In this paper,we analyze a hybrid Heterogeneous Cellular Network(HCNet)framework by deploying millimeter Wave(mmWave)small cells with coexisting traditional sub-6GHz macro cells to achieve improved coverage and high d...
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In this paper,we analyze a hybrid Heterogeneous Cellular Network(HCNet)framework by deploying millimeter Wave(mmWave)small cells with coexisting traditional sub-6GHz macro cells to achieve improved coverage and high data *** consider randomly-deployed macro base stations throughout the network whereas mmWave Small Base Stations(SBSs)are deployed in the areas with high User Equipment(UE)*** user centric deployment of mmWave SBSs inevitably incurs correlation between UE and *** a realistic scenario where the UEs are distributed according to Poisson cluster process and directional beamforming with line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight transmissions is adopted for mmWave *** using tools from stochastic geometry,we develop an analytical framework to analyze various performance metrics in the downlink hybrid HCNets under biased received power *** UE clustering we considered Thomas cluster process and derive expressions for the association probability,coverage probability,area spectral efficiency,and energy *** also provide Monte Carlo simulation results to validate the accuracy of the derived ***,we analyze the impact of mmWave operating frequency,antenna gain,small cell biasing,and BSs density to get useful engineering insights into the performance of hybrid mmWave *** results show that network performance is significantly improved by deploying millimeter wave SBS instead of microwave BS in hot spots.
In order to maintain sustainable agriculture, it is vital to monitor plant health. Since all species of plants are prone to characteristic diseases, it necessitates regular surveillance to search for any symptoms, whi...
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Object detection is a significant method in computer vision, mainly for detecting objects belonging to different classes in an image. Its applications are widely spread to video surveillance, human tracking, autonomou...
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IoT has emerged as a game-changing technology that connects numerous gadgets to networks for communication,processing,and real-time monitoring across diverse *** to their heterogeneous nature and constrained resources...
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IoT has emerged as a game-changing technology that connects numerous gadgets to networks for communication,processing,and real-time monitoring across diverse *** to their heterogeneous nature and constrained resources,as well as the growing trend of using smart gadgets,there are privacy and security issues that are not adequately managed by conventional *** review offers a thorough analysis of contemporary AI solutions designed to enhance security within IoT *** intersection of AI technologies,including ML,and blockchain,with IoT privacy and security is systematically examined,focusing on their efficacy in addressing core security *** methodology involves a detailed exploration of existing literature and research on AI-driven privacy-preserving security mechanisms in *** reviewed solutions are categorized based on their ability to tackle specific security *** review highlights key advancements,evaluates their practical applications,and identifies prevailing research gaps and *** findings indicate that AI solutions,particularly those leveraging ML and blockchain,offerpromising enhancements to IoT privacy and security by improving threat detection capabilities and ensuring data *** paper highlights how AI technologies might strengthen IoT privacy and security and offer suggestions for upcoming studies intended to address enduring problems and improve the robustness of IoT networks.
Agriculture is crucial to the global economy, particularly in ensuring food security. Recent trends indicate that various plant diseases are causing substantial financial losses in the agricultural sector worldwide. T...
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This study examines the use of experimental designs, specifically full and fractional factorial designs, for predicting Alzheimer’s disease with fewer variables. The full factorial design systematically investigates ...
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Online offensive behaviour continues to rise with the increasing popularity and use of social media. Various techniques have been used to address this issue. However, most existing studies consider offensive content i...
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Corn, Rice, and Wheat serve as primary staple foods globally, playing a pivotal role in the economies of numerous countries. Despite their paramount importance, these cereal crops face susceptibility to various diseas...
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Human action recognition is applicable in different domains. Previously proposed methods cannot appropriately consider the sequence of sub-actions. Herein, we propose a semantical action model based on the sequence of...
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One of themost prominent research areas in information technology is the Internet of Things (IoT) as its applications are widely used, such as structural monitoring, health care management systems, agriculture and bat...
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One of themost prominent research areas in information technology is the Internet of Things (IoT) as its applications are widely used, such as structural monitoring, health care management systems, agriculture and battlefield management, and so on. Due to its self-organizing network and simple installation of the network, the researchers have been attracted to pursue research in the various fields of IoTs. However, a huge amount of work has been addressed on various problems confronted by IoT. The nodes densely deploy over critical environments and those are operated on tiny batteries. Moreover, the replacement of dead batteries in the nodes is almost impractical. Therefore, the problem of energy preservation and maximization of IoT networks has become the most prominent research area. However, numerous state-of-The-Art algorithms have addressed this issue. Thus, it has become necessary to gather the information and send it to the base station in an optimized method to maximize the network. Therefore, in this article, we propose a novel quantum-informed ant colony optimization (ACO) routing algorithm with the efficient encoding scheme of cluster head selection and derivation of information heuristic factors. The algorithm has been tested by simulation for various network scenarios. The simulation results of the proposed algorithm show its efficacy over a few existing evolutionary algorithms using various performance metrics, such as residual energy of the network, network lifetime, and the number of live IoT nodes. Impact Statement-Toward IoT-based applications, here we presented the Quantum-inspired ACO clustering algorithm for network lifetime. IoT nodes in the clustering phase choose theirCH through the distance between cluster member IoT nodes and the residual energy. Thus, CH selection reduces the energy consumption of member IoT nodes. Therefore, our significant contributions are summarized as follows. i. Developing Quantum-informed ACO clustered routing algor
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