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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Taubenfeld, Amir Dover, Yaniv Reichart, Roi Goldstein, Ariel The Hebrew University of Jerusalem School of Computer Science and Engineering Israel Google Research United States The Hebrew University Business School Jerusalem Israel Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences Technion Israel Department of Cognitive and Brain Sciences Hebrew University Jerusalem Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761643

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), has opened exciting possibilities for constructing computational simulations designed to replicate human behavior accurately. Current research suggests that LLM-based agents become increasingly human-like in their performance, sparking interest in using these AI agents as substitutes for human participants in behavioral studies. However, LLMs are complex statistical learners without straightforward deductive rules, making them prone to unexpected behaviors. Hence, it is crucial to study and pinpoint the key behavioral distinctions between humans and LLM-based agents. In this study, we highlight the limitations of LLMs in simulating human interactions, particularly focusing on LLMs' ability to simulate political debates on topics that are important aspects of people's day-to-day lives and decision-making processes. Our findings indicate a tendency for LLM agents to conform to the model's inherent social biases despite being directed to debate from certain political perspectives. This tendency results in behavioral patterns that seem to deviate from well-established social dynamics among humans. We reinforce these observations using an automatic self-fine-tuning method, which enables us to manipulate the biases within the LLM and demonstrate that agents subsequently align with the altered biases. These results underscore the need for further research to develop methods that help agents overcome these biases, a critical step toward creating more realistic simulations. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Modeling Misinformation with Q-Learning, Nim, and Multi-Agents

Modeling Misinformation with Q-Learning, Nim, and Multi-Agen...

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2022 IEEE MIT Undergraduate Research Technology Conference, URTC 2022

作者： Huang, Elijah Mui, Phil University of California Irvine Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences Fremont United States Aspiring Scholars Directed Research Program Department of Computer Science and Engineering Fremont United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665473453

Misinformation or so called 'fake news' has become a pressing issue around the world. This research proposes modeling the spread of misinformation through Q-learning, the game of Nim, and multi-Agent simulations. Through analyzing theoretical properties of the model and studying factors in how misinformation affects it, we show how the model reflects the real-life impact of fake news. The scalability of the framework and its emulation of real-human behavior make it versatile and believable. Through further study of this model, our hope is to shed light on effective tactics for combating fake news in the real world. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Game theory

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Multi-Resolution Location-Based Training for Multi-Channel Continuous Speech Separation

Multi-Resolution Location-Based Training for Multi-Channel C...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Hassan Taherian DeLiang Wang Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University USA Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences The Ohio State University USA

The performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems severely degrades when multi-talker speech overlap occurs. In meeting environments, speech separation is typically performed to improve the robustness of ASR systems. Recently, location-based training (LBT) was proposed as a new training criterion for multi-channel talker-independent speaker separation. Assuming fixed array geometry, LBT outperforms widely-used permutation-invariant training in fully overlapped utterances and matched reverberant conditions. This paper extends LBT to conversational multi-channel speaker separation. We introduce multi-resolution LBT to estimate the complex spectrograms from low to high time and frequency resolutions. With multi-resolution LBT, convolutional kernels are assigned consistently based on speaker locations in physical space. Evaluation results show that multi-resolution LBT consistently outperforms other competitive methods on the recorded LibriCSS corpus.

关键词： Training Geometry Time-frequency analysis Convolution Robustness Frequency estimation Speech processing

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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

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ACS NANO 2023年第6期17卷 5211-5295页

作者： Luo, Yifei Abidian, Mohammad Reza Ahn, Jong-Hyun Akinwande, Deji Andrews, Anne M. Antonietti, Markus Bao, Zhenan Berggren, Magnus Berkey, Christopher A. Bettinger, Christopher John Chen, Jun Chen, Peng Cheng, Wenlong Cheng, Xu Choi, Seon-Jin Chortos, Alex Dagdeviren, Canan Dauskardt, Reinhold H. Di, Chong-an Dickey, Michael D. Duan, Xiangfeng Facchetti, Antonio Fan, Zhiyong Fang, Yin Feng, Jianyou Feng, Xue Gao, Huajian Gao, Wei Gong, Xiwen Guo, Chuan Fei Guo, Xiaojun Hartel, Martin C. He, Zihan Ho, John S. Hu, Youfan Huang, Qiyao Huang, Yu Huo, Fengwei Hussain, Muhammad M. Javey, Ali Jeong, Unyong Jiang, Chen Jiang, Xingyu Kang, Jiheong Karnaushenko, Daniil Khademhosseini, Ali Kim, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Il-Doo Kireev, Dmitry Kong, Lingxuan Lee, Chengkuo Lee, Nae-Eung Lee, Pooi See Lee, Tae-Woo Li, Fengyu Li, Jinxing Liang, Cuiyuan Lim, Chwee Teck Lin, Yuanjing Lipomi, Darren J. Liu, Jia Liu, Kai Liu, Nan Liu, Ren Liu, Yuxin Liu, Yuxuan Liu, Zhiyuan Liu, Zhuangjian Loh, Xian Jun Lu, Nanshu Lv, Zhisheng Magdassi, Shlomo Malliaras, George G. Matsuhisa, Naoji Nathan, Arokia Niu, Simiao Pan, Jieming Pang, Changhyun Pei, Qibing Peng, Huisheng Qi, Dianpeng Ren, Huaying Rogers, John A. Rowe, Aaron Schmidt, Oliver G. Sekitani, Tsuyoshi Seo, Dae-Gyo Shen, Guozhen Sheng, Xing Shi, Qiongfeng Someya, Takao Song, Yanlin Stavrinidou, Eleni Su, Meng Sun, Xuemei Takei, Kuniharu Tao, Xiao-Ming Tee, Benjamin C. K. Thean, Aaron Voon-Yew Trung, Tran Quang Wan, Changjin Wang, Huiliang Wang, Joseph Wang, Ming Wang, Sihong Wang, Ting Wang, Zhong Lin Weiss, Paul S. Wen, Hanqi Xu, Sheng Xu, Tailin Yan, Hongping Yan, Xuzhou Yang, Hui Yang, Le Yang, Shuaijian Yin, Lan Yu, Cunjiang Yu, Guihua Yu, Jing Yu, Shu-Hong Yu, Xinge Zamburg, Evgeny Zhang, Haixia Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiaosheng Zhang, Xueji Zhang, Yihui Zhang, Yu Zhao, Siyuan Zhao, Xuanhe Zheng, Yuanjin Zheng, Yu-Qing Zheng, Zijian Zhou, Tao Zhu, Bowen Zhu, Ming Zhu, Rong Zhu, Yangzhi Zhu, Yong Zou, Guijin Chen, Xiaodong 08-03 Innovis Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX) School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston Texas 77024 United States School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 United States Microelectronics Research Center The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78758 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States Colloid Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces 14476 Potsdam Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 United States Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Campus Norrköping Linköping University 83 Linköping Sweden Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE) and Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC) SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94301 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637457 Singapore Nanobionics Group Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton Australia 3800 Monash

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze continued...challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative

关键词： soft materials mechanics engineering flexible electronics conformable sensors bioelectronics human-machine interfaces body area sensor networks technology translation sustainable electronics

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White rice stem borer pest detection system using image-based convolution neural network

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Procedia computer science 2024年 245卷 518-527页

作者： Akhmad Saufi Suharjito Computer Science Department BINUS Online Learning Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Industrial Engineering Department BINUS Graduate Program – Master of Industrial Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

Preventing agricultural resource loss caused by pests remains a crucial issue. While technological advancements are being achieved, the current agricultural management methods and equipment have yet to meet the required level for precise pest control, a huge portion of the pest population analysis process is still conducted manually. As a solution to this issue, the development of a White Rice Stem Borer pest detection system has been conducted by applying Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) technology to calculate the pest population count at the research location. This system has been specifically designed to detect the White Rice Stem Borer using available traps. The method involves training data from a direct dataset obtained from the field, categorized into two positive and negative classes of the White Stem Borer pests. Six models have been trained from this dataset, utilizing two different architectures. Out of the six trained models, four showed potential overfitting, one exhibited underfitting, and one model demonstrated optimal results. The highest accuracy in image detection achieved by the most optimal CNN model was 97.35%, with a training accuracy of 98.54%. This best-performing model utilized an architecture with three Convolution layers, 50 Epochs, and an automatic data split with an 80:20 training-validation data ratio. From the research findings, it is concluded that this study can assist in automatically analyzing the quantity of White Stem Borer pests in a specific area without directly counting the number of pests from existing traps. However, the study still encounters a limitation—the detection process still requires substantial server resources and cannot be directly processed on the Raspberry PI device installed in the trap. Consequently, the detection relies on transmitting image data from the field device to the server before the detection process can occur.

关键词： White Rice Stem Borer Stem Borer White Stem Borer Detection Pest Detection Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

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An Overview of Facial Micro-Expression Analysis: Data, Methodology and Challenge

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IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 2023年第3期14卷 1857-1875页

作者： Xie, Hong-Xia Lo, Ling Shuai, Hong-Han Cheng, Wen-Huang National Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univresity Institute of Electronics Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univresity Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Chung Hsing University Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Program Taichung40227 Taiwan

Facial micro-expressions indicate brief and subtle facial movements that appear during emotional communication. In comparison to macro-expressions, micro-expressions are more challenging to be analyzed due to the short span of time and the fine-grained changes. In recent years, micro-expression recognition (MER) has drawn much attention because it can benefit a wide range of applications, e.g., police interrogation, clinical diagnosis, depression analysis, and business negotiation. In this survey, we offer a fresh overview to discuss new research directions and challenges these days for MER tasks. For example, we review MER approaches from three novel aspects: macro-to-micro adaptation, recognition based on key apex frames, and recognition based on facial action units. Moreover, to mitigate the problem of limited and biased ME data, synthetic data generation is surveyed for the diversity enrichment of micro-expression data. Since micro-expression spotting can boost micro-expression analysis, the state-of-the-art spotting works are also introduced in this paper. At last, we discuss the challenges in MER research and provide potential solutions as well as possible directions for further investigation. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Surveys

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NFT-Based Hydroponic Automated Control Using Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System 2

NFT-Based Hydroponic Automated Control Using Adaptive Networ...

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2nd International Conference on Robotics, Automation and Artificial Intelligence, RAAI 2022

作者： Surantha, Nico Vincentdo, Vito Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program - Computer Science Jakarta11480 Indonesia Tokyo City University Faculty of Scienc and Engineering Department of Electrical Electronics and Communication Engineering Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665459440

The rapid population growth and industrial development in developing countries harm the agricultural sector because many agricultural lands are converted into residential or industrial areas. Applying modern agriculture technologies such as hydroponic could help to overcome the problem. However, hydroponics requires special attention in adjusting the pH and nutrient levels to maximize plant growth, so an automated system is needed to manage the process. In this research, a smart hydroponic system is proposed by applying Adaptive Networkbased Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Internet-of-Things. The IoT system consists of sensor, actuator, and data processing layer is designed to monitor and control the condition of pH and nutrition of the observed plants. Then, the ANFIS algorithm is designed to control the level of pH and nutrition. The experiment results show that the system can automatically adjust the pH and nutrient levels to the expected range for growing plants, and the fuzzy controller made using ANFIS are more accurate and stable than the fuzzy controller made using Sugeno. This study shows that ANFIS has excellent performance when controlling multiple actuators, as long as the data set has great granularity and well defined. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Hydroponics

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The applied principles of EEG analysis methods in neuroscience and clinical neurology

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Military Medical Research 2024年第6期11卷 907-941页

作者： Hao Zhang Qing-Qi Zhou He Chen Xiao-Qing Hu Wei-Guang Li Yang Bai Jun-Xia Han Yao Wang Zhen-Hu Liang Dan Chen Feng-Yu Cong Jia-Qing Yan Xiao-Li Li School of Systems Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China College of Electrical and Control Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100041China School of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China Department of Psychology the State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciencesthe University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation Shenzhen 518057GuangdongChina Department of Health Technology and Informatics the Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine the First Afliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006China Rehabilitation Medicine Clinical Research Center of Jiangxi Province Nanchang 330006China Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition School of PsychologyCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China School of Communication Science Beijing Language and Culture UniversityBeijing 100083China Institute of Electrical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina School of Computer Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116081LiaoningChina Guangdong Artifcial Intelligence and Digital Economy Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 510335China.

Electroencephalography(EEG)is a non-invasive measurement method for brain *** to its safety,high resolution,and hypersensitivity to dynamic changes in brain neural signals,EEG has aroused much interest in scientific research and medical *** article reviews the types of EEG signals,multiple EEG signal analysis methods,and the application of relevant methods in the neuroscience feld and for diagnosing neurological ***,3 types of EEG signals,including time-invariant EEG,accurate event-related EEG,and random event-related EEG,are ***,5 main directions for the methods of EEG analysis,including power spectrum analysis,time-frequency analysis,connectivity analysis,source localization methods,and machine learning methods,are described in the main section,along with diferent sub-methods and effect evaluations for solving the same ***,the application scenarios of different EEG analysis methods are emphasized,and the advantages and disadvantages of similar methods are *** article is expected to assist researchers in selecting suitable EEG analysis methods based on their research objectives,provide references for subsequent research,and summarize current issues and prospects for the future.

关键词： Electroencephalogram analysis methods Applied principles Neuroscience Diagnosis Neurological diseases

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Expanding the Surgical Robotics Community: An Intuitive Sim-to-Real Control Framework for Raven-II with a Budget-Friendly Gamepad Controller

Expanding the Surgical Robotics Community: An Intuitive Sim-...

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International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR)

作者： Mai Bui Natalie Chalfant Cuiling Sun Sean Fabrega Haonan Peng Kevin Huang Yun-Hsuan Su Department of Computer Science Mount Holyoke College South Hadley MA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA Picker Engineering Program Smith College Northampton MA

ISBN: (数字)9798350377118

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377125

This paper proposes a low-cost interface and refined digital twin for the Raven-II surgical robot. Previous simulations of the Raven-II, e.g. via the Asynchronous Multibody Framework (AMBF), presented salient drawbacks, including control inputs inconsistent with Raven-II software, and lack of stable, high-fidelity physical contact simulations. This work bridges both of these gaps, both (1) enabling robust, simulated contact mechanics for dynamic physical interactions with the Raven-II, and (2) developing a universal input format for both simulated and physical platforms. The method furthermore proposes a low cost, commodity game-controller interface for controlling both virtual and real realizations of Raven-II, thus greatly reducing the barrier to access for Raven-II research and collaboration. Overall, this work aims to eliminate the inconsistencies between simulated and real representations of the Raven-II. Such a development can expand the reach of surgical robotics research. Namely, providing end-to-end transparency between the simulated AMBF and physical Raven-II platforms enables a software testbed previously unavailable, e.g. for training real surgeons, for creating digital synthetic datasets, or for prototyping novel architectures like shared control strategies. Experiments validate this transparency by comparing joint trajectories between digital twin and physical testbed given identical inputs. This work may be extended and incorporated into recent efforts in developing modular or common software infrastructures for both simulation and control of real robotic devices, such as the Collaborative Robotics Toolkit (CRTK).

关键词： Training Medical robotics Costs Collaboration Surgery computer architecture Software

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Diabetes Classification Using Support Vector Machine: Binary Classification Model 4

Diabetes Classification Using Support Vector Machine: Binary...

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4th International Conference on Information and Communications Technology, ICOIACT 2021

作者： Rabiha, Suciana Ghadati Wibowo, Antoni Lukas Heryadi, Yaya Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program-Doctor of Computer Science. Information Systems Department BINUS Online Learning Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program-Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University 11480 Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University 11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665433945

One of the health problems that require special attention is diabetes, besides the growth of this disease infection is increasing in various circles ranging from children, adults, men, women and the elderly. So to detect diabetes at an early stage, machine learning algorithms are the right choice to help detect indications of diabetes. This paper presents experimental results related to the exploration of the use of a Super Vector Machine (SVM) for data classification of Diabetes. The model used in this experiment is the Binary Classification Model. Based on the test results, the highest accuracy is obtained by using a total of 700 lines of data, which is 75,7143%. The Best estimated feasible point in Box Constraint is 272.29 with a KernelScale area of 72.627. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Face recognition

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