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DD-SPP: Dynamic and Distributed Service Placement Policy for Optimal Scheduling in Fog-Edge Computing

SN computer science 2024年第7期5卷 801页

作者： Kaur, Navjeet Bhardwaj, Vivek Department of Computer Science and Engineering Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University School of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal University Jaipur

The existing cloud model unable to handle abundant amount of Internet of Things (IoT) services placed by the end users due to its far distant location from end user and centralized nature. The edge and fog computing are the latest technologies for developing smart cities that are becoming popular to efficiently support latency-sensitive IoT application services. But these advanced technologies suffer from limited size and computation capabilities;therefore, optimal placement of services among available resources is an open issue. Therefore, the proposed work target the stated issue and presents a Dynamic and Distributed Service Placement Policy (DD-SPP) considering the edge and fog devices. The model is divided into three main phases, that is, the Service Type Estimator (STE), the Service Dependency Estimator & Resolution (SDER), and Resource Demand Estimator & Scheduling (RDES). STE and RDES modules depend on each other to perform optimal service placement. The results of the implementation showed satisfactory improvement with respect to present state-of-the-art policy where delay is improved by around 41%, energy is improved by 27%, response time by 28% and overall cost by 28%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Cloud computing DD-SPP Edge computing Fog computing IoT Scheduling Service placement policy

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Chaos Theory Based Gravitational Search Algorithm For Medical Image Segmentation 27th

Chaos Theory Based Gravitational Search Algorithm For Medica...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Rather, Sajad Ahmad Roy, Partha Pratim Das, Sujit Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee247667 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Telangana506004 India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781032

Multilevel thresholding plays a crucial role in image processing, with extensive applications in object detection, machine vision, medical imaging, and traffic control systems. It entails the partitioning of an image into distinct regions based on optimal pixel values. However, as the number of threshold levels increases, so does the computational cost for segmentation. To address this challenge, a novel method is proposed namely Chaos theory based Gravitational Search Algorithm (CGSA) for multilevel thresholding. CGSA combines the standard Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) for exploration with chaotic maps for exploitation of the complex pixel problem space. In this study, Kapur’s entropy method is utilized to segment sample images into various partitions based on optimal pixel values. The effectiveness of CGSA in real-world scenarios is evaluated using COVID-19 chest CT scan imaging datasets from Kaggle database. The quality, symmetry, and consistency of the segmented output are assessed using metrics like Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM), and Feature Similarity Index Measure (FSIM). Qualitative analysis includes convergence curves, segmented graphs, colormap images, and box plots. Statistical validation is conducted using the signed Wilcoxon rank sum test. Additionally, a comparison is made between CGSA’s performance and that of eight state-of-the-art heuristic algorithms. The findings demonstrate the superior performance of CGSA, evidenced by its reduced computational time and enhanced image quality metrics values. Specifically, CGSA achieved SSIM of 0.81, FSIM of 0.82, and PSNR of 24.27, surpassing the performance of other competitive algorithms. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Evaluation of Hybrid Encryption Method to Secure Healthcare Data 3rd

Evaluation of Hybrid Encryption Method to Secure Healthcare ...

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3rd International Conference on Machine Vision and Augmented Intelligence, MAI 2023

作者： Das, Sangjukta Singh, Maheshwari Prasad Namasudra, Suyel Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna Bihar India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Agartala Agartala India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819743582

Technological advancements have brought a new era of growth for the healthcare industry. Nowadays, the security of healthcare data and the preservation of user privacy inside smart healthcare systems are being severely compromised by cyber attackers. This work introduces an encryption method that makes use of a hybrid encryption approach by combining both asymmetric and symmetric encryption methods to improve healthcare data security. This scheme solves the key escrow problem and its effectiveness is analyzed through performance evaluations. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Electronic health record

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An approach to on-stream DDoS blitz detection using machine learning algorithms

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 80卷 3492-3499页

作者： Manjula, H.T. Neha Mangla Atria Institute Of Technology Bengaluru India Department Of Computer Science & Engineering CMRIT Bengaluru India Department of Information Science & Engineering Atria Institute of Technology Bengaluru India

Distributed Denial of service (DDoS) attacks is an enormous threat to today's cyber world, cyber networks are compromised by the attackers to distribute attacks in a large volume by denying the service to legitimate users. The toughest and challenging task in today's network and network security engineers is to identify compromised traffic (attacked) and legitimate (normal) traffic. The main goal of the paper is to detect DDos attacks using classification algorithms. To achieve the goal the proposed system uses attacking tool to initiate attacks using Loic attacking tool with the data set extracted from open source tool Wireshark and transferring the dataset to apache Spark for detection analysis. The system also uses Apache spark machine learning algorithms (MLib), classification algorithms to classify the dataset. We use Naive Bayes, KNN and Random forest classification algorithms to classify normal traffic and attacked traffic. Our system is capable of detecting attacks with respect to any traffic protocols ICMP, TCP, or UDP. The accuracy of detection is compared on three classification algorithms and noted that random forest gives the accuracy of 96.75%. © 2021

关键词： Denial-of-service attack

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Survey on DL - Driven Multi-Modal Data in Cardiovascular Disease Prediction 2

Survey on DL - Driven Multi-Modal Data in Cardiovascular Dis...

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2nd International Conference on Machine Learning and Autonomous Systems, ICMLAS 2025

作者： Gawande, Namrata Goyal, Dinesh Sankhla, Kriti Poornima University Department of Computer Science & Engineering Jaipur India Poornima Institute of Engineering & Technology Department of Computer Science & Engineering Jaipur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505745

One of the primary reasons of illness and mortality across the world is cardiovascular disease (CVD), for the timely detection of which the need for accurate detection methods persists. The last years have seen the development of cutting aged multimodal machine learning methods to enhance diagnosis accuracy that consider multiple types of data. In such scenarios, Phonocardiogram (PCG) signals and Electrocardiogram (ECG) images form integrated data. This review presents the summary of recent research works published on heart abnormality detection models based on a multimodal dataset by combining PCG and ECG data. The PCG signals capture acoustic heart information, including murmurs and other mechanical abnormalities, while ECG images documentation of the heart's electrical functions, aiding in the identification of arrhythmias and other rhythm-related issues. We delve into the various deep learning architectures used in implementing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), and process of attention in a complementary way to extract and combine features within these modalities. Building on the insights gained from existing literature in heart abnormality detection using multimodal datasets, we suggest a hybrid deep learning model that effectively integrates ECG pictures and PCG signals. This approach leverages the complementary nature of the two modalities to enhance detection accuracy and reliability. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Electrocardiography

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Chi-Square Target Encoding for Categorical Data Representation: A Real-World Sensor Data Case Study

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SN computer science 2025年第3期6卷 1-22页

作者： Anitha, M. Savarimuthu, Nickolas Bhanu, S. Mary Saira Department of Computer Applications National Institute of Technology Trichy India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Trichy India

Feature engineering is critical for improving machine learning performance (ML), especially when handling categorical data. Traditional encoding methods, such as one-hot and label encoding, often result in challenges like high dimensionality and loss of category significance. To address these limitations, this study introduces a novel Chi-Square Target Encoding (CSTE) approach, which transforms categorical variables into numerical representations by leveraging the chi-square statistic to evaluate the association between categories and the target variable, preserving information effectively. Unlike conventional techniques, CSTE uses Chi-square test values to generate target-based encoded representations, ensuring reliable transformation without information loss. Comprehensive empirical evaluations were conducted on various datasets for binary classification, showcasing CSTE’s superiority over methods like regularized target encoding, basic target encoding, and fuzzification. A case study on real-world sensor data further validated its efficiency and scalability for large-scale data-driven applications. The proposed CSTE method achieved an average increment rate of 3.9447%, surpassing one-hot and fuzzification (1.0430%) and regularized target encoding (1.8308%). Classification outcomes demonstrated F1-scores exceeding 0.90 and AUC values nearing 0.99 across diverse datasets, highlighting its robustness. Furthermore, the reduced dimensionality significantly enhanced inference time while maintaining high accuracy. The CSTE method offers a robust framework for categorical data transformation, addressing limitations of traditional encoding techniques. It improves the interpretability and efficiency of categorical data representation, boosting ML performance. This innovative approach is well-suited for applications across various domains involving categorical data. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Categorical data encoding Chi- Square statistics Data distribution preservation Feature engineering Machine learning Target encoding

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Blockchain Integration in Emergency Medical Transportation: Advancing Security and Coordination for Critical Care Scenarios 5th

Blockchain Integration in Emergency Medical Transportation: ...

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5th Doctoral Symposium on Computational Intelligence, DoSCI 2024

作者： Rawat, Abhishek Suryavanshi, Raghuraj Singh Nagar, Vishal Yadav, Divakar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology Uttar Pradesh Kanpur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Institute of Engineering and Technology Uttar Pradesh Lucknow India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819771776

Blockchains improve safety and faster teamwork for emergency medical transport in critical care. Emergency medical transport is not the only healthcare sector that has become better and different because of current blockchains. This report also illustrates how blockchains can alter the safety, integrity, and effectiveness of emergency medical transport operations, including a wide-ranging examination of these technologies’ consequences on the healthcare sector. Traditional Emergency Medical Transportation Systems face different challenges, and this paper provides a framework for a complete understanding of the possible benefits and creative solutions that Blockchain offers to the healthcare industry. This paper has given a compelling business example for applying Blockchain to enhance Emergency Medical Transportation. It gives valuable perspectives on smart steps that can be used to improve care and well-being and streamline pool offerings and a feasibility rate that could help to create an effective outcome for Emergency Medical Transport Services with the usage of Blockchain. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Blockchain Healthcare industry Medical Data History Transportation

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Artificial intelligence-inspired comprehensive framework for desertification prediction

International Journal of Cognitive Computing in Engineering

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International Journal of Cognitive Computing in engineering 2025年 6卷 462-476页

作者： Alsubai, Shtwai Mosleh, Mogeeb A.A. Al-Hadhrami, Suheer A. Bhatia, Munish College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering & Computing University of Science & Technology Aden Yemen Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Taiz Univeristy Taiz Yemen Department of Computer Engineering College of Engineering Al Mukalla Hadhramout Yemen Department of Computer Applications National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra India

Desertification greatly affects land deterioration, farming efficiency, economic growth, and health, especially in Gulf nations. Climate change has worsened desertification, making developmental issues in the area even more difficult. This research presents an enhanced framework utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT) for ongoing monitoring, data gathering, and analysis to evaluate desertification patterns. The framework utilizes Bayesian Belief Networks (BBN) to categorize IoT data, while a low-latency processing method on edge computing platforms enables effective detection of desertification trends. The classified data is subsequently analyzed using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) optimized with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) for forecasting decisions. Using cloud computing infrastructure, the ANN-GA model examines intricate data connections to forecast desertification risk elements. Moreover, the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model is employed to predict desertification over varied time intervals. Experimental simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the suggested framework, attaining enhanced performance in essential metrics: Temporal Delay (103.68 s), Classification Efficacy—Sensitivity (96.44 %), Precision (95.56 %), Specificity (96.97 %), and F-Measure (96.69 %)—Predictive Efficiency—Accuracy (97.76 %) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (1.95 %)—along with Reliability (93.73 %) and Stability (75 %). The results of classification effectiveness and prediction performance emphasize the framework's ability to detect high-risk zones and predict the severity of desertification. This innovative method improves the comprehension of desertification processes and encourages sustainable land management practices, reducing the socio-economic impacts of desertification and bolstering at-risk ecosystems. The results of the study hold considerable importance for enhancing regional efforts in combating desertification, ensuring food security, and formulatin

关键词： Life on land Climate action Desertification Internet of things Artificial neural network

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Features enhancement of micro-service based cab booking system using block-chain 4th

Features enhancement of micro-service based cab booking syst...

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4th International Conference on Computational Methods in science and technology, ICCMST 2024

作者： Rohit Singh, Neelaksh Shukla, Riya Singh, Ashutosh Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Institute of Engineering and Rural Technology Prayagraj India Department of Computer Science and Engineering United College of Engineering and Research Prayagraj India

ISBN: (纸本)9781032911571

Cab booking services help people order taxis. Existing cab booking services use client server-based architecture. The paper gives a study of the architecture and workings of the Uber cab booking website (Dissanayake, March 18, 2021). It has a micro-service based architecture (Li et al. 2021). Load balancing (Al-Jaroodi et al. 2012) and stream processing (Besnard et al. 2013) are used to handle a large number of requests. The workload is divided among servers using Dispatch Optimization (Abid et al. 2022). It ensures fast responses, easy connection minimal downtime, and efficient use of resources. However, the use of servers increases the cost of service. Rider and driver depend on the server to connect. They don’t know if the system is charging them fairly. It reduces transparency and trust. The paper proposes a blockchain-based cab booking application to solve some of the problems. Trust, transparency, and decentralization can be ensured using blockchain. Transparent and immutable ledgers of blockchain ensure trust and reduce reliance on intermediaries. Smart contracts govern ride management, optimizing efficiency. Blockchain capabilities are used to ensure fair rides, direct interaction of passengers with drivers, and automated payments. The proposed system aims at combining existing technology with blockchain solution to ensure security and transparency along with scalability and quick response time. © 2025 the Author(s).

关键词： Reservation systems

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Real-Time Challenges and Opportunities for an Effective Resource Management in Multi-cloud Environment

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SN computer science 2024年第2期5卷 1-8页

作者： Basha, H. Anwar Anilkumar, B.H. Swetha, G. Reddy, Raghavendra Manoli, Sunil Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology Tamilnadu Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering Mysuru India R R Institute of Technology Bengaluru India School of Computer Science and Engineering REVA University Bengaluru India

As the usage of multi-cloud setups grows, resource management will become a major concern. Because of the dynamic nature of these environments, as well as fluctuating workloads and service-level targets, an effective algorithm for real-time resource allocation and optimisation is required. The Adaptive Multi-Cloud Resource Management Algorithm (AMCRMA) is proposed in this study to handle the obstacles and capitalise on the benefits of resource management in a multi-cloud context. To ensure optimal resource utilisation, cost effectiveness, and service performance, AMCRMA incorporates real-time monitoring, workload prediction, and intelligent resource allocation. Experiment results show that AMCRMA is successful in adapting to changing situations and managing resources in real time, resulting in enhanced resource utilisation and overall performance in multi-cloud systems. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： AMCRMA Cloud federation Cloud orchestration Data management Intelligent resource allocation Resource management

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