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FOD-YOLO NET: Fasteners fault and object detection in railway tracks using deep yolo network1

Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2024年第4期46卷 8123-8137页

作者： Brintha, K. Jawhar, S. Joseph Department of Computer Science and Engineering Arunachala College of Engineering for Women Manavilai Tamil Nadu Nagercoil India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Arunachala College of Engineering for Women Manavilai Tamil Nadu Nagercoil India

Automated railway security systems prevent train collisions with trackside obstructions that cause accidents in high-speed railways. Rail safety is being improved and accident rates reduced through continuous research. A rapid advancement in deep learning has promoted new possibilities for research in this field. In this work, a novel deep learning-based FOD-YOLO net is proposed for detecting the fasteners faults and objects in the railway tracks. There are two basic components in the deep learning-based YOLOv8: the backbone and the head. YOLOv8 utilizes an improved version of the CSPDarknet53 network for detecting objects on the railway track. The head of YOLOv8 consists of EfficientNet with various convolutional layers with squeeze and excitation blocks for detecting any defect in the track fasteners. These layers are liable for detecting the objectness scores, bounding boxes and class probabilities structured with fully connected layers for the objects and faults in tracks. Based on the results from the Yolo network, the alert message is sent to the loco pilot to avoid accidents using fuzzy logic. The experimental fallouts of proposed FOD-YOLO net achieve higher accuracy and yields better evaluation results with 98.14% accuracy, 98.84% precision and 95.94% recall. From the experimental results, the FOD-YOLO net improves the overall accuracy range by 5.44%, 4.72%, 0.73%, and 13.18% better than Fast RCNN, YOLOv5s-VF, YOLO-GD, and 2D-SSA + Deep network respectively. © 2024 – IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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Deep ensemble model for skin cancer classification with improved feature set

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第10期84卷 7599-7626页

作者： Burada, Sreedhar Manjunathswamy, B.E. Kumar, M. Sunil Department of Computer Science and Engineering Don Bosco Institute of Technology Karnataka Bengaluru560074 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Computing Mohan Babu University Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College Andhra Pradesh Tirupati517102 India

Early identification of skin cancer is mandatory to minimize the worldwide death rate as this disease is covering more than 30% of mortality rates in young and adults. Researchers are in the move of proposing advanced models for the accurate classification of skin disease. This paper introduces a novel skin cancer detection model under the stages of preprocessing, feature extraction, classification as well as segmentation. The given input is first preprocessed via Gaussian filtering. Subsequently, the Deep learning model termed as ‘U-net’ is used for the segmentation process. Afterward, the extraction of the feature set including features like Improved Center symmetric Local Binary Pattern (ICS-LBP), Local Gradient Pattern (LGP), Median binary pattern (MBP) is performed. Classification takes place using Deep Ensemble Model based on the extracted features, that includes BiGRU, Deep Maxout, and Improved Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), respectively. Also, as the hyperparameter tuning of the classification model enhances the performance, this work introduces a new Hybrid Atom and Arithmetic Operation Algorithm (HAAOA) algorithm for tuning the optimal weights of the Bi-GRU (Bi-directional Gated Recurrent Unit) and Deep Maxout model. At last, the validation of the proposed work is performed through different performance measures by comparing it with different algorithms. Accordingly, accuracy of the adopted method at 90th learning percentage is 93.56%, which is (~) 82.63%, 85.15%, 84.98%, 83.66% and 83.42% better than AOA, ASO, BWO, BMO and DO, respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Feature extraction

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第9期5卷 4354-4363页

作者： Roy, Ayush Mohiuddin, S.K. Sarkar, Ram Jadavpur University Department of Electrical Engineering Kolkata700032 India Asutosh College Department of Computer Science Kolkata700026 India Jadavpur University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kolkata700032 India

The process of modifying digital images has been made significantly easier by the availability of several image editing software. However, in a variety of contexts, including journalism, judicial processes, and historical documentation, the authenticity of images is of utmost importance. In particular, copy-move forgery is a distinct type of image manipulation, where a portion of an image is copied and pasted into another area of the same image, creating a fictitious or altered version of the original. In this research, we present a lightweight MultiResUnet architecture with the similarity-based positional attention module (SPAM) attention module for copy-move forgery detection (CMFD). By using a similarity measure across the patches of the features, this attention module identifies the patches, where a forged region is present. The lightweight network also aids in resource-efficient training and transforms the model into one that can be used in real time. We have employed four commonly used but extremely difficult CMFD datasets, namely CoMoFoD, COVERAGE, CASIA v2, and MICC-F600, to assess the effectiveness of our model. The proposed model significantly lowers false positives, thereby improving the pixel-level accuracy and dependability of CMFD tools. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Real time systems

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Fuzzy conceptualization of the search queries

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年第2期16卷 957-965页

作者： Sijin, P. Champa, H.N. Department of Computer Science and Engineering University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering Bangalore India

Deciding the context of the search query based on its representation over a concept network using fuzzy methods provides a better thrust to the overall search process. The existing context based search diversification methods emphasize the importance of the numerical representation of the query over a data repository and derive a query peace which is conceptually measured. The search operation can use these semantically meaningful segments as a confident segment in the conceptual network. The proposed Fuzzy Conceptual Search Model (FCM) derives a query string which is contextually measured by means of valid segmentation, Pairwise Type Detection and concept labeling on its Concept Network. The approach measures the semantic coherence among segments in the search query and prepares a valid query piece. The Maximal Clique Cycle Count (MCCC) algorithm is used in valid segmentation process. The novel randomized MCCC algorithm improved the quality of query segmentation process and considered shared segments and conceptual ring count to improvise the efficiency of the search. The segmented query paths are processed with proper instances to pinpoint the context of the search at an earlier phase. The instance ambiguity is removed by conducting a threshold pair wise modeling of typed terms followed by a weighted voting approach called Concept labeling. The proposed FCM shows good results in terms of precision for both query and tweet data sets with varying impact lexical feature indication values. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s);author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

关键词： Concept labeling Concept network Conceptual ring Maximal clique Singleton score

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Adaptive Cyber Defense Technique Based on Multiagent Reinforcement Learning Strategies

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第6期36卷 2757-2771页

作者： Adel Alshamrani Abdullah Alshahrani Department of Cybersecurity College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia

The static nature of cyber defense systems gives attackers a sufficient amount of time to explore and further exploit the vulnerabilities of information technology *** this paper,we investigate a problem where multiagent sys-tems sensing and acting in an environment contribute to adaptive cyber *** present a learning strategy that enables multiple agents to learn optimal poli-cies using multiagent reinforcement learning(MARL).Our proposed approach is inspired by the multiarmed bandits(MAB)learning technique for multiple agents to cooperate in decision making or to work *** study a MAB approach in which defenders visit a system multiple times in an alternating fash-ion to maximize their rewards and protect their *** find that this game can be modeled from an individual player’s perspective as a restless MAB *** discover further results when the MAB takes the form of a pure birth process,such as a myopic optimal policy,as well as providing environments that offer the necessary incentives required for cooperation in multiplayer projects.

关键词： Multiarmed bandits reinforcement learning multiagents intrusion detection systems

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An Attention-Based CNN Framework for Alzheimer’s Disease Staging with Multi-Technique XAI Visualization

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 2947-2969页

作者： Mustafa Lateef Fadhil Jumaili Emrullah Sonuç Department of Computer Engineering Karabuk UniversityKarabük78050Türkiye Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and MathematicsTikrit UniversityTikrit34001Iraq

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a significant challenge in modern healthcare,with early detection and accurate staging remaining critical priorities for effective *** Deep Learning(DL)approaches have shown promise in AD diagnosis,existing methods often struggle with the issues of precision,interpretability,and class *** study presents a novel framework that integrates DL with several eXplainable Artificial Intelligence(XAI)techniques,in particular attention mechanisms,Gradient-Weighted Class Activation Mapping(Grad-CAM),and Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations(LIME),to improve bothmodel interpretability and feature *** study evaluates four different DL architectures(ResMLP,VGG16,Xception,and Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)with attention mechanism)on a balanced dataset of 3714 MRI brain scans from patients aged 70 and *** proposed CNN with attention model achieved superior performance,demonstrating 99.18%accuracy on the primary dataset and 96.64% accuracy on the ADNI dataset,significantly advancing the state-of-the-art in AD *** ability of the framework to provide comprehensive,interpretable results through multiple visualization techniques while maintaining high classification accuracy represents a significant advancement in the computational diagnosis of AD,potentially enabling more accurate and earlier intervention in clinical settings.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease deep learning early disease detection XAI medical image classification

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RSSI-Based 3D Wireless Sensor Node Localization Using Hybrid T Cell Immune and Lotus Optimization

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第12期81卷 4833-4851页

作者： Weiwei Hu Kiran Sree Pokkuluri Rajesh Arunachalam Bander A.Jabr Yasser A.Ali Preethi Palanisamy School of Information Engineering Technology&MediaUniversity of HenanKaifeng475004China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shri Vishnu Engineering College forWomenBhimavaram534202Andhra PradheshIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesThandalam602105ChennaiIndia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesThandalam602105ChennaiIndia

Wireless Sensor Network(WSNs)consists of a group of nodes that analyze the information from surrounding *** sensor nodes are responsible for accumulating and exchanging ***,node local-ization is the process of identifying the target node’s *** this research work,a Received Signal Strength Indicator(RSSI)-based optimal node localization approach is proposed to solve the complexities in the conventional node localization ***,the RSSI value is identified using the Deep Neural Network(DNN).The RSSI is conceded as the range-based method and it does not require special hardware for the node localization process,also it consumes a very minimal amount of cost for localizing the nodes in 3D *** position of the anchor nodes is fixed for detecting the location of the ***,the optimal position of the target node is identified using Hybrid T cell Immune with Lotus Effect Optimization algorithm(HTCI-LEO).During the node localization process,the average localization error is minimized,which is the objective of the optimal node *** the regular and irregular surfaces,this hybrid algorithm effectively performs the localization *** suggested hybrid algorithm converges very fast in the three-dimensional(3D)*** accuracy of the proposed node localization process is 94.25%.

关键词： Sensor node localization received signal strength indicator 3D wireless sensor network deep neural network average localization error and hybrid T cell immune with lotus effect optimization algorithm

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Efficient COVID-19 Prediction by Merging Various Deep Learning Architectures

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2024年第5期48卷 55-62页

作者： Oraibi, Zakariya A. Albasri, Safaa Department of Computer Science College of Education for Pure Sciences University of Basrah Basrah Iraq Electrical Engineering Department College of Engineering Mustansiriyah University Baghdad Iraq

In late 2019, COVID-19 virus emerged as a dangerous disease that led to millions of fatalities and changed how human beings interact with each other and forced people to wear masks with mandatory lockdown. The ability to diagnose and detect this novel disease can help in isolating the infected patients and curb the spread of the virus. Artificial intelligence techniques including machine learning and deep learning showed huge potential in accurately classifying COVID-19 chest X-ray images. In this paper, we propose to combine the feature maps of multiple powerful CNN models (Xception, VGG-16, VGG-19) using the rule of sum. Each of these models is trained from scratch and tested on the given test images. The dataset was collected from a large public repository of COVID images with three classes: COVID, Normal, and Pneumonia. During experiments, data augmentation is also applied to provide more training samples. Experimental results show that combining multiple models improve the classification accuracy and achieve better performance than standalone models. An accuracy of 97.91% was achieved using a combination of three models which outperforms state-of-the-art techniques. © 2024 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coronavirus

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RagaMoodSync: a deep learning framework for Hindustani Raga recommendations driven by facial emotions

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年 1-14页

作者： Pingle, Yogesh Prabhakar Ragha, Lakshmappa K. Department of Computer Engineering Terna Engineering College University of Mumbai Maharashtra Mumbai India Department of Computer Science & Engineering (Data Science) Vidyavardhini’s College of Engineering & Technology University of Mumbai Maharashtra Mumbai India

RagaMoodSync presents an innovative framework for personalized music therapy through Hindustani Raga recommendations based on facial emotion recognition. Utilizing a Fusion-DenseNet (FusDenseNet) architecture with advanced multi-pooling for emotion detection, the system achieves high precision in identifying user moods. Integrated with a Focus Deep Collaborative Filtering (FDCF) recommendation system, RagaMoodSync delivers tailored raga suggestions that address emotional well-being and stress management. Validated with the FER2013 dataset, the framework demonstrates superior performance over existing approaches. By merging AI-driven emotion recognition with the therapeutic potential of Indian classical music, this system pioneers a novel intersection of technology and mental health care, offering a promising pathway for non-invasive emotional healing solutions. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2025.

关键词： Focus Deep Collaborative Filtering FusDenseNet RagaMoodSync

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An Upgraded Approach for Identifying Partially Reduplicated Forms in Bengali Text

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SN computer science 2024年第7期5卷 892页

作者： Barman, Abhijit Saha, Diganta Pal, Alok Ranjan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata 700032 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering and Management Kolaghat 721171 India

This paper presents a concise methodology for the detection of partially reduplicated Multi-Word Expressions (MWEs) in Bengali texts. The entire process of identifying such reduplicated forms is carried out in two distinct phases, each contributing to the accuracy and effectiveness of the overall approach. In the first phase, a Levenshtein distance based algorithm is employed to identify partial reduplicated forms within Bengali text. This algorithm assesses the similarity between words and determines whether a partially reduplicated structure exists, thereby flagging relevant instances of reduplicated forms. Moving to the second phase, the performance of the first phase is enhanced through the application of a noble technique known as Word Expansion. By doing so, the performance of the reduplication identification process are significantly improved, leading to more accurate results. Evaluation metrics include Precision (90.00%), Recall (85.71%), and F1-Score (87.80%). These high scores underscore the system’s capability to successfully identify and categorize partially reduplicated MWEs within Bengali text. Moreover, the performance metrics also demonstrate that this approach surpasses the current state-of-the-art methods for identifying reduplicated expressions in Bengali text, reaffirming its efficacy and relevance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Bi-gram Levenshtein distance Multi-word expression (MWE) Natural language processing (NLP) Reduplication Tokenization Word expansion

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