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1st International Workshop on Portals for Life sciences, IWPLS 2009

作者： Elsayed, Ibrahim Ludescher, Thomas Schwarz, Konrad Feilhauer, Thomas Amann, Anton Brezany, Peter Department of Scientific Computing Faculty of Computer Science University of Vienna Nordbergstrasse 15/C/3 1090 Vienna Austria Research Center for Process and Product Engineering Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences Hochschulstrasse 1 6850 Dornbirn Austria Austria and Breath Research Institute of Austrian Academy of Sciences Department of Operative Medicine Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria

Motivation: Scientific dataspaces aim at providing associated mechanisms for managing semantically rich relationships among scientific data sources (primary data) and its corresponding findings (derived data). The latter result from a set of activities defining concrete preprocessing and analysis methods (background data) that were applied to a source dataset. To keep track of scientific experiments that are being conducted by members of a scientific community these experiments should be linked with user information i.e. institutional affiliation, email address, working field, etc. of the scientist who conducted the experiment. This paper deals with the development of a scientific dataspace for the breath gas analysis community. Breath gas analysis is an emerging new scientific field with a growing international scientific community addressing many different breath gas studies in terms of investigating and screening for hundreds of compounds in exhaled breath gas. The purpose of breath gas analysis scientific dataspaces is to enable collaborating scientists and institutions several important activities, which include: (a) access to distributed breath gas data and analytical resources collected and developed at different research institutions around the world and (b) to easily contribute to and leverage the resources of an international- And national-scale, multi-institutional environment. Results: This paper describes the conception and prototypical implementation of the scientific dataspace paradigm for breath gas analysis. The scientific dataspace is evaluated on top of applications from breath gas analysis. Availability: We discuss the scientific dataspace paradigm in the context of applications from breath gas analysis, however the concepts introduced can also be deployed in other research domains.

关键词： Gases

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Architectural implications for spatial object association algorithms

Architectural implications for spatial object association al...

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Vijay S. Kumar Tahsin Kurc Joel Saltz Ghaleb Abdulla Scott R. Kohn Celeste Matarazzo Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ohio State Uinversity USA Center for Comprehensive Informatics Emory University USA Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livemore National Laboratory USA

Spatial object association, also referred to as crossmatch of spatial datasets, is the problem of identifying and comparing objects in two or more datasets based on their positions in a common spatial coordinate system. In this work, we evaluate two crossmatch algorithms that are used for astronomical sky surveys, on the following database system architecture configurations: (1) Netezza Performance Server reg , a parallel database system with active disk style processing capabilities, (2) MySQL Cluster, a high-throughput network database system, and (3) a hybrid configuration consisting of a collection of independent database system instances with data replication support. Our evaluation provides insights about how architectural characteristics of these systems affect the performance of the spatial crossmatch algorithms. We conducted our study using real use-case scenarios borrowed from a large-scale astronomy application known as the large synoptic survey telescope (LSST).

关键词： Database systems Astronomy Telescopes Catalogs Clustering algorithms Distributed databases computer science Data engineering Informatics Scientific computing

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Towards an ethical interaction design: The issue of including stakeholders in law-enforcement software development 09

Towards an ethical interaction design: The issue of includin...

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21st Annual Conference of the Australian computer-Human Interaction Special Interest Group - Design: Open 24/7, OZCHI '09

作者： Watson, Patrick G. Duquenoy, Penny Brennan, Margaret Jones, Matt Walkerdine, James EIS Middlesex University The Burroughs London NW4 4BT United Kingdom Applied Psychology University College Cork Ireland Computer Science Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP United Kingdom Computing Department Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4WA United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781605588544

In the public sector (particularly in the UK in light of recent reforms i.e. the Local Government Act 2000, etc.) a greater degree of accountability and public involvement or intervention has become the norm in public infrastructure projects, partially under the rubric of "stakeholder engagement". This paper seeks to discuss public involvement in a law-enforcement technology (Isis), which operates on a covert basis in the detection and prevention of child abuse activities across a number of social networking facilities. Our contribution to the development of Isis is to perform an ethics centered consultation process with stakeholders who will contribute to the design and deployment of the end software package. To that end, we have sought to develop a "Modified Participatory Design" approach, utilizing the knowledge gained from the HCI community with regards to more traditional design projects and adapting this body of work to questions of ethics, privacy, corporate and civic responsibility, monitoring and awareness issues, etc. in an effort to create a fluid and agile communication process between stakeholders and designers, thus taking account of the ethical issues around Isis as design occurs. © ACM 2009.

关键词： Software design

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Machine learning based online performance prediction for runtime parallelization and task scheduling

Machine learning based online performance prediction for run...

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IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software

作者： Jiangtian Li Xiaosong Ma Karan Singh Martin Schulz Bronis R. de Supinski Sally A. McKee Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA Computer Systems Laboratory Cornell University Ithaca NY USA Center of Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livemore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441853

With the emerging many-core paradigm, parallel programming must extend beyond its traditional realm of scientific applications. Converting existing sequential applications as well as developing next-generation software requires assistance from hardware, compilers and runtime systems to exploit parallelism transparently within applications. These systems must decompose applications into tasks that can be executed in parallel and then schedule those tasks to minimize load imbalance. However, many systems lack a priori knowledge about the execution time of all tasks to perform effective load balancing with low scheduling overhead. In this paper, we approach this fundamental problem using machine learning techniques first to generate performance models for all tasks and then applying those models to perform automatic performance prediction across program executions. We also extend an existing scheduling algorithm to use generated task cost estimates for online task partitioning and scheduling. We implement the above techniques in the pR framework, which transparently parallelizes scripts in the popular R language, and evaluate their performance and overhead with both a real-world application and a large number of synthetic representative test scripts. Our experimental results show that our proposed approach significantly improves task partitioning and scheduling, with maximum improvements of 21.8%, 40.3% and 22.1% and average improvements of 15.9%, 16.9% and 4.2% for LMM (a real R application) and synthetic test cases with independent and dependent tasks, respectively.

关键词： Machine learning Runtime Application software Predictive models Testing Parallel programming Hardware Load management Scheduling algorithm Costs

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Lyapunov stability analysis of higher-order 2-D systems

Lyapunov stability analysis of higher-order 2-D systems

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SICE Annual Conference

作者： C. Kojima P. Rapisarda K. Takaba Department of Information Physics and Computing Graduate School of Information Science and Technology University of Tokyo Japan Signals Images Systems Group School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton UK Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Japan

We illustrate a Lyapunov function approach to analyze the stability of 2-D systems described by systems of higher-order linear partial difference equations.

关键词： Lyapunov method Image analysis Physics Stability analysis Difference equations Kernel Polynomials Information analysis Signal analysis Control systems

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Lyapunov stability analysis of higher-order 2-D systems

Lyapunov stability analysis of higher-order 2-D systems

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Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and 28th Chinese Control Conference

作者： Chiaki Kojima Paolo Rapisarda Kiyotsugu Takaba Department of Information Physics and Computing Graduate School of Information Science and TechnologyThe University of Tokyo Signals ImagesSystems groupSchool of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of Southampton Dept.of Applied Mathematics and Physics Graduate School of InformaticsKyoto University

We give necessary and sufficient conditions,based on the existence of a Lyapunov functional,for the asymptotic stability of a square autonomous 2-D behavior in the sense of *** also show how Lyapunov functionals can be computed solving a two-variable polynomial equation,and we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of this equation for scalar systems.

关键词： Lyapunov stability analysis of higher-order 2-D systems

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Belief rule-based inference methodology to improve nuclear safeguards information evaluation

Belief rule-based inference methodology to improve nuclear s...

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Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society - NAFIPS

作者： Da Ruan Roland Carchon Klaas van der Meer Jun Liu Hui Wang Luis Martinez Department of Applied Math. and Computer Science Ghent University Ghent Belgium Belgian Nuclear Research Center SCK CEN Ghent Belgium Belgian Nuclear Research Center SCK CEN School of Computing and Math. University of Ulster UK Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Jaen Jaen Spain

A framework for modeling, analyzing and synthesizing nuclear safeguards information with various uncertainties is proposed by using a newly developed belief rule-base inference methodology (RIMER). After a hierarchical analysis of States' nuclear activities on the basis of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) physical model, the multi-layer structure of the evaluation model for States' nuclear activities is outlined. The special emphasis is given to the synthesis and evaluation analysis of the physical model indicator information by RIMER, which handles hybrid uncertain information in nuclear safeguards evaluation process. The proposed framework illustrates and clarifies the inference and synthesis formalism from a case study of nuclear safeguards information evaluation.

关键词： Information analysis Erbium computer science Uncertainty Fuzzy logic Nuclear fuels Protocols Information processing Decision making Production systems

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Automation of the CCTV-mediated detection of individuals illegally carrying firearms: Combining psychological and technological approaches

Automation of the CCTV-mediated detection of individuals ill...

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Visual Information Processing XVIII

作者： Darker, Iain T. Kuo, Paul Yang, Ming Yuan Blechko, Anastassia Grecos, Christos Makris, Dimitrios Nebel, Jean-Christophe Gale, Alastair G. Applied Vision Research Centre Department of Computer Science Loughborough University Holywell Park Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 3TU United Kingdom Faculty of Computing Information Systems and Mathematics Kingston University Kingston Upon Thames Surrey KT1 2EE United Kingdom Faculty of Design and Technology University of Central Lancashire Preston Lancashire PR1 2HE United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9780819476074

Findings from the current UK national research programme, MEDUSA (Multi Environment Deployable Universal Software Application), are presented. MEDUSA brings together two approaches to facilitate the design of an automatic, CCTV-based firearm detection system: psychological-to elicit strategies used by CCTV operators;and machine vision-to identify key cues derived from camera imagery. Potentially effective human- and machine-based strategies have been identified;these will form elements of the final system. The efficacies of these algorithms have been tested on staged CCTV footage in discriminating between firearms and matched distractor objects. Early results indicate the potential for this combined approach. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Signal detection

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A Novel Hebbian Rules Based Method for Computation of Sparse Coding Basis Vectors

A Novel Hebbian Rules Based Method for Computation of Sparse...

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International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC)

作者： Baixian Zou Jun Miao Xiaoling Yang Lijuan Duan Yuanhua Qiao Department of Information Science and Technology College of Arts and Science of Beijing Union University Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Science Tianjin China College of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China College of Applied Science Beijing University of Technology Beijing China

Sparse coding has high-performance encoding and ability to express images, sparse encoding basis vector plays a crucial role. The computational complexity of the most existing sparse coding basis vectors of is relatively large. In order to reduce the computational complexity and save the time to train basis vectors. A new Hebbian rules based method for computation of sparse coding basis vectors is proposed in this paper. A two-layer neural network is constructed to implement the task. The main idea of our work is to learn basis vectors by removing the redundancy of all initial vectors using Hebbian rules. The experiments on natural images prove that the proposed method is effective for sparse coding basis learning. It has the smaller computational complexity compared with the previous work.

关键词： computer science Stability Space technology Collaboration Mathematical model Euclidean distance Extraterrestrial measurements Particle measurements Fitting Game theory

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Advances in Databases and Information Systems: 13th East European Conference, ADBIS 2009 Riga, Latvia, September 7-10, 2009 Proceedings - Preface

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2009年 5739 LNCS卷 V-VI页

作者： Grundspenkis, Janis Morzy, Tadeusz Vossen, Gottfried Riga Technical University Institute of Applied Computer Systems Kalku iela 1 LV 1658 Riga Latvia University of Technology Institute of Computing Science Piotrowo 2 60-965 Poznań Poland University of Münster Department of Information Systems Leonardo Campus 3 48149 Münster Germany

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