP) Petri nets(PN) siphons

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Pothole Detection in Asphalt Roads: A Comprehensive Approach for Enhanced Road Maintenance and Safety with AlexNet Model

Pothole Detection in Asphalt Roads: A Comprehensive Approach...

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2024 International Telecommunications Conference, ITC-Egypt 2024

作者： Abdelmalak, Mark Emad Sobhi Khodadadi, Nima Zaki, Ahmed Mohamed Eid, Marwa M. Rizk, Faris H. Ibrahim, Abdelhameed Abdelhamid, Abdelaziz A. Abualigah, Laith El-Kenawy, El-Sayed M. Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Communications and Electronics Mansoura35111 Egypt University of Miami Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering Coral GablesFL United States Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Research Center BlacksburgVA24060 United States Delta University for Science and Technology Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Mansoura35111 Egypt Bahrain Polytechnic Faculty of Engineering Isa Town Bahrain Ain Shams University Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Science Cairo11566 Egypt Al al-Bayt University Computer Science Department Mafraq25113 Jordan Middle East University MEU Research Unit Amman11831 Jordan Jadara University Jadara Research Center Irbid Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351408

The research article described in this paper puts forward a novel method of using an integrated software approach and high-end hardware devices for adaptive and intelligent detection of potholes on asphalt roads. The Pothole Detection Dataset is used for the dataset analysis, and we put VGG19Net, ResNet-50, GoogLeNet, and AlexNet among the computer vision models to analyze the applicability of these models. Different types of networks were compared, and AlexNet showed the best results as it achieved 92.15% accuracy, 91.38 % sensitivity (TPR), and a surprisingly high F-score, which reached 96.52%. Furthermore, by using its time of 279.35 seconds, which might be considered very fast, AlexNet shows many strengths in helping to do this, as well as identifying road anomalies, making it a perfect candidate for real-world utilization. This research demonstrates the emergence of sophisticated integrated pothole repair solutions, emphasizing the importance of both software and hardware in developing sophisticated pothole detection. Practices and this research could be an example for further surveying road inspection technologies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Digital storage

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Topic-sensitive neural headline generation

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science China(information sciences) 2020年第8期63卷 180-195页

作者： Ayana Ziyun WANG Lei XU Zhiyuan LIU Maosong SUN State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and TechnologyDepartment of Computer Science and TechnologyTsinghua University Department of Computer Information Management Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics

Neural models are being widely applied for text summarization, including headline generation,and are typically trained using a set of document-headline pairs. In a large document set, documents can usually be grouped into various topics, and documents within a certain topic may exhibit specific summarization patterns. Most existing neural models, however, have not taken the topic information of documents into consideration. This paper categorizes documents into multiple topics, since documents within the same topic have similar content and share similar summarization patterns. By taking advantage of document topic information, this study proposes a topic-sensitive neural headline generation model(TopicN HG). It is evaluated on a real-world dataset, large scale Chinese short text summarization dataset. Experimental results show that it outperforms several baseline systems on each topic and achieves comparable performance with the state-of-the-art system. This indicates that TopicN HG can generate more accurate headlines guided by document topics.

关键词： neural networks sequence to sequence learning topic LDA headline generation

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Health information Broadcast Distributed Pattern Association based on Estimated Volume 3

Health Information Broadcast Distributed Pattern Association...

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3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy, ICAIS 2023

作者： Dhanalakshmi, R. Kalpana, A.V. Umamageswaran, J. Kumar, B. Praveen Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India Srm Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Department of Data Science and Business Systems Tamil Nadu Chennai India R.M.K Engineering College Department of Information Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India K L University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Andhra Pradesh India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665462167

Any study on dataset and inadequate representation are featured in the conventional data mining process. Consequently, data mining findings reveal high chances of challenges and huge root-mean-square approximation errors besides long utilization. The proposed algorithm for associating distribution patterns in streams of medical data is based on density calculations. The distance approach will be utilized to identify any orphaned or questionable data within the data stream, and the gathering of medical data will be used to achieve the aim. Data stream duplicates are compiled by sector match quality, and both the out-of-the-ordinary and the redundant data are eventually eliminated. The density of the information stream is then calculated based on histogram calculations. This investigates the flow of medical information from the viewpoints of concentration and dispersion, as well as the physical characteristics of information distribution, in combination with the results of data density estimate. The model is then built upon a neural network composite, the data distribution parameters in the clustering layer of the model are entered, and in-depth testing is carried out via the neural B.P. network (Back Propagation) on the mining layer of the model. Temporarily, all laws under the grouping of the hidden layer operation value besides the resulting output value are derived, and all rules under the grouping of the hidden layer value besides the conforming contribution value in the medical information stream pattern. The new findings show a curve of contour contiguous to the true curve of the likelihood density, a fair range of medical data dispersion and high medical data consistency, a lower probability of data redundancy, a low RMSEA for mining, a lower time for data recovery. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Data mining

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Analyzing and Mitigating Common Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts in Web3 Ecosystem: A Comprehensive Study

Analyzing and Mitigating Common Vulnerabilities in Smart Con...

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Data, Decision and systems (ICDDS), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Rajendra Hegadi Syam Sankar Karthik Akella Koushik Reddy Pavan Kumar C Department of Data Science and Intelligent Systems Indian Institute of Information Technology Dharwad Karnataka India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Dharwad Karnataka India

As we enter a new era of decentralized applications and blockchain technology, the issue of Web3 security becomes crucial and requires immediate attention. Given the growing popularity of using smart contracts in web3, it is vital to ensure the protection of digital assets and user data online. This paper aims to examine the different security risks associated with smart contracts in web3 and propose measures to mitigate them. This research article delves into the identification, causes, and potential mitigation steps for common vulnerabilities found in smart contracts in web3. Specifically, we focus on six major vulnerabilities: overflow and underflow, access control vulnerabilities, re-entrancy attacks, price manipulation attacks, signature reply attacks and self-destruct attacks. By comprehensively discussing these vulnerabilities and offering mitigation strategies, this research aims to disseminate the security vulnerabilities in smart contracts in Web3 ecosystem and provides a path way for adoption of blockchain technology.

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Femoropopliteal Artery Stent Detection in Fluoroscopy Using Otsu's Preprocessing and CNN Segmentation 4

Femoropopliteal Artery Stent Detection in Fluoroscopy Using ...

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4th International Conference on Technological Advancements in Computational sciences, ICTACS 2024

作者： Rajinikanth, Venkatesan Damaševičius, Robertas Taniar, David Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Division of Research and Innovation Department of Computer Science and Engineering TN Chennai602105 India Kaunas University of Technology Centre of Real Time Computer Systems Kaunas44249 Lithuania Monash University Faculty of Information Technolog MelbourneVIC3800 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387490

computer algorithm supported medical image analysis is a prevalent method in clinics, which effectively alleviates the diagnostic burden associated with traditional image assessment methods. This study aims to create a method that utilizes a Convolutional-Neural-Network (CNN) to accurately segment the Femoropopliteal Artery Stent (FAS) in Digital Fluoroscopy Images (DFI). In order to improve the accuracy of segmentation, this study used the combination of Otsu's tri-level thresholding and the Lévy-Flight Distribution Algorithm (LFDA). The suggested technique consists of many stages: collecting and resizing images and masks, boosting the DFI using Otsu and LFDA, using CNN-segmentation to extract the stent region, comparing segmented stent with mask, and calculating the required performance metrics. The efficacy of the suggested system is validated by analyzing the raw and thresholded DFI. The investigational results of this work affirm that this method achieves a higher level of accuracy (>96%) in segmenting images when the Otsu's preprocessed image is utilized. The experimental study employs the UNet-variants, and in the future, alternative CNN-segmentation methodologies can be utilized to validate the effectiveness of the presented scheme. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Directed Acyclic Transformer for Non-Autoregressive Machine Translation 39

Directed Acyclic Transformer for Non-Autoregressive Machine ...

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39th International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2022

作者： Huang, Fei Zhou, Hao Liu, Yang Li, Hang Huang, Minlie The CoAI Group Tsinghua University China Institute for Artificial Intelligence State Key Lab of Intelligent Technology and Systems Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University China ByteDance AI Lab

Non-autoregressive Transformers (NATs) significantly reduce the decoding latency by generating all tokens in parallel. However, such independent predictions prevent NATs from capturing the dependencies between the tokens for generating multiple possible translations. In this paper, we propose Directed Acyclic Transfomer (DA-Transformer), which represents the hidden states in a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG), where each path of the DAG corresponds to a specific translation. The whole DAG simultaneously captures multiple translations and facilitates fast predictions in a non-autoregressive fashion. Experiments on the raw training data of WMT benchmark show that DA-Transformer substantially outperforms previous NATs by about 3 BLEU on average, which is the first NAT model that achieves competitive results with autoregressive Transformers without relying on knowledge distillation. Copyright Â© 2022 by the author(s)

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