The Informedia Digital Video Library user interface summarizes query results with a collage of representative keyframes. We present a user study in which keyframe occlusion caused difficulties. To use the screen space...
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The Informedia Digital Video Library user interface summarizes query results with a collage of representative keyframes. We present a user study in which keyframe occlusion caused difficulties. To use the screen space most efficiently to display images, both occlusion and wasted whitespace should be minimized. Thus optimal choices will tend toward constant density displays. However, previous constant density algorithms are based on global density, which leads to occlusion and empty space if the density is not uniform. We introduce an algorithm that considers the layout of individual objects and avoids occlusion altogether. Efficiency concerns are important for dynamic summaries of the Informedia Digital Video Library, which has hundreds of thousands of shots. Posting multiple queries that take into account parameters of the visualization as well as the original query reduces the amount of work required. This greedy algorithm is then compared to an optimal one. The approach is also applicable to visualizations containing complex graphical objects other than images, such as text, icons, or trees.
A software agent is being built to help naive users effectively perform the search tasks without feeling intimidated or overwhelmed by the technology or the tool. The display of information as well as the content of i...
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A software agent is being built to help naive users effectively perform the search tasks without feeling intimidated or overwhelmed by the technology or the tool. The display of information as well as the content of it can either be too much (the problem of precision) or too little (the recall problem) which in turn can leave a naive user feel frustrated with the search. This agent's aim is to assist these users with their search goals. The overall strategy is to understand the search goal and then "push" and "pull" information to match the needs.
We present a heuristic-based real-time reach planning algorithm for virtual human figures. Given the start and goal positions in a 3D workspace, our problem is to compute a collision-free path that specifies all the c...
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We present a heuristic-based real-time reach planning algorithm for virtual human figures. Given the start and goal positions in a 3D workspace, our problem is to compute a collision-free path that specifies all the configurations for a human arm to move from the start to the goal. Our algorithm consists of three modules: spatial search, inverse kinematics, and collision detection. For the search module, instead of searching in joint configuration space like most existing motion planning methods do, we run a direct search in the workspace, guided by a heuristic distance-to-goal evaluation function. The inverse kinematics module attempts to select natural posture configurations for the arm along the path found in the workspace. During the search, candidate configurations will be checked for collisions taking advantage of the graphics hardware-depth buffer. The algorithm is fast and easy to implement. It allows real-time planning not only in static, structured environments, but also in dynamic, unstructured environments. No preprocessing and prior knowledge about the environment is required. Several examples are shown illustrating the competence of the planner at generating motion plans for a typical human arm model with seven degrees of freedom.
This study examines the effect of individual differences on the program comprehension strategies of users working with an unfamiliar programming system. Participants of varying programming expertise were given a batte...
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This study examines the effect of individual differences on the program comprehension strategies of users working with an unfamiliar programming system. Participants of varying programming expertise were given a battery of psychological tests, a brief introduction to a statistical programming environment, and a 20-minute debugging task. Our data show three distinct comprehension strategies that were related to programming experience, but individuals with stronger domain knowledge for specific bugs tended to succeed.
Search agents can improve users' perceptions of how effective and efficient database retrieval is. In connection with an on-going project for community interaction, a search agent was designed with a strong theore...
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Search agents can improve users' perceptions of how effective and efficient database retrieval is. In connection with an on-going project for community interaction, a search agent was designed with a strong theoretical basis and tested for effectiveness with the community of users.
This paper describes how environmental complexity measures can be employed in the process of validating experimental robotics work. We advocate the use of metrics that attempt to quantify the 'difficulty' of m...
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This paper describes how environmental complexity measures can be employed in the process of validating experimental robotics work. We advocate the use of metrics that attempt to quantify the 'difficulty' of motion for a given environment. Space syntax methods (from the urban and building design literature) and fluid-flow models (used in crowd modeling) are described and proposed as relevant measures for mobile robotics domains. We show experimentally that these two metrics give very different expressions of complexity. We then discuss how, given their properties, these different metrics may be applied to robotics controller design and evaluation.
Phenotype of the cells and tissues are determined not only by genes, but also by the systemic properties of genetic networks. Information on differentially expressed genes, which is widely used concept in gene express...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1932415122
Phenotype of the cells and tissues are determined not only by genes, but also by the systemic properties of genetic networks. Information on differentially expressed genes, which is widely used concept in gene expression data analysis, is insufficient for understanding the pathogenesis of complex diseases. To identify genetic networks, which show different, systemic behavior in the normal and abnormal cells, has potential to assess changes of gene regulation in response to perturbation in the environment and may provide new insights into the mechanism of diseases and biological processes. In this report, we will propose a new concept of differentially regulated genetic networks and develop computational algorithms for their identification.
In this paper, we propose a new information theoretic method for self-organizing maps. The method aims to control competitive processes flexibly, that is, to produce different competitive unit activations according to...
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In this paper, we propose a new information theoretic method for self-organizing maps. The method aims to control competitive processes flexibly, that is, to produce different competitive unit activations according to information content obtained in learning. Competition is realized by maximizing mutual information between input patterns and competitive units. Competitive unit outputs are computed by the inverse of distance between input patterns and competitive unit. As distance is smaller, a neuron tends to fire strongly. Thus, winning neurons represent faithfully input patterns. We applied our method to a road classification problem. Experimental results confirmed that the new method could produce more explicit self-organizing maps than conventional self-organizing methods.
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