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13th Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics, StarSEM 2024

作者： Bruera, Andrea Zamani, Farbod Poesio, Massimo Cognition and Plasticity Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany Department of Computing Goldsmiths University of London United Kingdom CogSci Research Group School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761063

Polysemes are words that can have different senses depending on the context of utterance: for instance, ‘newspaper’ can refer to an organization (as in ‘manage the newspaper’) or to an object (as in ‘open the newspaper’). Contrary to a large body of evidence coming from psycholinguistics, polysemy has been traditionally modelled in NLP by assuming that each sense should be given a separate representation in a lexicon (e.g. WordNet). This led to the current situation, where datasets used to evaluate the ability of computational models of semantics miss crucial details about the representation of polysemes, thus limiting the amount of evidence that can be gained from their use. In this paper we propose a framework to approach polysemy as a continuous variation in psycholinguistic properties of a word in context. This approach accommodates different sense interpretations, without postulating clear-cut jumps between senses. First we describe a publicly available English dataset that we collected, where polysemes in context (verb-noun phrases) are annotated for their concreteness and body sensory strength. Then, we evaluate static and contextualized language models in their ability to predict the ratings of each polyseme in context, as well as in their ability to capture the distinction among senses, revealing and characterizing in an interpretable way the models’ flaws. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Semantics

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Representation Matters for Mastering Chess: Improved Feature Representation in AlphaZero Outperforms Switching to Transformers 27

Representation Matters for Mastering Chess: Improved Feature...

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27th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2024

作者： Czech, Johannes Blüml, Jannis Kersting, Kristian Steingrimsson, Hedinn Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Lab TU Darmstadt Germany Darmstadt Germany Centre for Cognitive Science TU Darmstadt Germany Darmstadt Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States HoustonTX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685489

While transformers have gained recognition as a versatile tool for artificial intelligence (AI), an unexplored challenge arises in the context of chess — a classical AI benchmark. Here, incorporating Vision Transformers (ViTs) into AlphaZero is insufficient for chess mastery, mainly due to ViTs' computational limitations. The attempt to optimize their efficiency by combining MobileNet and NextViT outperformed AlphaZero by about 30 Elo. However, we propose a practical improvement that involves a simple change in the input representation and value loss functions. As a result, we achieve a significant performance boost of up to 180 Elo points beyond what is currently achievable with AlphaZero in chess. In addition to these improvements, our experimental results using the Integrated Gradient technique confirm the effectiveness of the newly introduced features. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Distribution transformers

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IoT In Increasing Human to Machine Interactions in the Automobile Sector 1

IoT In Increasing Human to Machine Interactions in the Autom...

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1st International Conference on Applied Artificial Intelligence and Computing, ICAAIC 2022

作者： Mindarta, Erwin Komara Kavitha, D. Poongundran, Mahizharuvi Priyadarshini, R. Sethu Ram, M. Moldabayeva, Magira Universitas Negeri Automotive Engineering Education Program Malang Indonesia School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology India Sri Meenakshi Government Arts College for Women Pg & Research Department of Computer Science Tamil nadu India School of Computer Science and Engineering College Vit Sr.Grade Ii Department Chennai India School of Engineering & Technology Department of Computer Science & Engineering Tirupati India International Education Corporation Department of Linguistics Almaty Kazakhstan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665497107

IoT technologies can facilitate machine-to-machine as well as human-to-machine interactions. Use of an automotive human-machine interface can help in exchanging information between vehicles and passengers or drivers. Organizations in automobile sector are using these technologies for providing their customers with seamless customer-experience, which has helped not only in enhancing profitability of the organization;however also in enhancing customer base. An advanced speech-recognition technology is used in the cars for automation of different functions that ensures extraordinary experience for a driver. This requires adoption of an advanced industrial user-interface that connects the human with the machine actively. Present study has analyzed the ways IoT has played a significant role in making human-to-machine interaction possible in automobile industry. In literature-review, different concepts and theories support the impact of IoT in improving human-machine interactions in automobile industry. This chapter has further analyzed the challenges related to the use of this technology. In methodology section of current study, the ways data has been collected in the study has been analyzed. In findings-section, objectives and variables of the study have been considered for designing relevant themes for providing proper insight into the effectiveness of IoT technologies in improving human -machine interactions in automobile industry. The findings section reveals that IoT usage in this industry can enhance customer-experience by improving human-machine interactions especially when using IoT-enabled cars. It has provided proper suggestions regarding the best ways of utilizing IoT in this sector while ensuring reduction of possible risks. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Automotive industry

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Comparison of YOLOv8 and EfficientDet4 Algorithms in Detecting the Ripeness of Oil Palm Fruit Bunch 10

Comparison of YOLOv8 and EfficientDet4 Algorithms in Detecti...

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10th International Conference on ICT for Smart Society, ICISS 2023

作者： Priyadi, Muhammad Reza Azhar Suharjito Bina Nusantara University BINUS Online Learning Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Industrial Engineering Industrial Engineering Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350339543

Despite Indonesia's leading position in palm oil processing, the inaccurate assessment of oil palm fruit maturity poses challenges in determining the optimal harvest timing and maintaining product quality. With advancements in information technology, including image processing and object detection techniques like YOLO and EfficientDet, there is potential for automated and precise identification of palm fruit maturity. To explore this, the authors conducted research to identify the most suitable algorithm for detecting the ripeness of palm oil fruit. The study utilized a dataset consisting of 8299 images with six maturity levels, employing augmentation techniques to increase image variability. Results show that YOLO V8s outperformed EfficientDet Lite 4 in terms of object detection precision, achieving higher mean average precision (mAP) scores. YOLO V8s showed a 4% improvement in mAP@50 and a 16% improvement in mAP@50-95 compared to EfficientDet Lite 4. YOLO V8s achieved a mAP of 0.978 for mAP@50 and 0.765 for mAP@50-95, surpassing EfficientDet Lite 4. However, EfficientDet Lite 4 had an advantage in terms of class accuracy and bounding box placement, as indicated by smaller box loss and cIs- loss values. YOLO V8s also demonstrated better frames per second (FPS) performance, ranging from 10 to 15 FPS, compared to EfficientDet Lite 4. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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The Effect of Cache Decision Policies on QoE in Multiple Video and Audio Streaming over ICN/CCN

The Effect of Cache Decision Policies on QoE in Multiple Vid...

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Communications and Networking (MeditCom), IEEE International Mediterranean Conference on

作者： Keisuke Kobayashi Toshiro Nunome Department of Engineering Computer Science Program Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350309485

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309492

This paper considers video and audio transmission in ICN (Information-Centric Networking)/ CCN (ContentCentric Networking), where each intermediate node can cache content. We have proposed LCD with Prob, combining traditional policies: LCD (Leave Copy Down) and probabilistic caching. This paper assumes a case where multiple video and audio streams exist simultaneously. We assess application-level QoS (Quality of Service) and QoE (Quality of Experience) of video and audio transmission utilizing LCD with Prob. We also add a mechanism for further QoE enhancement called “LCD with Prob deletion.” We assess application-level QoS using a computer simulation with a tree network and QoE by means of a subjective experiment. From the assessment result, we show the effectiveness of LCD with Prob deletion against existing policies.

关键词： Network topology Scalability Redundancy Quality of service Streaming media Probabilistic logic Liquid crystal displays

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Air Particulate Matters Auto-Rule-Based Labeling to Support Long-Distance Run Environment Data Classification 13

Air Particulate Matters Auto-Rule-Based Labeling to Support ...

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13th IEEE Symposium on computer Applications and Industrial Electronics, ISCAIE 2023

作者： Wandy, Wandy Adi, Kusworo Ayu, Media Anugerah Diponegoro University Doctoral Program of Information Systems School of Postgraduate Studies Semarang Indonesia Diponegoro University Faculty of Science and Mathematics Department of Physics Semarang Indonesia Sampoerna University Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science South Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347319

Sports science is an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary science that strives to increase athletic performance and endurance. Sport science recognizes and prevents injuries. Sensors and statistics formalize Sports science. Runners need coaches and teams to support them before, during, and after the run race. Coaches generate running training plans to boost performance. Running race performances may be impacted by air pollution exposure while training, so coaches should consider limiting air pollution exposure when training. One of the external factors is Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10). Sensors connecting to the Internet can record external factors and produce csv data. The foundation of supervised machine learning is the labeling process. Labeling a set of data is one of the laborious and time-consuming phases in every machine-learning application because it requires verifying the accuracy of the labels and making any necessary revisions. This research aimed to find a solution to automatically label numerous air particulate matter raw data using a rule based on parameters to reduce manual work, human errors and faster processes. This labeled data will later be used for supervised machine learning classification to support the coach in generating training programs for the runners in a Sports Information System. Based on Indonesia Air Quality index rule-based approach, labeled text data in csv has been generated and tested with PM2.5 and PM10 parameters in three scenarios with a 100% success rate. It was possible to automate the labeling process, and it explained how automation results in fast and accurate results. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Metaverse with Mobile Twin Edge Computing: Empowering Optimal Efficiency and Accuracy

Metaverse with Mobile Twin Edge Computing: Empowering Optima...

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2024 International Conference on engineering and Computing, ICECT 2024

作者： Bibi, Asma Noor, Umara Rashid, Zahid International Islamic University Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Department of Software Engineering Islamabad Pakistan Kohsar University Department of Computer Science Murree Pakistan Technology Management Economics and Policy Program College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349719

The concept of Digital Twin has been widely used by researchers to represent physical entities in computer-generated reality in the metaverse. In this research, a novel concept of 'Mobile Twin' is coined. Mobile Twin serves as a replica of a mobile device in the virtual environment enabling communication. The purpose of introducing Mobile Twin in the metaverse is to bring mobility and benefits similar to tangible mobile devices while eliminating the need for individual energy sources, storage limitations, resource usage, and efficiency. The true benefits of a mobile twin can be achieved with an architecture where computing nodes are decentralized, data processing is near the network's edge with faster response times and reduced latency. For this purpose, the mobile twin-based applications of metaverse are built over edge computing-based network architecture. This idea introduced the aspect of 'Revolutionary Ultra-low latency (RULL)' in the metaverse. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power utilization

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CAMRI Loss: Improving the Recall of a Specific Class without Sacrificing Accuracy

CAMRI Loss: Improving the Recall of a Specific Class without...

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作者： Nishiyama, Daiki Fukuchi, Kazuto Akimoto, Youhei Sakuma, Jun Master's Program in Computer Science Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba-shi305-8577 Japan RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project Tokyo103-0027 Japan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Tsukuba-shi305-8577 Japan

In real world applications of multiclass classification models, misclassification in an important class (e.g., stop sign) can be significantly more harmful than in other classes (e.g., no parking). Thus, it is crucial to improve the recall of an important class while maintaining overall accuracy. For this problem, we found that improving the separation of important classes relative to other classes in the feature space is effective. Existing methods that give a class-sensitive penalty for cross-entropy loss do not improve the separation. Moreover, the methods designed to improve separations between all classes are unsuitable for our purpose because they do not consider the important classes. To achieve the separation, we propose a loss function that explicitly gives loss for the feature space, called class-sensitive additive angular margin (CAMRI) loss. CAMRI loss is expected to reduce the variance of an important class due to the addition of a penalty to the angle between the important class features and the corresponding weight vectors in the feature space. In addition, concentrating the penalty on only the important class hardly sacrifices separating the other classes. Experiments on CIFAR-10, GTSRB, and AwA2 showed that CAMRI loss could improve the recall of a specific class without sacrificing accuracy. In particular, compared with GTSRB's second-worst class recall when trained with cross-entropy loss, CAMRI loss improved recall by 9%. © 2023 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers.

关键词： Deep learning

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Early Detection and Classification of Melanoma Based on Android MobileNet V2 Convolutional Neural Network

Early Detection and Classification of Melanoma Based on Andr...

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2023 International Seminar on Application for Technology of Information and Communication, iSemantic 2023

作者： Prabandari, Jasmine Iswarini Dyah Sari, Christy Atika Rachmawanto, Eko Hari Irawan, Candra Altamer, Bilal R. Alkhafaji, Mohamed Ayad University of Dian Nuswantoro Study Program in Informatics Engineering Semarang Indonesia University of Dian Nuswantoro Study Program in Information Systems Semarang Indonesia Mosul University Presidency University of Mosul Mosul Iraq National University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science DhiQar Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9798350339215

Melanoma is a malignant form of cancer that affects the skin and has a particularly high mortality rate, so it requires early detection to increase the level of safety for users. Diagnosis and detection of skin cancer are usually done through manual screening and visual inspection. This process requires a long time, has high complexity, is subjective, and is prone to errors. CNN is one of the algorithms with advantages in accurate classification. In this research, early detection and classification of melanoma cancer were carried out based on two classes, namely benign and malignant using the Convolutional Neural Network method. Our proposed method yields an accuracy of 81.11% for the validation data. The accuracy results obtained can be improved by using more datasets and increasing the number of layers used. This study uses the CNN method using MobileNet V2 architecture to detect melanoma skin cancer. The class used is benign and malignant. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Multi-agent Multi-armed Bandits with Stochastic Sharable Arm Capacities

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xie, Hong Mo, Jinyu Lian, Defu Wang, Jie Chen, Enhong School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence China Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science University of Science and Technology of China China College of Computer Science Chongqing University China

Motivated by distributed selection problems, we formulate a new variant of multi-player multi-armed bandit (MAB) model, which captures stochastic arrival of requests to each arm, as well as the policy of allocating requests to players. The challenge is how to design a distributed learning algorithm such that players select arms according to the optimal arm pulling profile (an arm pulling profile prescribes the number of players at each arm) without communicating to each other. We first design a greedy algorithm, which locates one of the optimal arm pulling profiles with a polynomial computational complexity. We also design an iterative distributed algorithm for players to commit to an optimal arm pulling profile with a constant number of rounds in expectation. We apply the explore then commit (ETC) framework to address the online setting when model parameters are unknown. We design an exploration strategy for players to estimate the optimal arm pulling profile. Since such estimates can be different across different players, it is challenging for players to commit. We then design an iterative distributed algorithm, which guarantees that players can arrive at a consensus on the optimal arm pulling profile in only M rounds. We conduct experiments to validate our algorithm. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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