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Joint Frame Drop and Object Detection Task Offloading for Mobile Devices via RL With Lyapunov Optimization

IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第7期24卷 6168-6182页

作者： Sohn, Vaughn Kim, Suhwan Lee, Hyang-Won Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Konkuk University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul05029 Korea Republic of

Object detection has become an increasingly important application for mobile devices. However, state-of-the-art object detection relies heavily on deep neural network, which is often burdensome to compute on mobile devices. To this end, we develop a layering framework for joint video frame drop and object detection task offloading. In the lower layer, by invoking Lyapunov optimization, we devise an algorithm for partitioning and offloading the computation tasks of deep neural networks. This algorithm also specifies the flow control for admitting the application traffic into the network. In the upper layer, we use the flow control as a form of guidance in the action space in order to develop a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm that selectively drops video frames with object detection performance in consideration. By the nature of design, this Lyapunov-guided RL guarantees the network stability. We show through simulations that our Lyapunov-guided RL drops video frames with reasonable object detection performance and reduced latency while keeping the network stable. We also implemented our algorithm on the remote-controlled (RC) car equipped with microprocessor and GPU, and demonstrate the applicability of our algorithm to real-time object detection tasks from the video stream generated as the RC car moves. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Intelligent Vehicular Communication Using Vulnerability Scoring Based Routing Protocol

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第1期35卷 31-45页

作者： M.Ramya Devi I.Jasmine Selvakumari Jeya Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hindusthan College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641050India

Internet of Vehicles(IoV)is an intelligent vehicular technology that allows vehicles to communicate with each other via *** and the Internet of Things(IoT)enable cutting-edge technologies including such self-driving *** the existing systems,there is a maximum communication delay while transmitting the *** proposed system uses hybrid Cooperative,Vehicular Communication Management Framework called CAMINO(CA).Further it uses,energy efficient fast message routing protocol with Common Vulnerability Scoring System(CVSS)methodology for improving the communication delay,*** improves security while transmitting the messages through *** this research,we present a unique intelligent vehicular infrastructure communication management *** framework includes additional stability for both short and long-range mobile *** also includes built-in cooperative intelligent transport system(C-ITS)capabilities for experimental verification in real-world *** addition,an energy efficient-fast message distribution routing protocol(EE-FMDRP)has been *** combines the benefits between both temporal and direction oriented routing *** has been suggested for distributing information from the origin ends to the predetermined objective in a quick,accurate,and effective manner in the event of an *** critical value scale score(CVSS)employ ratings to measure the assault probability in Markov *** of chained transitions allow us to statistically evaluate the integrity of a group of *** the proposed method helps to enhance the vehicular *** CAMINO with energy efficient fast protocol using CVSS(CA-EEFP-CVSS)method outperforms in terms of shortest transmission latency achieves 2.6 sec,highest throughput 11.6%,and lowest energy usage 17%and PDR 95.78%.

关键词： Intelligent automation intelligent transport system vehicular networks markov chains internet of vehicles critical value scale score

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Smart automated highway lighting system using IoT: a survey

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Energy Informatics 2024年第1期7卷 76页

作者： Achar, Tejaswini Eshwar Rekha, C. Shreyas, J. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Government Engineering College Koppal Talakal India Department of Information Science and Engineering Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology Davanagere India Department of Information Technology Manipal Institute of Technology Bengaluru Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India

Efficient highway lighting is crucial for ensuring road safety and reducing energy consumption and costs. Traditional highway lighting systems rely on timers or simple photosensors, leading to inefficient operation by illuminating lights when not needed or failing to adjust to changing conditions. The emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and related technologies has enabled the development of smart automated highway lighting systems that can dynamically control illumination levels based on real-time data. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state-of-the-art in smart automated highway lighting systems employing IoT technologies. Key components, communication protocols, data processing techniques, and lighting control strategies are discussed. The integration of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems is explored for environmentally sustainable operations. Practical implementation case studies are analyzed to highlight benefits and challenges. Open research issues and future directions for further enhancements are identified. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Street lighting

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Event Management System Using Spatial and Event Attribute Information

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SN computer science 2025年第3期6卷 1-9页

作者： Setia, Sonia Anjli, Km Bisht, Upasana Jyoti Raj, Dharm Department of Computer Science & Engineering Sharda School of Engineering & Technology Sharda University Uttar Pradesh Greater Noida India Department of Computer Science Institute of Innovation in Technology & Management Delhi Janakpuri India Department of Computer Science and Engineering ITS Engineering College Greater Noida India

The event management mechanism matches messages that have been subscribed to and events that have been published. To identify the subscriptions that correspond to the occurrence inside the category, it must first run a clustering operation on the subscription message data and determine the category to which the event belongs. In this work, we offer an on-the-fly publish-subscribe technique that can handle on-the-fly subscription changes and category modifications in a distributed environment, as well as the synchronization of spatial information and event attribute information. Additionally, without any prior information, clustering and matching processes can be carried out rapidly. The publish-subscribe method is implemented on a distributed system, and a load-balancing solution is proposed for the algorithm on the distributed system. We then constructed our cluster and used real data to empirically evaluate the suggested publish-subscribe technique. Experiments show that incorporating both similarity and relevance with frequency, compared to focusing on similarity alone, significantly decreases the number of categories which need to be matched for events. This leads to a 15.5% improvement in the speed of matching events and subscriptions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Clustering algorithms Distributed systems Publish-and-subscribe systems

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Innovative Rumor Detection on Social Media Text: A Comprehensive Study of Dual Co-Attention Ensemble Based Voting Approach 5th

Innovative Rumor Detection on Social Media Text: A Comprehen...

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5th International Conference on Recent Trends in Machine Learning, IoT, Smart Cities, and Applications, ICMISC 2024

作者： Gangone, Anjali Bharat Kumar, G.J. Swapna, Mandu Department of Computer Science and Engineering CMR Institute of Technology Hyderabad India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sreyas Institute of Engineering and Technology Telangana Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819788606

This study delves into the crucial task of rumor detection amidst the rapid spread of information online, focusing on the efficacy of advanced dual co-attention ensemble models for ensuring digital communication’s reliability. By integrating Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) Representation, Self-Attention (SA) Models, and Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT) Sentiment Models, alongside various Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, the research examines the potential of these models to improve rumor detection accuracy significantly. The investigation encompasses eight distinct models: the GRU Representation Model, the SA Model, the BERT Sentiment Model, and various dual co-attention ensemble combinations thereof (GRU + SA, SA + BERT, BERT + GRU, and GRU + SA + BERT), employing a sophisticated voting mechanism for rumor classification. This comprehensive evaluation across key performance metrics Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1 Score revealed the substantial impact of leveraging dual co-attention ensemble model strengths, particularly through dual co-attention and a strategic voting mechanism. Among the dual co-attention ensemble models, the SA + GRU + BERT configuration emerged as a superior performer, achieving remarkable results with an accuracy of 93.5%, a precision of 92%, a perfect recall of 99%, and an F1 score of 95%. These findings underscore the dual co-attention ensemble models’ exceptional capability to address rumor detection challenges effectively. The study not only showcases the promising prospects of utilizing cutting-edge AI for rumor detection but also provides insights for refining these models further. It suggests avenues for future research, including model finetuning, ethical considerations, and the necessity for real-time monitoring. This research underscores the transformative potential of AI in enhancing the accuracy of online information, paving the way for future advancements in rumor detection. © The Author(s),

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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Preventing 51% Attack by Using Consecutive Block Limits in Bitcoin

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IEEE Access 2024年 12卷 77852-77869页

作者： Mahmood Babur, Sohail Ur Rehman Khan, Shafiq Yang, Jing Chen, Yen-Lin Soon Ku, Chin Yee Por, Lip Government Murray College Department of Information Technology Sialkot51010 Pakistan Capital University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science Islamabad44730 Pakistan Universiti Malaya Department of Computer System and Technology Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia National Taipei University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taipei106344 Taiwan Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Department of Computer Science Kampar31900 Malaysia

In permissionless blockchain systems, Proof of Work (PoW) is utilized to address the issues of double-spending and transaction starvation. When an attacker acquires more than 50% of the hash power of the entire network, they gain the ability to engage in double-spending activities, posing a significant threat to the PoW consensus algorithm. This research focuses on the consensus algorithm employed in the Bitcoin system, explaining how it operates and the security challenges it faces. The proposed modification to the PoW algorithm imposes a restriction on miners: they are not allowed to accept consecutive blocks from the same miner into the final local blockchain to prevent the 51% attack problem. This modification supports transactions that require six confirmations. In the event an attacker attempts a 51% attack with a private chain that consists of fewer than 6 blocks, it becomes easier to detect a double-spending attack before accepting the attacker's private chain. The modified algorithm introduces a 'Safe Mode Detection Algorithm' that scrutinizes incoming blocks for adjustments at the top of the local blockchain. If inconsistencies are identified, the consensus algorithm proceeds cautiously by comparing the UTXO dictionaries from the attacker's chain with those from the miner's own blockchain. This meticulous comparison aims to detect instances of double-spending. If such instances are detected, the miner rejects the attacker's chain, establishing a double-spend-free environment and thwarting 51% attacks. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain

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A novel dominating set and centrality based graph convolutional network for node classification

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第14期84卷 12979-13004页

作者： Garg, Neeraj Garg, Sneha Jadeja, Mahipal Meena, Yogesh Kumar Gopalani, Dinesh Chauhan, Ganpat Singh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Rajasthan Jaipur302017 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology Jaipur Rajasthan Jaipur302017 India Department of Information Technology School of IT Manipal University Jaipur Rajasthan Jaipur302034 India

To learn and analyze graph-structured data, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful framework over traditional neural networks, which work well on grid-like or sequential structure data. GNNs are particularly designed to record dependencies and relations in large and complicated networks such as social networks, molecular structures, citation networks and recommendation systems. The main idea behind GNN is the message-passing mechanism that allows sharing of information between nodes and edges in a graph network, enabling the model to learn about graph structures and perform well even with limited training data. GNNs have three different architectures: Graph Convolutional Network (GCN), GraphSAGE, Graph Attention Model (GAT) and other hybrid models. In this paper, we have proposed novel GCN models namely dominating Set with Degree Centrality based GCN (DS_DC_GCN) and dominating Set with Betweenness Centrality based GCN (DS_BWC_GCN) model, for node classification task. In the traditional GNN models, training nodes are selected randomly. In our proposed models, we first identify a subset of the nodes with the help of a dominating set (D) of the underlying network. Then we consider final training nodes (say D′) from set D based on the centrality scores (degree or betweenness). We give preference to nodes having high centrality scores for training. To evaluate the performance of the proposed models, we have used three standard citation network datasets - Cora, Citeseer and Pubmed. Our models obtain improved node classification performance as compared to other state-of-the-art-methods. The consideration of high centrality nodes of dominating set in training helps to improve the feature availability in the underlying computational graphs, which in turn improves learning and hence, model performance. These models also have the potential to offer better results for other network tasks, including link prediction and community detection. © The Author(s), under

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Recognition of American sign language using modified deep residual CNN with modified canny edge segmentation

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-28页

作者： Hariharan, U. Devarajan, Devikanniga Kumar, P. Santhosh Rajkumar, K. Meena, M. Akilan, T. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM University Karnataka Bengaluru561203 India Department of Information Technology Faculty of Engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Tamil Nadu Chennai600089 India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Sairam Engineering College Tamil Nadu Tambaram602109 India Research Coordinator Dept. of IQAC Amity University Kolkata West Bengal 700135 India

American Sign Language (ASL) recognition aims to recognize hand gestures, and it is a crucial solution to communicating between the deaf community and hearing people. However, existing sign language recognition algorithms still have some drawbacks, such as difficulty recognizing hand movements and low recognition accuracy for most sign language recognition. A Modified Convolutional Neural Network (MCNN) deep residual 101 classifier-based American Sign Language identification system has been developed to address this problem. There are three main parts presents in the method. The first part is pre-processing the images to remove the noise, enhance the contrast of the picture, adjust the contrast level and smoothen the picture using various filters. The second part is the segmentation, and it’s used to partition the image using a modified canny edge detection method by removing all weak edges present in the image. Finally, classification will be done using the Modified CNN deep residual 101 classifiers. By classifying the image, the American Sign Language is accurately identified. This process is conducted through images. The outcome shows that the suggested approach has a 0.97% accuracy and a 0.05% False Positive Rate. Other CNN architectures such as resNet 50 and resNet 18 reached 0.90% and 0.80% accuracy, respectively, which is lower than our proposed method. In addition, the resNet 101 classifier effectively recognizes the difficult hand gestures through the image data. It obtains high recognition accuracy for 36 signs is 0 to 9 numbers and a to z alphabets from American Sign Language. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A New Comparative Approach Based on Features of Subcomponents and Machine Learning Algorithms to Detect and Classify Power Quality Disturbances

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Electric Power Components and Systems 2024年第8期52卷 1269-1292页

作者： Akkaya, Sıtkı Yüksek, Emre Akgün, Hasan Metehan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering of Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sivas University of Science and Technology Sivas Turkey Department of Computer Engineering of Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sivas University of Science and Technology Sivas Turkey Department of Aircraft Technology of Sivas Vocational School Sivas University of Science and Technology Sivas Turkey

Current measurement systems based on the IEEE-1159 standard have some limitations and robustness problems under noisy and fast-changing conditions. Besides, applying different methods for each Power Quality Disturbance (PQD) to every window is required but time-consuming and not feasible. Therefore, different kinds of two-stage methods, Detection and Classification (D&C), have been improved in many studies. Then, the required measurement can be performed to define disturbance. For this purpose, a new approach based on features of subcomponents with Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs) to detect and classify PQDs is proposed. 21-class dataset including single and multiple PQDs under different noisy conditions was prepared randomly. Of this dataset, determined features were extracted and some of these were selected. Then, selected features were trained and tested with some MLAs in a workstation. Results obtained from comparative MLAs and the other classification methods show that the best MLA with related features is Random Forest with 96.97% while LightGBM, k-Nearest Neighbors, and XGBoost 96.85%, 96.73%, and 92.82% accuracy, respectively. Because the selected features, optimized parameters, and the related MLA were obtained by investigating for features provided from the PQDs in the whole parameter space, this approach brings the advantages of high accuracy, low D&C complexity, and computing load. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

关键词： Power quality

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Web service discovery with incorporation of web services clustering

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International Journal of computers and Applications 2023年第1期45卷 51-62页

作者： Jalal, Sunita Yadav, Dharmendra Kumar Negi, Chetan Singh Department of Computer Engineering College of Technology GBPUAT Pantnagar India Department of Computer Science and Engineering MNNIT Allahabad Prayagraj India

With the rapid growth and adoption of web-based technologies, more and more service providers offer various services on the web. This can facilitate the organizations to develop business applications using web services composition over the Internet according to their business requirements. The primary requirement for developing composite web service is to discover the most relevant web service for realizing each function of the required composite web service. Finding the most relevant web service is still a challenging task. In this paper, we propose web service discovery approach that incorporates web services clustering. Clustering technique combines latent Dirichlet allocation(LDA) and k-Medoids and reduces search space for web service discovery. Web service discovery uses a match-making algorithm that utilizes WordNet database and Hungarian method to compute the semantic similarity score for a web service based on the requested query. Experimental results show that the proposed approach performs better than LDA-based approach. © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Web services

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