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IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing With Applications

作者： De Freitas, Edison Pignaton Heimfarth, Tales Pereira, Carlos Eduardo Ferreira, Armando Morado Wagner, Flávio Rech Larsson, Tony School of Information Science Computer and Electrical Engineering Halmstad University Halmstad Sweden Institute of Informatics Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Computer Science Department Federal University of Lavras Lavras Brazil Defense Engineering Graduate Program Military Institute of Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780769541907

This paper presents a comparison among different strategies to coordinate the use of heterogeneous wireless sensors aimed for area surveillance. The heterogeneity among the sensor nodes is related to their sensing and mobility capabilities. The goal of the strategies is to provide coordination among the different nodes, in order to make the wireless sensor network perform its missions with higher efficiency. Strategies combine advantages of bio-inspired and utility-based approaches to coordination. Simulations of scenarios with different characteristics were performed and the results are compared and analyzed. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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Experimental measurement of growth patterns on fossil corals:Secular variation in ancient Earth-Sun distances

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Chinese science Bulletin 2010年第35期55卷 4010-4017页

作者： ZHANG WeiJia1,3,4,LI ZhengBin2,3 & LEI Yang1 1 department of Physics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 2 department of Electrical engineering and computer science,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 3 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems & Networks,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China 4 Committee of Yuanpei Honors program,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China Department of Physics Peking University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems & Networks Peking University Beijing China Committee of Yuanpei Honors Program Peking University Beijing China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing China

In recent years,much attention has been given to the increase in the Earth-Sun distance,with the modern rate reported as 5-15 m/cy on the basis of astronomical ***,traditional methods cannot measure the ancient leaving rates,so a myriad of research attempting to provide explanations were met with unmatched *** this paper we consider that the growth patterns on fossils could reflect the ancient Earth-Sun *** mechanical analysis of both the Earth-Sun and Earth-Moon systems,these patterns confirmed an increase in the Earth-Sun *** a large number of well-preserved specimens and new technology available,both the modern and ancient leaving rates could be measured with high precision,and it was found that the Earth has been leaving the Sun over the past 0.53 billion *** Earth's semi-major axis was 146 million kilometers at the beginning of the Phanerozoic Eon,equating to 97.6% of its current *** modern leaving rates are 5-14 m/cy,whereas the ancient rates were much *** results indicate a special expansion with an average expansion coefficient of 0.57H0 and deceleration in the form of Hubble *** the basis of experimental results,the Earth's semi-major axis could be represented by a simple formula that matches fossil measurements.

关键词：地球太阳古代距离生长模式实验石珊瑚量化

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SPEECH INTELLIGIBILITY OF IDEAL BINARY MASKED MIXTURES

SPEECH INTELLIGIBILITY OF IDEAL BINARY MASKED MIXTURES

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European Signal Processing Conference

作者： Ulrik Kjems Michael S. Pedersen Jesper B. Boldt Thomas Lunner DeLiang Wang Oticon Oticon Research Centre Eriksholm Department of Computer Science & Engineering and Center for Cognitive Science The Ohio State University

An analysis of intelligibility measurements of ideal binary masked speech in noise for a group of normal hearing listeners is presented. In the proposed model, speech cues in the processed mixtures are encoded by two information channels: a noisy speech channel and a vocoded noise channel. Results indicate that the former dominates for dense binary mask patterns, and the latter for sparse binary mask patterns, as controlled by a local SNR criterion used for forming the ideal mask. Moreover, speech cues from the target part of the processed mixture may be better utilized by the listeners as a result of the ideal binary masking. Finally, the analysis is extended to show a good qualitative agreement with several previous studies of intelligibility of ideal binary masked noisy speech.

关键词： Speech Signal to noise ratio Noise measurement Time-frequency analysis Speech processing Predictive models

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INTEGRATING MONAURAL AND BINAURAL ANALYSIS FOR LOCALIZING MULTIPLE REVERBERANT SOUND SOURCES

INTEGRATING MONAURAL AND BINAURAL ANALYSIS FOR LOCALIZING MU...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing

作者： John Woodruff DeLiang Wang Department of Computer Science and Engineering & Center for Cognitive Science The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210-1277 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424442959

Localization of simultaneous sound sources in natural environments with only two microphones is a challenging problem. Reverberation degrades performance of localization based exclusively on directional cues. We present an approach that integrates monaural and binaural analysis to improve localization of multiple speech sources in noisy and reverberant environments. Our approach incorporates pitch-based monaural processing to perform simultaneous organization of voiced speech. We propose a probabilistic framework to jointly perform localization and sequential organization using binaural cues. We evaluate our system on multi-source speech mixtures in the presence of reverberation and diffuse noise and compare it to two localization approaches that do not incorporate monaural cues. Results indicate that our system can accurately localize multiple sources in very challenging conditions.

关键词： Binaural sound localization sequential organization monaural grouping computational auditory scene analysis serial file monaural Reverberation acoustic radiators Noise SOUND

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Why Gabor frames? Two fundamental measures of coherence and their role in model selection

Why Gabor frames? Two fundamental measures of coherence and ...

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作者： Bajwa, Waheed U. Calderbank, Robert Jafarpour, Sina Department of Electrical Engineering Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 United States Department of Computer Science Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 United States

The problem of model selection arises in a number of contexts, such as subset selection in linear regression, estimation of structures in graphical models, and signal denoising. This paper studies non-asymptotic model selection for the general case of arbitrary (random or deterministic) design matrices and arbitrary nonzero entries of the signal. In this regard, it generalizes the notion of incoherence in the existing literature on model selection and introduces two fundamental measures of coherence- termed as the worst-case coherence and the average coherence-among the columns of a design matrix. It utilizes these two measures of coherence to provide an in-depth analysis of a simple, model-order agnostic one-step thresholding (OST) algorithm for model selection and proves that OST is feasible for exact as well as partial model selection as long as the design matrix obeys an easily verifiable property, which is termed as the coherence property. One of the key insights offered by the ensuing analysis in this regard is that OST can successfully carry out model selection even when methods based on convex optimization such as the lasso fail due to the rank deficiency of the submatrices of the design matrix. In addition, the paper establishes that if the design matrix has reasonably small worst-case and average coherence then OST performs near-optimally when either (i) the energy of any nonzero entry of the signal is close to the average signal energy per nonzero entry or (ii) the signal-to-noise ratio in the measurement system is not too high. Finally, two other key contributions of the paper are that (i) it provides bounds on the average coherence of Gaussian matrices and Gabor frames, and (ii) it extends the results on model selection using OST to low-complexity, model-order agnostic recovery of sparse signals with arbitrary nonzero entries. In particular, this part of the analysis in the paper implies that an Alltop Gabor frame together with OST can successfully carr

关键词： Recovery

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Partial response maximum likelihood sequence detector for a nonlinear magnetic recording channel

Partial response maximum likelihood sequence detector for a ...

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2010 International Conference on System science and engineering, ICSSE 2010

作者： Kao, Tsai-Sheng Chen, Chiu-Hsiung Chen, Sheng-Chih Hou, Sheng-Yun Chang, Yuan-Chang Chou, Xsing-Bang Department of Electronic Engineering Hwa-Hsia Institute of Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering China University of Technology Hsinchu Taiwan Graduate Program of Digital Contens and Technologies ChengChi University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424464746

The nonlinear effects of partial erasure and transition shift, however, often limit the performance attained by the partial response maximum likelihood (PRML) detector because of model mismatch. Conventionally, the nonlinear effects are either ignored or approximated by linearization technique. In the article, a PRML detector for the PR4 model including the nonlinear effects has been developed to improve the detector performance. The new representation is more accurate and the corresponding PRML detector has better performance without increasing the realization complexity. computer simulation results show that the new representation outperforms the conventional ones due to the enhanced modeling capability. The method is also expected to be applied in the high order partial response channel. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetic recording

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Correlation functions for storage data and nonreturn-to-zero-inverted modulated data of a high-density magnetic recording channel with partial erasure effect

Correlation functions for storage data and nonreturn-to-zero...

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2010 International Conference on computer Modeling and Simulation, ICCMS 2010

作者： Kao, Tsai-Sheng Chen, Chiu-Hsiung Chen, Sheng-Chih Chang, Yuan-Chang Wang, Shun-Te Department of Electronic Engineering Hwa-Hsia Institute of Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering China University of Technology Hsinchu Taiwan Graduate Program of Digital Contens and Technologies ChengChi University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780769539416

As magnetic recording densities grow, the nonlinear distortions, known as transition shift and partial erasure, arise and limit the performance of the detector. Despite that the transition shift can be compensated by a write current technique, the effect of partial erasure complicates the evaluation of the correlation functions for the storage data and the nonreturn-to-zero- inverted modulated data. In this article, we observe the dependence between the partial erasure effect and storage data, and derive the correlation functions for storage data and nonreturn-to-zero-inverted modulated data in a high density magnetic recording channel. The closed-form of the correlation functions are obtained, these results are applied to verify the timing function of the Muller & Mueller's phase detector in a partial response class IV channel via computer simulations. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Signal detection

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Tour route planning multimedia system with particle swarm optimization designed

Tour route planning multimedia system with particle swarm op...

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作者： Chen, Ruey-Maw Yan, Ah-Taur Lin, Chung-Hsien Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering NCUT Taichung 41101 Taiwan Master Program of Landscape and Recreation Feng Chia University Taichung 40724 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9788988678183

This work suggests an adaptive tour route planning multimedia system designed to meet the needs of different tourists. Tour route planning is a 'traveling salesman problem' (TSP) type problem. TSP is an example of a combinatorial optimization problem and is known as NP-hard. As studied by many researchers exact, heuristic (approximation) and metaheuristic algorithms are usually applied for NP problems. A promising meta-heuristic algorithm is proposed to solve the tour route planning problems which involves minimization of total traveling time, total travel expenses or the combined total traveling time and expenses. Moreover, a simple exchange local search heuristic is also applied to increase the exploitation (intensification) competence of the scheme. Restated, finding out the optimal planned tour using particle swarm optimization and increasing performance by exchange heuristic scheme is suggested. Simulation results indicate the PSO with exchange heuristic designed provides a promising strategy, and is efficient for solving tour route planning problems.

关键词： Traveling salesman problem

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PDMS stretchable platforms for the studies of mechanical compression on neurogenesis

PDMS stretchable platforms for the studies of mechanical com...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and engineering, IEEE NANOMED 2010

作者： Esfandiari, Leyla Tang, William C. Biomedical Engineering Interdepartmental Program University of California Los Angeles CA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Irvine CA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Irvine CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781612841533

The use of MEMS to study the effect of mechanical compression on neurogenesis has been demonstrated. Polydimethylsiloxane- (PDMS)-based stretchable platforms were used on neurosphere assay to investigate the role of mechanical forces on the formation of radial glial processes, neuronal generation and migration. To induce mechanical compression on neurospheres, The PDMS culturing substrate is patterned with micron-sized wells. Neurospheres are cultured on the prestretched device. After 48 hours, when neurospheres are grown to the size of the well's width, the stretched substrate is released. The experimental results showed that applied mechanical compression on neural stem cells cultured as neurospheres could be a factor accelerating the radial glial formation, which is associated to neurogenesis and neuronal migration. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Polydimethylsiloxane

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A new multi-objective optimization formulation for rail-car fleet sizing problems

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Operational Research 2010年第2期10卷 175-198页

作者： Sayarshad, Hamid Reza Marler, Timothy Department of Industrial Engineering Mazandaran University of Science and Technology 16388-95114 Babol Iran Center for Computer Aided Design Virtual Soldier Research Program University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52246 United States

With potential application to a variety of industries, fleet sizing problems present a prevalent and significant challenge for engineers and managers. This is especially true of applications involving rail cars, where origins and destinations have capacity restrictions. This paper presents a new multi-objective optimization formulation, solution method, and analysis for multi-periodic fleet sizing problems of various sizes. Profit and quality (minimal unmet demands) represent conflicting objectives and are maximized simultaneously. The Pareto optimal set is depicted and is used for trade-off analysis. The solution involves the optimal fleet size as well as the optimal rail-car allocation strategy. The proposed approach is applied to an example problem and is shown to be successful, ultimately providing a new managerial tool for planning and analyzing rail-car fleets more effectively. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Multi-objective optimization Package sizing Rail-car fleet sizing

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