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Air quality and dust level monitoring systems in hospitals using IoT

Discover Internet of Things 2025年第1期5卷 1-18页

作者： Parkavi, A. Sowmya, B.J. Alex, Sini Anna Supreeth, S. Shruthi, G. Rohith, S. Chatterjee, Sudipta Lingaraj, K. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ramaiah Institute of Technology Bengaluru560054 India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Ramaiah Institute of Technology Bengaluru560054 India Ramaiah Institute of Technology Bengaluru560054 India School of Computer Science and Engineering REVA University Bengaluru560064 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Nagarjuna College of Engineering and Technology Bengaluru562164 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Brainware University Barasat West Bengal Kolkata700125 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rao Bahadur Y. Mahabaleswarappa Engineering College Bellary583104 India

This system provides a comprehensive overview of hospital environments by tracking air quality, dust, temperature, and humidity simultaneously, offering a more complete picture of indoor conditions than systems that focus on fewer parameters. The use of IoT technology enables real-time monitoring and alerts, allowing hospital staff to respond immediately to any issues. Additionally, predictive analytics anticipate future changes, giving staff time to take preventive measures. The integration with a mobile app and cloud-based data storage ensures easy access to data, convenient monitoring, and the ability to scale the system across multiple hospital facilities, catering specifically to the unique needs of different healthcare environments. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Indoor air pollution

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Optimized COVID-19 detection using sparse deep learning models from multimodal imaging data

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第13期84卷 11451-11474页

作者： Moradi, MohammadMahdi Hassanzadeh, Alireza Haghanifar, Arman Ko, Seok Bum Faculty of Computer Science and Software Engineering Concordia University MontrealQC Canada Faculty of Electrical Engineering Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonSK Canada

This paper explores the global spread of the COVID-19 virus since 2019, impacting 219 countries worldwide. Despite the absence of a definitive cure, the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) methods for disease diagnosis has demonstrated commendable effectiveness in promptly diagnosing patients and curbing infection transmission. The study introduces a deep learning-based model tailored for COVID-19 detection, leveraging three prevalent medical imaging modalities: computed tomography (CT), chest X-ray (CXR), and Ultrasound. Various deep Transfer Learning Convolutional Neural Network-based (CNN) models have undergone assessment for each imaging modality. For each imaging modality, this study has selected the two most accurate models based on evaluation metrics such as accuracy and loss. Additionally, efforts have been made to prune unnecessary weights from these models to obtain more efficient and sparse models. By fusing these pruned models, enhanced performance has been achieved. The models have undergone rigorous training and testing using publicly available real-world medical datasets, focusing on classifying these datasets into three distinct categories: Normal, COVID-19 Pneumonia, and non-COVID-19 Pneumonia. The primary objective is to develop an optimized and swift model through strategies like Transfer Learning, Ensemble Learning, and reducing network complexity, making it easier for storage and transfer. The results of the trained network on test data exhibit promising outcomes. The accuracy of these models on the CT scan, X-ray, and ultrasound datasets stands at 99.4%, 98.9%, and 99.3%, respectively. Moreover, these models’ sizes have been substantially reduced and optimized by 51.93%, 38.00%, and 69.07%, respectively. This study proposes a computer-aided-coronavirus-detection system based on three standard medical imaging techniques. The intention is to assist radiologists in accurately and swiftly diagnosing the disease, especially during the screen

关键词： COVID-19

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EPDTNet + -EM: Advanced Transfer Learning and SubNet Architecture for Medical Image Diagnosis

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Cognitive Computation 2025年第2期17卷 1-22页

作者： K, Dhivya K, Sangamithrai S, Indra Priyadharshini M, Vedaraj Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tamilnadu Kattankulathur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & d Institute of Science and Technology Tamilnadu Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering R.M.D. Engineering College RSM Nagar Tamilnadu Kavaraipettai Thiruvallur601206 India

This paper presents a novel medical imaging framework, Efficient Parallel Deep Transfer SubNet+-based Explainable Model (EPDTNet + -EM), designed to improve the detection and classification of abnormalities in medical images. The model integrates Enhanced Exponential Transfer Learning (En-ETL) and the Parallel SubNet (PSNet +) architecture, addressing challenges like overfitting, high computational cost, and limited generalization across complex datasets. En-ETL accelerates learning and enhances precision, while PSNet + balances computational efficiency and performance through parallel convolutional layers and an axis attention mechanism. The proposed framework preprocesses medical images using resizing, noise removal, and contrast enhancement, ensuring high-quality inputs for analysis. For classification, the PSNet + model categorizes medical images into normal and abnormal cases. Explainable AI (XAI) is applied to highlight key features in classified images, improving interpretability and clinical decision-making. Experimental results validate the framework on various datasets, including MRI, CT, X-ray, and mammography images. The proposed model achieves a classification accuracy of 98.83%, a false positive rate of 2%, and an execution time of 5.3 ms. Comparative Analysis show superior performance over existing approaches in classification accuracy and efficiency. Ablation studies confirmed the significant contributions of the proposed model using each component in enhancing performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Transfer learning

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Secure approach to sharing digitized medical data in a cloud environment

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Data science and Management 2024年第2期7卷 108-118页

作者： Kukatlapalli Pradeep Kumar Boppuru Rudra Prathap Michael Moses Thiruthuvanathan Hari Murthy Vinay Jha Pillai Department of Computer Science and Engineering CHRIST(Deemed to be University)Bengaluru560074India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering CHRIST(Deemed to be University)Bengaluru560074India

Without proper security mechanisms, medical records stored electronically can be accessed more easily than physical files. Patient health information is scattered throughout the hospital environment, including laboratories, pharmacies, and daily medical status reports. The electronic format of medical reports ensures that all information is available in a single place. However, it is difficult to store and manage large amounts of data. Dedicated servers and a data center are needed to store and manage patient data. However, self-managed data centers are expensive for hospitals. Storing data in a cloud is a cheaper alternative. The advantage of storing data in a cloud is that it can be retrieved anywhere and anytime using any device connected to the Internet. Therefore, doctors can easily access the medical history of a patient and diagnose diseases according to the context. It also helps prescribe the correct medicine to a patient in an appropriate way. The systematic storage of medical records could help reduce medical errors in hospitals. The challenge is to store medical records on a third-party cloud server while addressing privacy and security concerns. These servers are often semi-trusted. Thus, sensitive medical information must be protected. Open access to records and modifications performed on the information in those records may even cause patient fatalities. Patient-centric health-record security is a major concern. End-to-end file encryption before outsourcing data to a third-party cloud server ensures security. This paper presents a method that is a combination of the advanced encryption standard and the elliptical curve Diffie-Hellman method designed to increase the efficiency of medical record security for users. Comparisons of existing and proposed techniques are presented at the end of the article, with a focus on the analyzing the security approaches between the elliptic curve and secret-sharing methods. This study aims to provide a high level of s

关键词： Electronic medical records Cloud computing Data privacy Attribute-based encryption Authentication

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Defensive deception framework against reconnaissance attacks in the cloud with deep reinforcement learning

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science China(Information sciences) 2022年第7期65卷 67-85页

作者： Huanruo LI Yunfei GUO Shumin HUO Hongchao HU Penghao SUN Department of Computer Science Information Engineering University Department of Communication Technologies Academy of Military Science

Implementing defensive deception in the cloud is promising to proactively counter reconnaissance attack. This technique presents decoys to camouflage cloud assets and distracts attack resource. However,the major challenge is to develop an effective deception strategy to orchestrate digital decoys. To address this issue, we propose a deep reinforcement learning(DRL)-based defensive deception framework. First,we formulate a utility function, which mathematically models underlying threats associated with common vulnerabilities among virtual machines in the cloud. Then, we customize training interfaces and the neural networks for a DRL agent. The reward function reflects the effectiveness of asset concealment and the waste of attack resources, referring to a comprehensive defense goal. Finally, the well-trained DRL agent generates the optimal defense strategy. It specifies a more granular deception strategy than existing proposals. Simulation results show that the proposed framework leads to a 7.87% average advantage in realizing the comprehensive defense goal. Moreover, it can stably improve the concealment degree of cloud assets up to 20.58%, and increase the attack cost up to 40.40%. This study shows that it is promising to improve cloud security with deception defense and artificial intelligence techniques.

关键词： cyber deception defense artificial intelligence cloud security reconnaissance attack deep reinforcement learning deception strategy

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An Efficient Encryption and Compression of Sensed IoT Medical Images Using Auto-Encoder

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2023年第2期134卷 909-926页

作者： Passent El-kafrawy Maie Aboghazalah Abdelmoty M.Ahmed Hanaa Torkey Ayman El-Sayed School of Information Technology and Computer Science Nile UniversityGiza12677Egypt Math and Computer Science Department Faculty of ScienceMenoufia UniversityMenoufia32511Egypt Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt

Healthcare systems nowadays depend on IoT sensors for sending data over the internet as a common *** ofmedical images is very important to secure patient *** these images consumes a lot of time onedge computing;therefore,theuse of anauto-encoder for compressionbefore encodingwill solve such a *** this paper,we use an auto-encoder to compress amedical image before encryption,and an encryption output(vector)is sent out over the *** the other hand,a decoder was used to reproduce the original image back after the vector was received and *** convolutional neural networks were conducted to evaluate our proposed approach:The first one is the auto-encoder,which is utilized to compress and encrypt the images,and the other assesses the classification accuracy of the image after decryption and *** hyperparameters of the encoder were tested,followed by the classification of the image to verify that no critical information was lost,to test the encryption and encoding *** this approach,sixteen hyperparameter permutations are utilized,but this research discusses three main cases in *** first case shows that the combination of Mean Square Logarithmic Error(MSLE),ADAgrad,two layers for the auto-encoder,and ReLU had the best auto-encoder results with a Mean Absolute Error(MAE)=0.221 after 50 epochs and 75%classification with the best result for the classification *** second case shows the reflection of auto-encoder results on the classification results which is a combination ofMean Square Error(MSE),RMSprop,three layers for the auto-encoder,and ReLU,which had the best classification accuracy of 65%,the auto-encoder gives MAE=0.31 after 50 *** third case is the worst,which is the combination of the hinge,RMSprop,three layers for the auto-encoder,and ReLU,providing accuracy of 20%and MAE=0.485.

关键词： Auto-encoder cloud image encryption IoT healthcare

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Number Plate Recognition Using OpenCV 6

Number Plate Recognition Using OpenCV

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6th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Smart Computing and Informatics, ESCI 2024

作者： Roopa Chandrika, R. Vanitha, K. Thahaseen, Aafiya Chandramma, R. Neerugatti, Vikram Mahesh, T.R. Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India Al-Ameen Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering Erode India Bangalore India Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350306613

The advancement of automated number plate recognition (ANPR) systems has garnered noteworthy attention in recent times owing to their diverse applications across multiple domains, including traffic management, parking management, and law enforcement. This paper presents an innovative ANPR method using OpenCV, an open-source computer vision library. Developing ANPR systems is a great fit for OpenCV since it offers a flexible platform for image processing and computer vision tasks. The suggested method effectively detects and recognizes number plates from images and video streams by utilizing OpenCV's capabilities for feature extraction, image preprocessing, and machine learning. Character segmentation, optical character recognitlon (OCR), and licence plate localization are important stages in the process. The ANPR system's accuracy and effectiveness are increased by using these strategies. A variety of real-world datasets, including different lighting conditions, camera angles, and vehicle types, are used in extensive experiments to assess the system's performance. The outcomes show how well the OpenCV-based ANPR system performs in tasks requiring license plate recognition, attaining high accuracy and resilience. Additionally, covered in the paper are possible uses for the ANPR system in security systems, vehicle tracking, and traffic monitoring. To make sure the system is workable in a variety of situations, scalability and real-time implementation are also taken into account. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： machine learning number plate OpenCV recognition

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A privacy-preserving method for publishing data with multiple sensitive attributes

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第1期9卷 222-238页

作者： Tong Yi Minyong Shi Wenqian Shang Haibin Zhu School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina School of Computer Science Communication University of ChinaBeijingChina Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Nipissing UniversityNorth BayOntarioCanada

The overgeneralisation may happen because most studies on data publishing for multiple sensitive attributes(SAs)have not considered the personalised privacy ***,sensitive information disclosure may also be caused by these personalised *** address the matter,this article develops a personalised data publishing method for multiple *** to the requirements of individuals,the new method partitions SAs values into two categories:private values and public values,and breaks the association between them for privacy *** the private values,this paper takes the process of anonymisation,while the public values are released without this *** algorithm is designed to achieve the privacy mode,where the selectivity is determined by the sensitive value frequency and undesirable *** experimental results show that the proposed method can provide more information utility when compared with previous *** theoretic analyses and experiments also indicate that the privacy can be guaranteed even though the public values are known to an *** overgeneralisation and privacy breach caused by the personalised requirement can be avoided by the new method.

关键词： data privacy data publishing

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"Survey and analysis of blockchain technologies with respect to: properties, algorithms, architecture, models, evolution and framework"

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第14期84卷 13571-13615页

作者： Tiwari, Nikita Ranjan, Prakash Biswal, Pradeep Kumar Barde, Chetan Sinha, Neha Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Bhagalpur Bhagalpur India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Bhagalpur Bhagalpur India

The growing realm of blockchain technology has captivated researchers and practitioners alike with its promise of decentralized, secure, and transparent transactions. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and analysis of various blockchain technologies, focusing on their fundamental properties, architectural designs, operational models, evolutionary trends, and overarching frameworks. Through an extensive review of existing literature and empirical studies, this research synthesizes the multifaceted landscape of blockchain, elucidating key concepts such as consensus mechanisms, smart contracts, scalability, interoperability, and privacy protocols. By examining the evolution of blockchain from its inception to its current state and beyond, this paper delineates the trajectory of technological advancements and identifies emerging paradigms. Furthermore, it critically evaluates the strengths and limitations of diverse blockchain architectures and models, offering insights into their applicability across different domains and use cases. Finally, this study culminates in the proposal of a comprehensive framework that encapsulates the essential elements necessary for understanding, implementing, and harnessing the transformative potential of blockchain technologies. Through this holistic analysis, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of blockchain ecosystems and provides valuable guidance for future research directions and practical implementations. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Blockchain

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Explainable AI model for PDFMal detection based on gradient boosting model

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第34期36卷 21607-21622页

作者： Elattar, Mona Younes, Ahmed Gad, Ibrahim Elkabani, Islam Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta31527 Egypt Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria21511 Egypt Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Al Alamein International University Alamein51718 Egypt

Portable document formats (PDFs) are widely used for document exchange due to their widespread usage and versatility. However, PDFs are highly vulnerable to malware attacks, which pose significant security risks. Existing defense mechanisms often struggle to effectively detect and mitigate these threats, highlighting the need for more robust solutions. This paper introduces a robust framework that uses advanced tree-based ensemble models to detect malicious PDFs using the Evasive-PDFMal2022 dataset. The proposed model achieves a recall rate of 100%, an accuracy rate of 99.95%, and a fast inference time of 0.1723 s. Furthermore, the framework exhibits minimal false positive and false negative rates, ensuring a high level of precision in distinguishing between malicious and benign PDFs. Shapley additive explanations are used to improve the interpretability and reliability of the model’s predictions. The results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed model in improving PDF document security and addressing the challenges posed by malware attacks. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) Malicious PDF Malware detection Tree-based ensemble models

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