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Yoga pose classification: a CNN and MediaPipe inspired deep learning approach for real-world application

Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第12期14卷 16551-16562页

作者： Garg, Shubham Saxena, Aman Gupta, Richa Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amity School of Engineering and Technology Amity University Uttar Pradesh Noida India

Yoga is a centuries-old style of exercise followed by sports personnel, patients, and physiotherapist as their regime. A correct posture and technique are the key points in yoga to reap the maximum benefits. Hence, developing a model to classify yoga postures correctly is a recently emerging research topic. The paper presents a novel architecture that aims to classify various yoga poses. The proposed model estimates and classifies yoga poses into five broad categories with low latency. In the proposed architecture, the images are skeletonized before inputting into the model. The skeletonization process is done using the MediaPipe library for body keypoint detection. The paper compares the performance of various deep learning models with and without skeletonization. Different learning models showed the optimum result with the training of skeletonized images to the network. The comparison is drawn to establish the positive impact of skeletonization on the results obtained by various models. VGG16 achieves the highest validation accuracy on non-skeletonized images (95.6%), followed by InceptionV3, NASNetMobile, YogaConvo2d (proposed model) (89.9%), and lastly, InceptionResNetV2. In contrast, the proposed model YogaConvo2d using skeletonized images reports a validation accuracy of 99.62%, followed by VGG16, InceptionResNetV2, NASNetMobile, and InceptionV3. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： computer vision

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Central Attention Mechanism for Convolutional Neural Networks

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2024年第10期51卷 1642-1648页

作者： Geng, Y.X. Wang, L. Wang, Z.Y. Wang, Y.G. School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China Automation Design Institute Metallurgical Engineering Technology Co. Ltd. Dalian116000 China

Model performance has been significantly enhanced by channel attention. The average pooling procedure creates skewness, lowering the performance of the network architecture. In the channel attention approach, average pooling is used to collect feature information to provide representative values. By leveraging the central limit theorem, we hypothesize that the strip-shaped average pooling operation will generate a one-dimensional tensor by considering the spatial position information of the feature map. The resulting tensor, obtained through average pooling, serves as the representative value for the features, mitigating skewness during the process. By incorporating the concept of the central limit theorem into the channel attention operation process, this study introduces a novel attention mechanism known as the"Central Attention Mechanism (CAM)." Instead of directly using average pooling to generate channel representative values, the central attention approach employs star-stripe average pooling to normalize multiple feature representative values into a single representative value. In this way, strip-shaped average pooling can be utilized to collect data and generate a one-dimensional tensor, while star-stripe average pooling can provide feature representative values based on different spatial directions. To generate channel attention for the complementary input features, the activation of the feature representation value is performed for each channel. Our attention approach is flexible and can be seamlessly incorporated into various traditional network structures. Through rigorous testing, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our attention strategy, which can be applied to a wide range of computer vision applications and outperforms previous attention techniques. © (2024), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Tensors

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AMachine Learning Approach to User Profiling for Data Annotation of Online Behavior

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2419-2440页

作者： Moona Kanwal Najeed AKhan Aftab A.Khan Computer Science and Information Technology Department NED University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachiPakistan Computer Engineering Department Sir Syed University of Engineering and TechnologyKarachiPakistan College of Education Health and Human ServicesLongwood UniversityFarmvilleVAUSA

The user’s intent to seek online information has been an active area of research in user *** profiling considers user characteristics,behaviors,activities,and preferences to sketch user intentions,interests,and *** user characteristics can help capture implicit and explicit preferences and intentions for effective user-centric and customized content *** user’s complete online experience in seeking information is a blend of activities such as searching,verifying,and sharing it on social ***,a combination of multiple behaviors in profiling users has yet to be *** research takes a novel approach and explores user intent types based on multidimensional online behavior in information *** research explores information search,verification,and dissemination behavior and identifies diverse types of users based on their online engagement using machine *** research proposes a generic user profile template that explains the user characteristics based on the internet experience and uses it as ground truth for data *** feedback is based on online behavior and practices collected by using a survey *** participants include both males and females from different occupation sectors and different *** data collected is subject to feature engineering,and the significant features are presented to unsupervised machine learning methods to identify user intent classes or profiles and their *** techniques are evaluated,and the K-Mean clustering method successfully generates five user groups observing different user characteristics with an average silhouette of 0.36 and a distortion score of *** average is computed to identify user intent type *** user intent classes are then further generalized to create a user intent template with an Inter-Rater Reliability of 75%.This research successfully extracts different user types based on th

关键词： User intent cluster user profile online search information sharing user behavior search reasons

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Flu-Net: two-stream deep heterogeneous network to detect flu like symptoms from videos using grey wolf optimization algorithm

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第6期14卷 7733-7745页

作者： Gupta, Himanshu Imran, Javed Sharma, Chandani Department of Computer Science and Engineering Quantum University Roorkee India Computer Science and Engineering Department Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala India

The outbreak of COVID-19 (also known as Coronavirus) has put the entire world at risk. The disease first appears in Wuhan, China, and later spread to other countries, taking a form of a pandemic. In this paper, we try to build an artificial intelligence (AI) powered framework called Flu-Net to identify flu-like symptoms (which is also an important symptom of Covid-19) in people, and limit the spread of infection. Our approach is based on the application of human action recognition in surveillance systems, where videos captured by closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras are processed through state-of-the-art deep learning techniques to recognize different activities like coughing, sneezing, etc. The proposed framework has three major steps. First, to suppress irrelevant background details in an input video, a frame difference operation is performed to extract foreground motion information. Second, a two-stream heterogeneous network based on 2D and 3D Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) is trained using the RGB frame differences. And third, the features extracted from both the streams are combined using Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) based feature selection technique. The experiments conducted on BII Sneeze-Cough (BIISC) video dataset show that our framework can 70% accuracy, outperforming the baseline results by more than 8%. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： COVID-19

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A Novel Optimized Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Efficient Seizure Stage Classification

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第12期81卷 3903-3926页

作者： Umapathi Krishnamoorthy Shanmugam Jagan Mohammed Zakariah Abdulaziz S.Almazyad K.Gurunathan Department of Biomedical Engineering KIT-Kalaignarkarunanidhi Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore641402India Department of Computer Sciences and Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai600062India Department of Computer Sciences and Engineering College of Applied ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mount Zion College of Engineering and TechnologyPudukkottai622507India

Brain signal analysis from electroencephalogram(EEG)recordings is the gold standard for diagnosing various neural disorders especially epileptic *** signals are highly chaotic compared to normal brain signals and thus can be identified from EEG *** the current seizure detection and classification landscape,most models primarily focus on binary classification—distinguishing between seizure and non-seizure *** effective for basic detection,these models fail to address the nuanced stages of seizures and the intervals between *** identification of per-seizure or interictal stages and the timing between seizures is crucial for an effective seizure alert *** granularity is essential for improving patient-specific interventions and developing proactive seizure management *** study addresses this gap by proposing a novel AI-based approach for seizure stage classification using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network(DCNN).The developed model goes beyond traditional binary classification by categorizing EEG recordings into three distinct classes,thus providing a more detailed analysis of seizure *** enhance the model’s performance,we have optimized the DCNN using two advanced techniques:the Stochastic Gradient Algorithm(SGA)and the evolutionary Genetic Algorithm(GA).These optimization strategies are designed to fine-tune the model’s accuracy and ***,k-fold cross-validation ensures the model’s reliability and generalizability across different data *** and validated on the Bonn EEG data sets,the proposed optimized DCNN model achieved a test accuracy of 93.2%,demonstrating its ability to accurately classify EEG *** summary,the key advancement of the present research lies in addressing the limitations of existing models by providing a more detailed seizure classification system,thus potentially enhancing the effectiveness of real-time seizure prediction and management systems in clinic

关键词： Bonn EEG dataset cross-validation genetic algorithm batch normalization seizure classification stochastic gradient

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Adversarial-Learning-Based Taguchi Convolutional Fuzzy Neural Classifier for Images of Lung Cancer

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IEEE Access 2024年 12卷 72766-72776页

作者： Lin, Cheng-Jian Lin, Xue-Qian Jhang, Jyun-Yu National Chin-Yi University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taichung41170 Taiwan National Taichung University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taichung40401 Taiwan

Deep learning technology has extensive application in the classification and recognition of medical images. However, several challenges persist in such application, such as the need for acquiring large-scale labeled data, configuring network parameters, and handling excessive network parameters. To address these challenges, in this study, we developed an adversarial-learning-based Taguchi convolutional fuzzy neural classifier (AL-TCFNC) for classifying malignant and benign lung tumors displayed in computed tomography images. In the framework of the developed AL-TCFNC, a fuzzy neural classifier replaces a conventional fully connected network, thereby reducing the number of network parameters and the training duration. To reduce experimental cost and training time, the Taguchi method was used. This method helps to identify the optimal combination of model parameters through a small number of experiments. The transfer learning of models across databases often results in subpar performance because of the paucity of labeled samples. To resolve this problem, we used a combination of maximum mean discrepancy and cross-entropy for adversarial learning with the proposed model. Two data sets, namely the SPIE-AAPM Lung CT Challenge data set and LIDC-IDRI Lung Imaging Research data set, were used to validate the AL-TCFNC model. When the AL-TCFNC model was used for transfer learning, it exhibited an accuracy rate of 89.55% and outperformed other deep learning models in terms of classification performance. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Fuzzy neural networks

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Recent Trends in Sign Language Detection System Using Machine Learning Algorithms 2

Recent Trends in Sign Language Detection System Using Machin...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on IoT, Communication and Automation technology, ICICAT 2024

作者： Sharma, Keshav Jain, Naman Upadhyay, Adarsh Mishra, Annu Chaturvedi, Ravi Prakash Pruthi, Jyoti Sharda School of Engineering & Technology Department of Computer Science & Engineering Greater Noida India Sharda School of Engineering & Technology Department of Computer Science & Applications Greater Noida India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368109

This study summarises current advances in sign language recognition systems, emphasising trends, problems, and prospects. Twenty key research publications are analysed, spanning a wide range of sign language recognition topics, from low-power bio-inspired armband solutions to sophisticated neural network structures. These technologies' incorporation into human-robot interactions, as well as their potential to improve communication accessibility, are highlighted. The communication gap limits social integration, access to services, information, and education for individuals who rely on sign language. To address this issue, our research aims to develop an innovative method for real-time translation of sign language into spoken and written languages. We propose a comprehensive system called "SignText"that utilizes Large Language Models (LLMs) and Python programming to interpret and translate sign language into subtitles. Through this approach, we aim to bridge the communication gap and enhance the lives of individuals who use sign language. Initial results demonstrate promising accuracy, with an average recognition rate of over 90% for basic signs and gestures, and up to 85% and 70% for more complex and similar signs, respectively. These results show significant progress toward fostering greater inclusion and accessibility in social interactions and daily life. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Human robot interaction

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Exploring diversity and time-aware recommendations: an LSTM-DNN model with novel bidirectional dynamic time warping algorithm

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Soft Computing 2025年第4期29卷 2003-2013页

作者： Li, Te Chen, Liqiong Sun, Huaiying Hou, Mengxia Lei, Yunjie Zhi, Kaiwen School of Computer and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Meilong road Shanghai200237 China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Haiquan road Shanghai201400 China School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Haiquan road Shanghai201400 China

With the advent of the Web 3.0 era, the amount and types of data in the network have sharply increased, and the application scenarios of recommendation algorithms are continuously expanding. Location recommendation has gradually become one of the popular application scenarios in recommendation algorithms. Traditional recommendation algorithms not only ignore the temporal attribute of data when recommending information to users, but also blindly pursue the recommendation accuracy, which will cause certain "information cocoon room" problems. Therefore, this article treats user historical data as a time series and proposes an LSTM-DNN model based on the novel bidirectional Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm. Firstly, in response to the issue of different users consuming different amounts of information, this article proposes a novel bidirectional DTW algorithm to calculate the similarity between different users. Secondly, this article supplements the user dataset from three perspectives: "utilization" and "exploration" of information, and spatiotemporal attributes of data, which alleviates the problem of data sparsity and cold start in the dataset to a certain extent. Moreover, it effectively enhances the diversity of recommendation results. Finally, this paper constructs an Long Short-Term Memory-Deep Neural Networks (LSTM-DNN) to dynamically obtain user interests and preferences, and proposes a new metric Cumulative Self-System Diversity (CSSD) to measure the diversity of algorithm recommendation results. Experiments have shown that the model effectively enhances the diversity of recommendation results while ensuring recommendation accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Time series

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Design an optimization based ensemble machine learning framework for detecting rice leaf diseases

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第36期83卷 84401-84424页

作者： Rajasekhar, Veeramreddy Arulselvi, Gnanasekaran Babu, K. Suresh Department of Computer Science Engineering Annamalai University Tamilnadu Chidambaram India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Annamalai University Tamil Nadu Chidambaram India International School of Technology and Sciences for Women East Gonagudem Rajanagaram A.P Rajamahendravaram India

The agriculture industry is currently dealing with serious issues with rice plants as a result of illnesses that decrease the quantity and output of the harvest. Numerous fungi and bacteria diseases harm plants that affect the growth of yield. So identification of the detection of crop diseases is essential for enhancing the productivity of crops. Many techniques have been developed to improve disease detection in crops but there are still some issues such as noise, time consumption, delay, poor segmentation, and less accuracy. To overcome these issues, this paper, designed a Spider Monkey-based Random Forest (SMbRF) model for accurate detection and classification of rice leaf diseases and the designed model was implemented in the Python system. The main aim is to develop an optimization-based random forest technique for accurate prediction of rice leaf disease by exact segmentation. Initially, preprocessing is performed to enhance the data quality and remove errors. Furthermore, separate the lesions using mean shift image segmentation and extract the shape and color features to improve the detection results of the developed model. As well, spider monkey fitness is updated in the RF classification layer for accurate classification of diseases and improves accuracy with less execution time. The experiment results show the reliability and efficiency of the designed model, it attains better performance in accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision. The designed model attained 99.29% accuracy, 99.52% sensitivity, 98.76% precision, and 99% specificity proving the scalability of the designed model. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Machine learning

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Transforming the electrical grid: the role of AI in advancing smart, sustainable, and secure energy systems

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Energy Informatics 2025年第1期8卷 1-43页

作者： Rajaperumal, T.A. Columbus, C. Christopher School of Electrical Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai India

The evolution of the electrical grid from its early centralized structure to today’s advanced "smart grid" reflects significant technological progress. Early grids, designed for simple power delivery from large plants to consumers, faced challenges in efficiency, reliability, and scalability. Over time, the grid has transformed into a decentralized network driven by innovative technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI). AI has become instrumental in enhancing efficiency, security, and resilience by enabling real-time data analysis, predictive maintenance, demand-response optimization, and automated fault detection, thereby improving overall operational efficiency. This paper examines the evolution of the electrical grid, tracing its transition from early limitations to the methodologies adopted in present smart grids for addressing those challenges. Current smart grids leverage AI to optimize energy management, predict faults, and seamlessly integrate electric vehicles (EVs), reducing transmission losses and improving performance. However, these advancements are not without limitations. Present grids remain vulnerable to cyberattacks, necessitating the adoption of more robust methodologies and advanced technologies for future grids. Looking forward, emerging technologies such as Digital Twin (DT) models, the Internet of Energy (IoE), and decentralized grid management are set to redefine grid architectures. These advanced technologies enable real-time simulations, adaptive control, and enhanced human–machine collaboration, supporting dynamic energy distribution and proactive risk management. Integrating AI with advanced energy storage, renewable resources, and adaptive access control mechanisms will ensure future grids are resilient, sustainable, and responsive to growing energy demands. This study emphasizes AI’s transformative role in addressing the challenges of the early grid, enhancing the capabilities of the present smart grid, and shaping a secure

关键词： Risk management

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