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Real-Time CNN-Based Driver Distraction&Drowsiness Detection System

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第8期37卷 2153-2174页

作者： Abdulwahab Ali Almazroi Mohammed A.Alqarni Nida Aslam Rizwan Ali Shah University of Jeddah College of Computing and Information Technology at KhulaisDepartment of Information TechnologyJeddahSaudi Arabia University of Jeddah College of Computer Science and EngineeringDepartment of Software EngineeringJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science National College of Business Administration&EconomicsBahawalpur Campus63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurRahim Yar Khan CampusPunjab64200Pakistan

Nowadays days,the chief grounds of automobile accidents are driver fatigue and *** the development of computer vision technology,a cutting-edge system has the potential to spot driver distractions or sleepiness and alert them,reducing *** paper presents a novel approach to detecting driver tiredness based on eye and mouth movements and object identification that causes a distraction while operating a motor *** the facial landmarks that the camera picks up and sends to classify using a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)any changes by focusing on the eyes and mouth zone,precision is *** of the tasks that must be performed in the transit system is seat belt detection to lessen accidents caused by sudden stops or high-speed collisions with other cars.A method is put forth to use convolution neural networks to determine whether the motorist is wearing a seat belt when a driver is sleepy,preoccupied,or not wearing their seat belt,this system alerts them with an alarm,and if they don’t wake up by a predetermined time of 3 s threshold,an automatic message is sent to law enforcement *** suggested CNN-based model exhibits greater accuracy with 97%.It can be utilized to develop a system that detects driver attention or sleeps in real-time.

关键词： Deep learning convolutional neural network Tensorflow drowsiness and yawn detection seat belt detection object detection

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Convergence Track Based Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm(CTbADE)

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1229-1250页

作者： Qamar Abbas Khalid Mahmood Malik Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar Muhammad Badruddin Khan Mozaherul Hoque Abul Hasanat Abdullah AlTameem Mohammed AlKhathami Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Oakland UniversityRochesterMIUSA Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)RiyadhSaudi Arabia

One of the challenging problems with evolutionary computing algorithms is to maintain the balance between exploration and exploitation capability in order to search global optima.A novel convergence track based adaptive differential evolution(CTbADE)algorithm is presented in this research *** crossover rate and mutation probability parameters in a differential evolution algorithm have a significant role in searching global optima.A more diverse population improves the global searching capability and helps to escape from the local optima *** the convergence path over time helps enhance the searching speed of a differential evolution algorithm for varying *** adaptive powerful parameter-controlled sequences utilized learning period-based memory and following convergence track over time are introduced in this *** proposed algorithm will be helpful in maintaining the equilibrium between an algorithm’s exploration and exploitation capability.A comprehensive test suite of standard benchmark problems with different natures,i.e.,unimodal/multimodal and separable/non-separable,was used to test the convergence power of the proposed CTbADE *** results show the significant performance of the CTbADE algorithm in terms of average fitness,solution quality,and convergence speed when compared with standard differential evolution algorithms and a few other commonly used state-of-the-art algorithms,such as jDE,CoDE,and EPSDE *** algorithm will prove to be a significant addition to the literature in order to solve real time problems and to optimize computationalmodels with a high number of parameters to adjust during the problem-solving process.

关键词： Differential evolution function optimization convergence track parameter sequence adaptive control parameters

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Alzheimer Disease Detection Studies: Perspective on Multi-Modal Data

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Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2025年第1期33卷 266-276页

作者： Dehghani, Farzaneh Derafshi, Reihaneh Lin, Joanna Bayat, Sayeh Bento, Mariana Biomedical Engineering Department University of Calgary Canada Computer Science Department University of Calgary Canada Geomatics Engineering Department University of Calgary Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Canada Electrical and Software Engineering Department University of Calgary Canada

OBJECTIVES: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, resulting in progressive cognitive decline, and so accurate and timely AD diagnosis is of critical importance. To this end, various medical technologies and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD), ranging from biosensors and raw signals to medical imaging, have been used to provide information about the state of AD. In this survey, we aim to provide a review on CAD systems for automated AD detection, focusing on different data types: namely, signals and sensors, medical imaging, and electronic medical records (EMR). METHODS: We explored the literature on automated AD detection from 2022-2023. Specifically, we focused on various data resources and reviewed several preprocessing and learning methodologies applied to each data type, as well as evaluation metrics for model performance evaluation. Further, we focused on challenges, future perspectives, and recommendations regarding automated AD diagnosis. RESULTS: Compared to other modalities, medical imaging was the most common data type. The prominent modality was Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). In contrast, studies based on EMR data type were marginal because EMR is mostly used for AD prediction rather than detection. Several challenges were identified: data scarcity and bias, imbalanced datasets, missing information, anonymization, lack of standardization, and explainability. CONCLUSION: Despite recent developments in automated AD detection, improving the trustworthiness and performance of these models, and combining different data types will improve usability and reliability of CAD tools for early AD detection in the clinical practice. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease computer-aided Diagnosis Electronic Medical Records Medical Imaging Signals and Sensors

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Incentive-Driven Approach for Misbehavior Avoidance in Vehicular Networks

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 6089-6106页

作者： Shahid Sultan Qaisar Javaid Eid Rehman Ahmad Aziz Alahmadi Nasim Ullah Wakeel Khan Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Foundation University Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Taif University KSA Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Foundation University Islamabad44000Pakistan

For efficient and robust information exchange in the vehicular adhoc network,a secure and trusted incentive reward is needed to avoid and reduce the intensity of misbehaving nodes and congestion especially in the case where the periodic beacons exploit the *** addition,we cannot be sure that all vehicular nodes eagerly share their communication assets to the system for message dissemination without any ***,there may be some misbehaving nodes and due to their selfish and greedy approach,these nodes may not help others on the *** deal with this challenge,trust-based misbehavior avoidance schemes are generally reflected as the capable *** this paper,we employed a fair incentive mechanism for cooperation aware vehicular communication *** order to deploy a comprehensive credit based rewarding scheme,the proposed rewardbased scheme fully depends on secure and reliable cryptographic *** order to achieve the security goals,we used the cryptographic scheme to generate a certified public key for the authenticity of every message exchange over the *** evaluated the friction of misbehaving vehicles and the effect of rewarding schemes in context with honest messages dissemination over the network.

关键词： VANET misbehavior reputation rewards congestion avoidance certified public key

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A Novel Hybrid Evolutionary Mating Algorithm for Covid19 Confirmed Cases Prediction based on Vaccination

A Novel Hybrid Evolutionary Mating Algorithm for Covid19 Con...

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2023 International Conference on Next-Generation Computing, IoT and Machine Learning, NCIM 2023

作者： Ahmed, Marzia Mohamad, Ahmad Johari Rahman, Mostafijur Sulaiman, Mohd Herwan Kashem, Mohammod Abul Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Technology Pahang Malaysia Daffodil International University Department of Software Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh Green University of Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bangladesh DUET Department of Computer Science and Engineering Gazipur Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316001

Microorganisms may cause illness when they enter the body, multiply, and spread to other parts. The rapid spread of COVID-19 to neighboring countries is examined in this research. Anticipating a positive COVID-19 occurrence helps in determining risks and creating countermeasures. As a result, developing robust mathematical models with small error margins for predictions is crucial. Based on these findings, a combined method of evaluating confirmed cases of COVID-19 with universal immunization is recommended. First, the best hyperparameter values of the RBF kernel-based LSSVM (least square support vector machine) were determined using the most recent Evolutionary Mating Algorithm (EMA). After that, LSSVM will complete the task of prediction. This hybrid method has been utilized for time series forecasting in Malaysia since the country's immunization program against COVID-19 got underway. We evaluate our results next to those of well-known methodologies in nature-inspired metaheuristics. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Facial Emotion Recognition using Deep Learning (FERDL) 25

Facial Emotion Recognition using Deep Learning (FERDL)

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25th International Multi Topic Conference, INMIC 2023

作者： Ramzan, Hafiz Arslan Sohaib, Ahmed Ramzan, Sadia Kalsum, Tehmina Aqeel, Muhammad Majeed, Mohsin Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology Institute of Computer and Software Engineering Rahim Yar Khan Pakistan National University of Modern Languages Department of Computer Science Multan Pakistan University of Engineering & Technology Department of Software Engineering Taxila Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317701

Facial Emotion Recognition is one of the in-demand and rapidly growing research topics in the domain of computer Vision (CV) and artificial intelligence (AI). The ability to identify or detect human emotions from real-time facial expressions (FEs) has vast conceivable applications in different domains, such as sentiment analysis, human-computer interaction, human resource management, security, and human psychology. In this paper, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based deep learning model is trained with haar-cascade classifier to recognize the real-time FEs. The suggested model is specially trained to categorize the FEs into one of the seven emotion categories, namely six basic emotions (sad, happy, angry, surprised, disgusted, fear) and a neutral emotion. It includes several convolutional layers, as well as fully connected neurons followed by max-pooling layers, and soft-max activation function with the corresponding seven classes. ReLU activation functions along with various kernels to enhance filtering depth, and extraction of facial features. FER-2013 dataset is used for experimentation purpose. To improve the classification performance and model accuracy, a data augmentation technique is used for rescaling and horizontal flipping. The proposed model outperforms the previous related works by achieving a validation accuracy of 71.96% and training accuracy above 90%, with fewer epochs. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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Recognition of Urdu Handwritten Alphabet Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2967-2984页

作者： Gulzar Ahmed Tahir Alyas Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Muhammad Usman Ashraf Ahmed Mohammed Alghamdi Adel A.Bahaddad Khalid Ali Almarhabi Department of Computer Science University of South AsiaLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science GC Women UniversitySialkot53310Pakistan Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Jeddah21493Saudi Arabia Department of Information System Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computing in Al-QunfudahUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah24381Saudi Arabia

Handwritten character recognition systems are used in every field of life nowadays,including shopping malls,banks,educational institutes,*** is the national language of Pakistan,and it is the fourth spoken language in the ***,it is still challenging to recognize Urdu handwritten characters owing to their cursive *** paper presents a Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)model to recognize Urdu handwritten alphabet recognition(UHAR)offline and online *** research contributes an Urdu handwritten dataset(aka UHDS)to empower future works in this *** offline systems,optical readers are used for extracting the alphabets,while diagonal-based extraction methods are implemented in online ***,our research tackled the issue concerning the lack of comprehensive and standard Urdu alphabet datasets to empower research activities in the area of Urdu text *** this end,we collected 1000 handwritten samples for each alphabet and a total of 38000 samples from 12 to 25 age groups to train our CNN model using online and offline ***,we carried out detailed experiments for character recognition,as detailed in the *** proposed CNN model outperformed as compared to previously published approaches.

关键词： Urdu handwritten text recognition handwritten dataset convolutional neural network artificial intelligence machine learning deep learning

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Smart Scheduling in Cloudlet Federation

Smart Scheduling in Cloudlet Federation

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2023 International Conference on Energy, Power, Environment, Control, and Computing, ICEPECC 2023

作者： Asim, Sherrjel Nayyer, Muhammad Ziad Ahmed, Usama Faheem, Muhammad GIFT University Department of Computer Science Gujranwala Pakistan Government College University Department of Software Engineering Faisalabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665476010

Rapidly increasing data requires a lot of time to execute different tasks by the systems at Cloudlet Federation (CF). The demand of today's computing is to exploit resource utilization up to maximum. Efficient resource allocation and scheduling of tasks are the significant characteristics of Cloudlet Federation (CF). Different tasks have diverse execution time. Some tasks require greater execution time whereas some need just a couple of seconds for their execution. Scheduling offers a feasible solution for handling these tasks with the help of different scheduling algorithms. To address task scheduling issue, this paper proposes a scheduling technique named Least Busy Time Scheduling (LBTS) for smart scheduling of tasks in Cloudlet Federation (CF). The proposed technique assists the scheduler to assign task to a system considering the parameter of least busy time to reduce waiting time and optimize the overall performance of the system. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Scheduling algorithms

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Human Pose Estimation and Object Interaction for Sports Behaviour

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1-18页

作者： Ayesha Arif Yazeed Yasin Ghadi Mohammed Alarfaj Ahmad Jalal Shaharyar Kamal Dong-Seong Kim Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Al Ain UniversityAl Ain15551UAE Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl-AhsaSaudi Arabia Department of IT Convergence Engineering Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumiKorea

In the new era of technology,daily human activities are becoming more challenging in terms of monitoring complex scenes and *** understand the scenes and activities from human life logs,human-object interaction(HOI)is important in terms of visual relationship detection and human pose *** understanding and interaction recognition between human and object along with the pose estimation and interaction modeling have been *** existing algorithms and feature extraction procedures are complicated including accurate detection of rare human postures,occluded regions,and unsatisfactory detection of objects,especially small-sized *** existing HOI detection techniques are instancecentric(object-based)where interaction is predicted between all the *** estimation depends on appearance features and spatial ***,we propose a novel approach to demonstrate that the appearance features alone are not sufficient to predict the ***,we detect the human body parts by using the Gaussian Matric Model(GMM)followed by object detection using *** predict the interaction points which directly classify the interaction and pair them with densely predicted HOI vectors by using the interaction *** interactions are linked with the human and object to predict the *** experiments have been performed on two benchmark HOI datasets demonstrating the proposed approach.

关键词： Human object interaction human pose estimation object detection sports estimation sports prediction

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A Three-Dimensional Real-Time Gait-Based Age Detection System Using Machine Learning

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 165-182页

作者： Muhammad Azhar Sehat Ullah Khalil Ullah Habib Shah Abdallah Namoun Khaliq Ur Rahman Department of Computer Science&IT University of MalakandChakdara18800Pakistan Department of Software Engineering University of MalakandChakdara18800Pakistan College of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha62529Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahMadinah42351Saudi Arabia Department of Statistics Abdul Wali Khan UniversityMardan23200Pakistan

Human biometric analysis has gotten much attention due to itswidespread use in different research areas, such as security, surveillance,health, human identification, and classification. Human gait is one of the keyhuman traits that can identify and classify humans based on their age, gender,and ethnicity. Different approaches have been proposed for the estimation ofhuman age based on gait so far. However, challenges are there, for which anefficient, low-cost technique or algorithm is needed. In this paper, we proposea three-dimensional real-time gait-based age detection system using a machinelearning approach. The proposed system consists of training and testingphases. The proposed training phase consists of gait features extraction usingthe Microsoft Kinect (MS Kinect) controller, dataset generation based onjoints’ position, pre-processing of gait features, feature selection by calculatingthe Standard error and Standard deviation of the arithmetic mean and bestmodel selection using R2 and adjusted R2 techniques. T-test and ANOVAtechniques show that nine joints (right shoulder, right elbow, right hand, leftknee, right knee, right ankle, left ankle, left, and right foot) are statisticallysignificant at a 5% level of significance for age estimation. The proposedtesting phase correctly predicts the age of a walking person using the resultsobtained from the training phase. The proposed approach is evaluated on thedata that is experimentally recorded from the user in a real-time *** (50) volunteers of different ages participated in the experimental *** the limited features, the proposed method estimates the age with 98.0%accuracy on experimental images acquired in real-time via a classical generallinear regression model.

关键词： Age estimation gait biometrics classical linear regression model

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