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2025 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and computer science, SCEECS 2025

作者： Siddiqui, Bushra Sudhanya, P. Srm Institute of Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kattankulathur603203 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529833

The Multiply-Accumulate (MAC) Unit is a crucial component in all DSP Applications, due to its ability to perform high-speed arithmetic operations. This research aims to design and implement an 8-bit MAC Unit capable of performing multiplication and accumulation operations. The MAC Unit employs the same multiplier but integrates different adders such as Kogge-Stone, Ladner-Fischer, Carry Look-Ahead adder, and Ripple Carry Adder. The structures were formed using Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL) and implemented on Xilinx ISE, with simulation carried out using ModelSim. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： computer simulation languages

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Design an optimization based ensemble machine learning framework for detecting rice leaf diseases

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第36期83卷 84401-84424页

作者： Rajasekhar, Veeramreddy Arulselvi, Gnanasekaran Babu, K. Suresh Department of Computer Science Engineering Annamalai University Tamilnadu Chidambaram India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Annamalai University Tamil Nadu Chidambaram India International School of Technology and Sciences for Women East Gonagudem Rajanagaram A.P Rajamahendravaram India

The agriculture industry is currently dealing with serious issues with rice plants as a result of illnesses that decrease the quantity and output of the harvest. Numerous fungi and bacteria diseases harm plants that affect the growth of yield. So identification of the detection of crop diseases is essential for enhancing the productivity of crops. Many techniques have been developed to improve disease detection in crops but there are still some issues such as noise, time consumption, delay, poor segmentation, and less accuracy. To overcome these issues, this paper, designed a Spider Monkey-based Random Forest (SMbRF) model for accurate detection and classification of rice leaf diseases and the designed model was implemented in the Python system. The main aim is to develop an optimization-based random forest technique for accurate prediction of rice leaf disease by exact segmentation. Initially, preprocessing is performed to enhance the data quality and remove errors. Furthermore, separate the lesions using mean shift image segmentation and extract the shape and color features to improve the detection results of the developed model. As well, spider monkey fitness is updated in the RF classification layer for accurate classification of diseases and improves accuracy with less execution time. The experiment results show the reliability and efficiency of the designed model, it attains better performance in accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision. The designed model attained 99.29% accuracy, 99.52% sensitivity, 98.76% precision, and 99% specificity proving the scalability of the designed model. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Machine learning

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Addressing Imbalance in Health Datasets: A New Method NR-Clustering SMOTE and Distance Metric Modification

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2931-2949页

作者： Hairani Hairani Triyanna Widiyaningtyas Didik Dwi Prasetya Afrig Aminuddin Department of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Negeri MalangMalang65145Indonesia Department of Computer Science Universitas BumigoraMataram83127Indonesia Department of Computer Graphic and Multimedia Faculty of ComputingCollege of Computing and Applied SciencesUniversiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahPekan26600Malaysia

An imbalanced dataset often challenges machine learning, particularly classification methods. Underrepresented minority classes can result in biased and inaccurate models. The Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) was developed to address the problem of imbalanced data. Over time, several weaknesses of the SMOTE method have been identified in generating synthetic minority class data, such as overlapping, noise, and small disjuncts. However, these studies generally focus on only one of SMOTE’s weaknesses: noise or overlapping. Therefore, this study addresses both issues simultaneously by tackling noise and overlapping in SMOTE-generated data. This study proposes a combined approach of filtering, clustering, and distance modification to reduce noise and overlapping produced by SMOTE. Filtering removes minority class data (noise) located in majority class regions, with the k-nn method applied for filtering. The use of Noise Reduction (NR), which removes data that is considered noise before applying SMOTE, has a positive impact in overcoming data imbalance. Clustering establishes decision boundaries by partitioning data into clusters, allowing SMOTE with modified distance metrics to generate minority class data within each cluster. This SMOTE clustering and distance modification approach aims to minimize overlap in synthetic minority data that could introduce noise. The proposed method is called “NR-Clustering SMOTE,” which has several stages in balancing data: (1) filtering by removing minority classes close to majority classes (data noise) using the k-nn method;(2) clustering data using K-means aims to establish decision boundaries by partitioning data into several clusters;(3) applying SMOTE oversampling with Manhattan distance within each cluster. Test results indicate that the proposed NR-Clustering SMOTE method achieves the best performance across all evaluation metrics for classification methods such as Random Forest, SVM, and Naїve Bayes, compared t

关键词： SMOTE modification Clustering-SMOTE manhattan distance

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Fall Detection System for Elderly People using Piezoresistive Textile Pressure Sensor

Fall Detection System for Elderly People using Piezoresistiv...

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2025 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and computer science, SCEECS 2025

作者： Vyas, Rishabh Shirley, J. Abanah Jansi, R. Srm Institute of Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kattankulathur603203 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529833

Fall detection systems are critical for ensuring the safety and well-being of the elderly and others with mobility challenges. This paper presents the design and development of a fall detection system employing a textile pressure sensor constructed using piezoresistive Velostat material, sandwiched between two layers of conductive fabric. The developed pressure sensor is embedded into wearable socks, offering a flexible and unobtrusive solution for continuous monitoring. The piezoresistive nature of the sensor allows it to detect pressure changes when a fall occurs, capturing real-time data. The system processes this data to distinguish between normal activities and fall events based on predefined thresholds. The fall detection system also features wireless communication for real-time alerts, ensuring immediate assistance can be provided when a fall is detected. This approach provides an efficient and non-intrusive method for enhancing safety, with potential applications in home care and healthcare monitoring for at-risk individuals. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Wearable sensors

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Deep Learning Based Underground Sewer Defect Classification Using a Modified RegNet

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5451-5469页

作者： Yu Chen Sagar A.S.M.Sharifuzzaman Hangxiang Wang Yanfen Li L.Minh Dang Hyoung-Kyu Song Hyeonjoon Moon Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Information of Communication Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent DroneSejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea

The sewer system plays an important role in protecting rainfall and treating urban *** to the harsh internal environment and complex structure of the sewer,it is difficult to monitor the sewer *** are developing different methods,such as the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence,to monitor and detect the faults in the sewer *** learning is a promising artificial intelligence technology that can effectively identify and classify different sewer system ***,the existing deep learning based solution does not provide high accuracy prediction and the defect class considered for classification is very small,which can affect the robustness of the model in the constraint *** a result,this paper proposes a sewer condition monitoring framework based on deep learning,which can effectively detect and evaluate defects in sewer pipelines with high *** also introduce a large dataset of sewer defects with 20 different defect classes found in the sewer *** study modified the original RegNet model by modifying the squeeze excitation(SE)block and adding the dropout layer and Leaky Rectified Linear Units(LeakyReLU)activation function in the Block structure of RegNet *** study explored different deep learning methods such as RegNet,ResNet50,very deep convolutional networks(VGG),and GoogleNet to train on the sewer defect *** experimental results indicate that the proposed system framework based on the modified-RegNet(RegNet+)model achieves the highest accuracy of 99.5 compared with the commonly used deep learning *** proposed model provides a robust deep learning model that can effectively classify 20 different sewer defects and be utilized in real-world sewer condition monitoring applications.

关键词： Deep learning defect classification underground sewer computer vision convolutional neural network RegNet

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Hybrid Deep Learning Based Attack Detection for Imbalanced Data Classification

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 297-320页

作者： Rasha Almarshdi Laila Nassef Etimad Fadel Nahed Alowidi Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of HailHailSaudi Arabia

Internet of Things(IoT)is the most widespread and fastest growing technology *** to the increasing of IoT devices connected to the Internet,the IoT is the most technology under security *** IoT devices are not designed with security because they are resource constrained ***,having an accurate IoT security system to detect security attacks is *** Detection Systems(IDSs)using machine learning and deep learning techniques can detect security attacks *** paper develops an IDS architecture based on Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)deep learning *** implement our model on the UNSW-NB15 dataset which is a new network intrusion dataset that cate-gorizes the network traffic into normal and attacks *** this work,interpolation data preprocessing is used to compute the missing ***,the imbalanced data problem is solved using a synthetic data generation *** experiments have been implemented to compare the performance results of the proposed model(CNN+LSTM)with a basic model(CNN only)using both balanced and imbalanced ***,with some state-of-the-art machine learning classifiers(Decision Tree(DT)and Random Forest(RF))using both balanced and imbalanced *** results proved the impact of the balancing *** proposed hybrid model with the balance technique can classify the traffic into normal class and attack class with reasonable accuracy(92.10%)compared with the basic CNN model(89.90%)and the machine learning(DT 88.57%and RF 90.85%)***,comparing the proposed model results with the most related works shows that the proposed model gives good results compared with the related works that used the balance techniques.

关键词： IoT IDS deep learning machine learning CNN LSTM

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Hybrid lightweight encryption for IoT: integrating chaotic key generators with Feistel and substitution-permutation networks for secure 3DV transmission

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-47页

作者： El-Shafai, Walid Mesrega, Ahmed K. Ahmed, Hossam Eldin H. Elbahnasawy, Nirmeen A. El-Samie, Fathi E. Abd Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Deptartment of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia

The Internet of Things (IoT) stands as a revolutionary leap in digital connectivity, envisioning a future network connecting billions of devices, seamlessly. Amidst the myriad benefits, there arises an intricate web of challenges, prominently centered around potential threats and data security implications. Recent cryptography techniques, such as DNA-based cryptography, 3D chaos-based cryptography, and optical cryptography, face challenges including large encryption times, high energy consumption, and suboptimal rather than optimal performance. Particularly, the burden of long encryption cycles strains the energy resources of typical low-power and compact IoT devices. These challenges render the devices vulnerable to unauthorized breaches, despite large storage capacities. The hallmark of the IoT ecosystem, characterized by its low-power compact devices, is the burgeoning volume of data they generate. This escalating data influx, while necessitating expansive storage, remains vulnerable to unauthorized access and breaches. Historically, encryption algorithms, with their multifaceted architectures, have been the bulwark against such intrusions. However, their inherently-complex nature, entailing multiple encryption cycles, strains the limited energy reserves of typical IoT devices. In response to this intricate dilemma, we present a hybrid lightweight encryption strategy. Our algorithm innovatively leverages both one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) chaotic key generators. Furthermore, it amalgamates a classical encryption philosophy, harmonizing the strengths of Feistel and substitution-permutation networks. The centerpiece of our strategy is achieving effective encryption in merely three rounds, tailored expressly for compressed Three-Dimensional Video (3DV) frames, ensuring their unwavering integrity. Our workflow commences with the H.264/MVC compression algorithm, setting the stage for the subsequent encryption phase. Through rigorous MATLAB simulations,

关键词： Image coding

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Implementation of YOLOv9 in Agricultural AI for Enhanced Weed Detection

Implementation of YOLOv9 in Agricultural AI for Enhanced Wee...

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2024 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Sustainable Innovations in Technology, IC-SIT 2024

作者： Duraisamy, Premkumar Deepika, A. Niranjani, V. Jeevitha, R. Sibishree, M. Oviya, A. KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India Sri Eshwar College of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369175

Weeds significantly hinder agricultural productivity by reducing crop yields and increasing production costs. Leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) is critical for equipping farmers with early detection capabilities to implement effective weed management strategies. Among AI technologies, deep learning (DL) techniques are especially effective for analyzing agricultural field images to identify weed species. This paper reviews state-of-the-art DL methodologies, with a focus on the YOLOv9 model for weed detection. Our findings highlight YOLOv9's superior effectiveness, achieving an accuracy of $\mathbf{9 0 \%}$, due to its robust architecture and advanced feature extraction. The model's proficiency in accurately identifying weeds is evident from our thematic analysis. We also explore various image acquisition devices, including robots, drones, and mobile phones. Comparative evaluations show that YOLOv9 consistently outperforms other DL techniques, achieving remarkable accuracy and speed. This study includes a comparative analysis of several algorithms like SSD, Mask R-CNN, and Fast R-CNN, underscoring YOLOv9's superior performance. This paper serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners, guiding future efforts in weed management and precision agriculture by emphasizing YOLOv9's transformative potential. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Agricultural productivity Deep learning Image acquisition object detection Weed detection YOLOv9 algorithm

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New Delay Doppler communication Paradigm in 6G Era:A Survey of Orthogonal Time Frequency Space(OTFS)

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China communications 2023年第6期20卷 1-25页

作者： Weijie Yuan Shuangyang Li Zhiqiang Wei Yuanhao Cui Jiamo Jiang Haijun Zhang Pingzhi Fan Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Technical University of BerlinBerlinGermany School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina Department of Communication Engineering Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijingChina China Academy of Information and Communications Technology BeijingChina School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina

In the 6G era,Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network(SAGIN)are anticipated to deliver global coverage,necessitating support for a diverse array of emerging applications in high-mobility,hostile *** such conditions,conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)modulation,widely employed in cellular and Wi-Fi communication systems,experiences performance degradation due to significant Doppler *** overcome this obstacle,a novel twodimensional(2D)modulation approach,namely orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS),has emerged as a key enabler for future high-mobility use ***,OTFS modulates information within the delay-Doppler(DD)domain,as opposed to the timefrequency(TF)domain utilized by *** offers advantages such as Doppler and delay resilience,reduced signaling latency,a lower peak-to-average ratio(PAPR),and a reduced-complexity *** studies further indicate that the direct interplay between information and the physical world in the DD domain positions OTFS as a promising waveform for achieving integrated sensing and communications(ISAC).In this article,we present an in-depth review of OTFS technology in the context of the 6G era,encompassing fundamentals,recent advancements,and future *** objective is to provide a helpful resource for researchers engaged in the field of OTFS.

关键词： OTFS 6G delay-Doppler(DD)domain

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Sem-AI: A Unique Framework for Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining Using Social Network Data

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SN computer science 2025年第2期6卷 1-23页

作者： Maruthupandi, J. Sivakumar, S. Kumar, V. Senthil Srikaanth, P. Balaji Department of Computer Science and Engineering New Horizon College of Engineering Karnataka Bangalore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tamilnadu Trichy India Department of Networks and Communication SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tamilnadu Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India

Social media has become an essential forum for people to share their thoughts and sentiments owing to the quick rise in mobile technology. Business and political organizations might benefit from understanding public sentiment when making strategic decisions. Challenges in the area include handling noisy and incomplete data, variation in language use across domains, and integration into existing systems of models developed for analysis. In these ways, they can seriously hamper the accuracy and generalizability of sentiment analysis models. In view of the challenges, this work has developed a new and innovative framework of AI-based semantic analysis for assessing and classifying user views from social data. In spite of this, sentiment analysis is crucial for determining the opposing perspectives of the general public's sentiments. This work constructed a new and innovative framework called Semantic analysis based on AI (SemAI) for assessing and categorizing user views from social data. With high efficiency, a collection of intelligence algorithms in the stages of feature extraction, optimization, and sentiment prediction are applied here. The Degree of Correlation Network Model (DCNM) is used in this work to extract the subset of dependable and most-required features from social network data. The most recent meta-heuristics model, Heap based Optimization (HbO), is used to reduce the dimensionality of retrieved features. Furthermore, the unique classification algorithm, Self-Attention based Deep Analyzing Network (SA-DAN), is used in this work to precisely identify and categorize attitudes into positive, neutral, and negative classifications. This present study used a variety of most recent social corpus data to investigate and evaluate the Sem-AI model's outputs. The SemAI model achieved impressive results, with accuracy, precision, and F1-scores of 99%, 98.9%, and 99%, respectively, across various social corpus datasets. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to S

关键词： Classification Degree of correlation network model (DCNM) Heap based optimization (HbO) Opinion mining Self-attention based deep analyzing network (SA-DAN) Semantic analysis Social data

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