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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Koo, Seonmin Kim, Jinsung Jang, YoungJoon Park, Chanjun Lim, Heuiseok Department of Computer science and Engineering Korea University Korea Republic of Upstage AI

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761643

As the utilization of Large Language Models (LLMs) becomes more widespread, there is a growing demand for their ability to handle more complex and longer external knowledge across various use cases. Most existing evaluations of the open-ended question answering (ODQA) task, which necessitates the use of external knowledge, focus solely on whether the model provides the correct answer. However, even when LLMs answer correctly, they often fail to provide an obvious source for their responses. Therefore, it is necessary to jointly evaluate and verify the correctness of the answers and the appropriateness of grounded evidence in complex external contexts. To address this issue, we examine the phenomenon of discrepancies in abilities across two distinct tasks-QA and evidence selection-when performed simultaneously, from the perspective of task alignment. To verify LLMs' task alignment, we introduce a verification framework and resources considering both semantic relevancy and structural diversity of the given long context knowledge. Through extensive experiments and detailed analysis, we provide insights into the task misalignment between QA and evidence selection. Our code and resources can be found at https://***/seonminkoo/Wai. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Classifying Misinformation of User Credibility in Social Media Using Supervised Learning

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 2921-2938页

作者： Muhammad Asfand-e-Yar Qadeer Hashir Syed Hassan Tanvir Wajeeha Khalil Department of Computer Science Center of Excellence in Artificial Intelligence(CoE-AI)Bahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan

The growth of the internet and technology has had a significant effect on social *** information has become an important research topic due to the massive amount of misinformed content on social *** is very easy for any user to spread misinformation through the ***,misinformation is a problem for professionals,organizers,and ***,it is essential to observe the credibility and validity of the News articles being shared on social *** core challenge is to distinguish the difference between accurate and false *** studies focus on News article content,such as News titles and descriptions,which has limited their ***,there are two ordinarily agreed-upon features of misinformation:first,the title and text of an article,and second,the user *** the case of the News context,we extracted different user engagements with articles,for example,tweets,i.e.,read-only,user retweets,likes,and *** calculate user credibility and combine it with article content with the user’s *** combining both features,we used three Natural language processing(NLP)feature extraction techniques,i.e.,Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency(TF-IDF),Count-Vectorizer(CV),and Hashing-Vectorizer(HV).Then,we applied different machine learning classifiers to classify misinformation as real or ***,we used a Support Vector Machine(SVM),Naive Byes(NB),Random Forest(RF),Decision Tree(DT),Gradient Boosting(GB),and K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN).The proposed method has been tested on a real-world dataset,i.e.,“fakenewsnet”.We refine the fakenewsnet dataset repository according to our required *** dataset contains 23000+articles with millions of user *** highest accuracy score is 93.4%.The proposed model achieves its highest accuracy using count vector features and a random forest *** discoveries confirmed that the proposed classifier would effectively classify misinformat

关键词： Misinformation user credibility fake news machine learning

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Energy Efficient and Congestion Control Technique for IoT Enabled WSN for Video Routing Surveillance: A Survey 15

Energy Efficient and Congestion Control Technique for IoT En...

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15th International Conference on Advances in Computing, Control, and Telecommunication Technologies, ACT 2024

作者： Prathibha, S.B. Supriya, M.C. Dept of computer science and engineering SSIT Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education India Dept of DS and AI&ML SSIT Tumkur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331300579

Cities all around the world have recently begun to build contemporary smart city infrastructure, which is typically only possible with the usage of cutting-edge *** smart city environments are made possible by intelligent video *** various angle cameras serve as smart sensors that gather visual information from the environment of smart cities and send it for additional visual *** are numerous ways to avoid network communication bottlenecks and enhance the routing *** the majority of the time, unknown attributes caused the network to become unstable and lower the Quality of *** using the right training model to anticipate the congestion properties, this can be *** research offered a unique prediction method by utilizing the matching identification of feature sets to address this *** Probabilistic Rapid March Searching (PRMS) algorithm can be used to do this. © Grenze Scientific Society, 2024.

关键词： Quality of service

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A Traffic-Aware and Cluster-Based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for IoT-Assisted WSNs

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 1831-1850页

作者： Hina Gul Sana Ullah Ki-Il Kim Farman Ali Department of Computer and Software Technology University of SwatMingora19130Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea Department of Applied AI Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul03063Republic of Korea

The seamless integration of intelligent Internet of Things devices with conventional wireless sensor networks has revolutionized data communication for different applications,such as remote health monitoring,industrial monitoring,transportation,and smart *** and reliable data routing is one of the major challenges in the Internet of Things network due to the heterogeneity of *** paper presents a traffic-aware,cluster-based,and energy-efficient routing protocol that employs traffic-aware and cluster-based techniques to improve the data delivery in such *** proposed protocol divides the network into clusters where optimal cluster heads are selected among super and normal nodes based on their residual *** protocol considers multi-criteria attributes,i.e.,energy,traffic load,and distance parameters to select the next hop for data delivery towards the base *** performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated through the network simulator *** different traffic rates,number of nodes,and different packet sizes,the proposed protocol outperformed LoRaWAN in terms of end-to-end packet delivery ratio,energy consumption,end-to-end delay,and network *** 100 nodes,the proposed protocol achieved a 13%improvement in packet delivery ratio,10 ms improvement in delay,and 10 mJ improvement in average energy consumption over LoRaWAN.

关键词： Internet of Things wireless sensor networks traffic load clustering routing energy efficiency

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A Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Task Offloading Framework for Edge-Cloud Computing 2

A Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Task Offloading Framewor...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits and Communication Systems, ICICACS 2024

作者： Kalpana, Ponugoti Almusawi, Muntather Chanti, Yerrolla Sunil Kumar, V. Varaprasad Rao, M. Avn Institute of Engineering & Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Telangana India The Islamic University Najaf Iraq Sr University School of Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Warangal India Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Department of Ai and Ml Bengaluru India Cvr College of Engineering Department of Data Science Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317558

By introducing the processing and resources storage to the network edge, edge computing is a new, promising computing paradigm that drastically decreases network traffic and service latency. Many edge computing applications consist of interdependent tasks, wherein the results of one task are the inputs of another. The important and difficult problem of where to position each running task to optimise Quality-of-Service (QoS) is how to offload these tasks to edge of network. In this work, implemented a novel Deep Reinforcement Learning based Task Offloading (DRLTO) method utilized as the intelligent task offloading that uses a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) to represent the dependent tasks and off-policy reinforcement learning powered by a Sequence-to-Sequence (S2S) neural network. This research outcomes show that the DRLTO achieved less cloud processing time, and number of single terminal tasks, and percentage of failed task when compared to Deep reinforcement learning-based cloud-edge collaborative mobile computation offloading (DRL-CCMCO) and DeepEdge. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： and task offloading Deep reinforcement learning Multi-access edge computing sequence to sequence neural networks

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Enhancing Healthcare Data Security through Blockchain-Enhanced IDPS and Multi-Layered Firewall System

Enhancing Healthcare Data Security through Blockchain-Enhanc...

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Advancement in Technology (ICONAT), International Conference for

作者： Vishnu Kurnala Department of Computer Science and Engineering(AI&ML) Vardhaman College of Engineering

ISBN: (数字)9798350354171

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354188

This paper introduces a novel security framework to fortify healthcare data against cyber threats, incorporating blockchain technology and ledger tokenization within an integrated Intrusion Detection and Protection System (IDPS). Faced with escalating cybersecurity challenges, our approach merges traditional protection mechanisms with cutting-edge technologies to offer unparalleled data integrity and security. By leveraging blockchain for immutable data trails and enhancing IDPS with advanced machine learning techniques, our solution provides a robust defense against a range of cyber threats, including ransomware and data breaches. Extensive testing in simulated environments confirms the effectiveness of our system, suggesting it as a viable blueprint for future developments in healthcare cybersecurity. This study not only demonstrates the application of blockchain in enhancing data security but also sets the stage for further innovative practices in protecting sensitive healthcare information.

关键词： Firewalls (computing) Data integrity Intrusion detection Medical services Machine learning Tokenization Blockchains Ransomware Protection Testing

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How far are we to GPT-4V?Closing the gap to commercial multimodal models with open-source suites

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第12期67卷 5-22页

作者： Zhe CHEN Weiyun WANG Hao TIAN Shenglong YE Zhangwei GAO Erfei CUI Wenwen TONG Kongzhi HU Jiapeng LUO Zheng MA Ji MA Jiaqi WANG Xiaoyi DONG Hang YAN Hewei GUO Conghui HE Botian SHI Zhenjiang JIN Chao XU Bin WANG Xingjian WEI Wei LI Wenjian ZHANG Bo ZHANG Pinlong Cai Licheng WEN Xiangchao YAN Min DOU Lewei LU Xizhou ZHU Tong LU Dahua LIN Yu QIAO Jifeng Dai Wenhai WANG State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Shanghai AI Laboratory School of Computer Science Fudan University SenseTime Research Department of Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University

In this paper, we introduce InternVL 1.5, an open-source multimodal large language model(mlLM) to bridge the capability gap between open-source and proprietary commercial models in multimodal understanding. We introduce three simple improvements.(1) Strong vision encoder: we explored a continuous learning strategy for the large-scale vision foundation model — InternViT-6B, boosting its visual understanding capabilities, and making it can be transferred and reused in different LLMs.(2) Dynamic high-resolution: we divide images into tiles ranging from 1 to 40 of 448×448 pixels according to the aspect ratio and resolution of the input images, which supports up to 4K resolution input.(3) High-quality bilingual dataset: we carefully collected a high-quality bilingual dataset that covers common scenes, document images,and annotated them with English and Chinese question-answer pairs, significantly enhancing performance in optical character recognition(OCR) and Chinese-related tasks. We evaluate InternVL 1.5 through a series of benchmarks and comparative studies. Compared to both open-source and proprietary commercial models, InternVL 1.5 shows competitive performance, achieving state-of-the-art results in 8 of 18 multimodal benchmarks. Code and models are available at https://***/OpenGVLab/InternVL.

关键词： multimodal model open-source vision encoder dynamic resolution bilingual dataset

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Rainfall Forecasting Using Deep Learning and Cloud Image Analysis

Rainfall Forecasting Using Deep Learning and Cloud Image Ana...

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Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC), 2020 International Conference on

作者： K. RamaKrishna Reddy V. Sravya Reddy V. Sriram Sathvik Shaik Mahaboob Subhani Department of Computer Science and Engineering(AI & ML) Vignan Institute of Technology and Science

ISBN: (数字)9798350379945

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379952

This study introduces a new approach to rainfall prediction using deep learning and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for analyzing cloud image data sourced from diverse platforms. Traditional methods often struggle to capture precipitation patterns' complexity, necessitating advanced technologies like CNNs. The methodology emphasizes meticulous data preprocessing, including multiple discriminations, ratio adjustment, and augmentation, optimizing input data for CNNs to enhance quality, robustness, and predictive model effectiveness. A binary classification component enhances prediction accuracy and provides valuable insights into rainfall occurrence's binary nature. Using the multi-class weather dataset (MWD), this study explores weather image classification, examining dataset structure and showcasing sample images for each weather type. Two models with distinct architectures are trained from scratch, alongside a transfer learning model utilizing the VGG 16 pre-trained model. Result demonstrate promising performance across all models on the test dataset, highlighting their ability to accurately classify weather types. This study contributes to advancing rainfall prediction methodologies, offering insights into CNN application for weather analysis and forecasting, addressing critical needs in various sectors reliant on accurate weather predictions.

关键词： Deep learning Rain Accuracy Transfer learning Predictive models Real-time systems Convolutional neural networks Forecasting Meteorology Image classification

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Programmable directional color dynamics using plasmonics

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 325-334页

作者： Gyurin Kim Doeun Kim Soeun Ko Jang-Hwan Han Juhwan Kim Joo Hwan Ko Young Min Song Hyeon-Ho Jeong School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Department of Semiconductor Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Artificial Intelligence(AI)Graduate School Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea

Adaptive multicolor filters have emerged as key components for ensuring color accuracy and resolution in outdoor visual ***,the current state of this technology is still in its infancy and largely reliant on liquid crystal devices that require high voltage and bulky structural ***,we present a multicolor nanofilter consisting of multilayered‘active’plasmonic nanocomposites,wherein metallic nanoparticles are embedded within a conductive polymer *** nanocomposites are fabricated with a total thickness below 100 nm using a‘lithography-free’method at the wafer level,and they inherently exhibit three prominent optical modes,accompanying scattering phenomena that produce distinct dichroic reflection and transmission ***,a pivotal achievement is that all these colors are electrically manipulated with an applied external voltage of less than 1 V with 3.5 s of switching speed,encompassing the entire visible ***,this electrically programmable multicolor function enables the effective and dynamic modulation of the color temperature of white light across the warm-to-cool spectrum(3250 K-6250 K).This transformative capability is exceptionally valuable for enhancing the performance of outdoor optical devices that are independent of factors such as the sun’s elevation and prevailing weather conditions.

关键词： directional prevailing exceptional

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Deep Sentiment: “An Effective Sentiment Analysis of Twitter Data using BERT+GRU Hybrid Model”

Deep Sentiment: “An Effective Sentiment Analysis of Twitter...

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International Conference on ent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS)

作者： K. Sudhakar T. Jatin Pratap Singh M. Thanuj B. Praveen Department of Computer Science and Engineering (AI & ML) Vignan Institute of Technology and Science Nalgonda Telangana

ISBN: (数字)9798331512088

ISBN: (纸本)9798331512095

Sentiment Analysis (SA) has been an active area of research for over a decade. It involves an in-depth study of opinions, sentiments, and subjectivity expressed in text. Among various platforms, Twitter is one of the most popular microblogging services and serves as a significant source for sentiment analysis and data exploration. Organizations globally utilize SA on Twitter data to gain insights with applications across various domains. However, while SA is effective for understanding public opinion, bias in tweets can distort analysis, leading to inaccurate results and potentially influencing users to make flawed decisions. Such biased tweets may originate from both authentic but biased individuals and automated social bots that disseminate skewed opinions on specific topics. To address this challenge, this research proposes a statistical model designed to detect users and bots responsible for spreading biased content on Twitter. Using an annotated Twitter dataset, the study evaluates sentiment analysis results with and without biased tweets, analysing the impact of biased users at both micro and macro levels. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively distinguishes biased users and bots from genuine users, thereby enhancing the accuracy of sentiment analysis.

关键词： Sentiment analysis Analytical models Accuracy Social networking (online) Computational modeling Blogs Organizations Control systems Data models Data mining

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