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Composite spectral spatial pixel CNN for land-use hyperspectral image classification with hybrid activation function

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第12期84卷 10527-10550页

作者： Banerjee, Anasua Swain, Satyajit Rout, Minakhi Bandyopadhyay, Mainak School of Computer Engineering Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology-Deemed-to-be-University Bhubaneswar India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Silchar India

Deep learning methods have played a prominent role in the development of computer visualization in recent years. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a popular analytical technique based on spectroscopy and visible imaging which examines the pattern of light in a target and recognizes objects based on varying spectral properties. However, in remote sensing, detecting surface material via HSI analysis is a critical and difficult task. The performance of spectral-spatial data exploitation is well established to outperform typical spectral pixel-wise techniques. Because of its great feature extraction ability, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have emerged as a potent deep learning approach. CNN translates the input features of an image into an equivalent CNN feature map, in addition to naturally combining spectral and spatial information. However, spectral-spatial properties when combined with pixel-wise extraction can learn more minute details of objects present on the earth’s terrain. In this paper, a noble Composite Spectral Spatial Pixel CNN model for the classification of hyperspectral data is presented which is an amalgamation of 3D-2D-1D CNN. While the 3D and 2D CNN exploit the spectral-spatial features effectively, 1D CNN works on pixel-wise feature extraction. Further, to optimize the classification performance of the proposed model, a new hybrid activation function Flatten-T Swish is also used which is the combination of ReLU and Swish function. The proposed model is compared with other state-of-the-art models based on three popular HSI datasets, and it is found that the proposed model performs better among others in terms of classification and computation time, giving 98.87% accuracy for Indian Pines, 99.92% accuracy for Pavia University, and 99.99% accuracy for Salinas Valley dataset. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Extraction

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Comparative Analysis of YOLO Models for Plant Disease Instance Segmentation

Comparative Analysis of YOLO Models for Plant Disease Instan...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on computer Vision and Machine Intelligence, CVMI 2024

作者： Singh, Agamjot Yadav, Aryan Verma, Anshul Rana, Prashant Singh Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Patiala India Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Department of Science Varanasi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376876

Accurate detection and segmentation of plant diseases are essential for sustaining agricultural productivity and global food security. This report conducts a comparative analysis of three state-of-the-art YOLO models-YOLOv5, YOLOv7, and YOLOv8-emphasizing their efficiency in instance segmentation of plant diseases. The research employs a comprehensive dataset featuring various crops like rice, sugarcane, wheat, bell pepper, potato, and tomato, each suffering from different diseases. The methodology includes fine-tuning YOLO models with pretrained weights and optimizing them with the curated *** assessment of performance is based on crucial metrics such as recall, mean average precision (MAP) and precision. YOLOv8 exhibits superior performance, with over 9 0 % average precision across all disease categories, significantly outperforming YOLOv5 and YOLOv7. This report offers detailed insights into the architectural features, training procedures, and evaluation metrics of each model. It also addresses the implications of the findings for practical agricultural applications, highlighting the role of advanced deep learning techniques in improving crop protection and management strategies. Despite the positive results, the report acknowledges limitations like dataset dependency and challenges in real-world deployment. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Agriculture Comparative study Deep learning Plant disease instance segmentation YOLOv5 YOLOv7 YOLOv8

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Refinement modeling and verification of secure operating systems for communication in digital twins

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 304-314页

作者： Zhenjiang Qian Gaofei Sun Xiaoshuang Xing Gaurav Dhiman School of Computer Science and Engineering Changshu Institute of TechnologySuzhou215500China University Centre for Research and Development Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityMohali140413India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be UniversityDehradun248002India

In traditional digital twin communication system testing,we can apply test cases as completely as possible in order to ensure the correctness of the system implementation,and even then,there is no guarantee that the digital twin communication system implementation is completely *** verification is currently recognized as a method to ensure the correctness of software system for communication in digital twins because it uses rigorous mathematical methods to verify the correctness of systems for communication in digital twins and can effectively help system designers determine whether the system is designed and implemented *** this paper,we use the interactive theorem proving tool Isabelle/HOL to construct the formal model of the X86 architecture,and to model the related assembly *** verification result shows that the system states obtained after the operations of relevant assembly instructions is consistent with the expected states,indicating that the system meets the design expectations.

关键词： Theorem proving Isabelle/HOL Formal verification System modeling Correctness verification

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Enhancing patient-independent detection of freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease with deep adversarial network

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年 1-21页

作者： Fahad, Md Shah Ranjan, Ashish Kumar, Gautam Department of Computer Science and Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Jharkhand Ranchi India Department of Computer Science and Engineering C. V. Raman Global University Odisha Bhubaneswar India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Delhi Delhi India

Freezing of gait (FoG) refers to sudden, relatively brief episodes of gait arrest in Parkinson’s disease, known to manifest in the advanced stages of the condition. Events of freezing are associated with tumbles, traumas, and psychological repercussions, significantly impacting the patient’s quality of life. The use of accelerometer data derived from sensors put on a patient’s body to detect FoG has previously been proposed using convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning algorithms. Here, we combine a CNN + Long short-term Memory (LSTM)-attention model to detect FoG episodes—a first for the detection of FoG using the accelerometer data. CNN facilitates automatic feature extraction from the accelerometer data itself. The output from the CNN is fed to the LSTM network, which is known for capturing sequential information. Further, the attention mechanism introduces relative focus on individual sub-sequences during the training of the LSTM network. The proposed model is made patient independent using adversarial training. The proposed model achieved improvements of +7.60% (without adversarial training) and + 8.36% (with adversarial training) in the sensitivity values over state of the art. This is obtained with little or no compromise in specificity values. The corresponding improvements in accuracy values are +3.81 and +2.23%, respectively. These findings imply that the proposed method can detect FoG gaits satisfactorily and can be effective in achieving accurate monitoring and gait assistance for Parkinson’s disease patients during daily life and rehabilitation therapy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Accelerometers

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Memory-enhanced text style transfer with dynamic style learning and calibration

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 181-196页

作者： Fuqiang LIN Yiping SONG Zhiliang TIAN Wangqun CHEN Diwen DONG Bo LIU College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Strategic Assessments and Consultation Institute Academy of Military Sciences

Text style transfer aims to rephrase a sentence to match the desired style while retaining the original content. As a controllable text generation task, mainstream approaches use content-independent style embedding as control variables to guide stylistic generation. Nonetheless, stylistic properties are contextsensitive even under the same style. For example, “delicious” and “helpful” convey positive sentiments,although they are more likely to describe food and people, respectively. Therefore, desired style signals must vary with the content. To this end, we propose a memory-enhanced transfer method, which learns fine-grained style representation concerning content to assist transfer. Rather than employing static style embedding or latent variables, our method abstracts linguistic characteristics from training corpora and memorizes subdivided content with the corresponding style representations. The style signal is dynamically retrieved from memory using the content as a query, providing a more expressive and flexible latent style space. To address the imbalance between quantity and quality in different content, we further introduce a calibration method to augment memory construction by modeling the relationship between candidate *** results obtained using three benchmark datasets confirm the superior performance of our model compared to competitive approaches. The evaluation metrics and case study also indicate that our model can generate diverse stylistic phrases matching context.

关键词： style transfer memory-enhanced method text generation deep learning text representation

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Impact of oxymoron features and deep learning techniques in the detection of sarcastic contents

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Journal of Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems 2024年第4期46卷 9197-9207页

作者： Seethappan, K. Premalatha, K. Department of Computer Science and Engineering University College of Engineering Tamilnadu Ramanathapuram India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Tamilnadu Sathyamangalam India

Even though various features have been investigated in the detection of figurative language, oxymoron features have not been considered in the classification of sarcastic content. The main objective of this work is to present a system that can automatically classify sarcastic phrases in multi-domain data. This multi-domain dataset consisting of 67850 sarcastic and non-sarcastic data is collected from various websites to identify sarcastic or non-sarcastic utterances. Multiple approaches are examined in this work to improve sarcasm identification: 1. A Combination of fasttext embedding, syntactic, semantic, lexical n-gram, and oxymoron features 2. TF-IDF feature weighting scheme 3. Three machine learning algorithms (SVM, Multinomial Naïve Bayes, and Random Forest), three deep learning algorithms (CNN, LSTM, MLP), and one ensemble model (CNN + LSTM) The CNN + LSTM model achieves a Precision of 91.32%, Recall of 92.85%, F-Score of 92.08%, accuracy of 92.01%, and Kappa of 0.84 by combining the fasttext embedding, bigram, syntactic, semantic, and oxymoron features with TF-IDF method. These experimental results show CNN + LSTM with a combination of all features outperforms the other algorithms in classifying the sarcasm in both datasets. The sarcasm classification performance of our dataset and another sarcasm news dataset was compared while applying the above model. © 2024 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Syntactics

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An improved multi-scale convolutional neural network with gated recurrent neural network model for protein secondary structure prediction

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第24期36卷 15063-15074页

作者： Bongirwar, Vrushali Mokhade, A.S. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management Nagpur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology Nagpur India

Protein structure prediction is one of the main research areas in the field of Bio-informatics. The importance of proteins in drug design attracts researchers for finding the accurate tertiary structure of the protein which is dependent on its secondary structure. In this paper, we focus on improving the accuracy of protein secondary structure prediction. To do so, a Multi-scale convolutional neural network with a Gated recurrent neural network (MCNN-GRNN) is proposed. The novel amino acid encoding method along with layered convolutional neural network and Gated recurrent neural network blocks helps to retrieve local and global relationships between features, which in turn effectively classify the input protein sequence into 3 and 8 states. We have evaluated our algorithm on CullPDB, CB513, PDB25, CASP10, CASP11, CASP12, CASP13, and CASP14 datasets. We have compared our algorithm with different state-of-the-art algorithms like DCNN-SS, DCRNN, MUFOLD-SS, DLBLS_SS, and CGAN-PSSP. The Q3 accuracy of the proposed algorithm is 82–87% and Q8 accuracy is 69–77% on different datasets. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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Machine and deep learning techniques for the prediction of diabetics: a review

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第18期84卷 19425-19549页

作者： Modak, Sandip Kumar Singh Jha, Vijay Kumar Department of Computer Science & Engineering Sarala Birla University Jharkhand Ranchi India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Ranchi India

Diabetes has become one of the significant reasons for public sickness and death in worldwide. By 2019, diabetes had affected more than 463 million people worldwide. According to the International Diabetes Federation report, this figure is expected to rise to more than 700 million in 2040, so early screening and diagnosis of diabetes patients have great significance in detecting and treating diabetes on time. Diabetes is a multi factorial metabolic disease, its diagnostic criteria are difficult to cover all the ethology, damage degree, pathogenesis and other factors, so there is a situation for uncertainty and imprecision under various aspects of the medical diagnosis process. With the development of Data mining, researchers find that machine learning and deep learning, playing an important role in diabetes prediction research. This paper is an in-depth study on the application of machine learning and deep learning techniques in the prediction of diabetics. In addition, this paper also discusses the different methodology used in machine and deep learning for prediction of diabetics since last two decades and examines the methods used, to explore their successes and failure. This review would help researchers and practitioners understand the current state-of-the-art methods and identify gaps in the literature. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Data mining

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An arrhythmia classification using a deep learning and optimisation-based methodology

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Journal of Medical engineering and technology 2024年第7期48卷 253-261页

作者： Sharma, Suvita Rani Singh, Birmohan Kaur, Manpreet Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal India Department of Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal India

The work proposes a methodology for five different classes of ECG signals. The methodology utilises moving average filter and discrete wavelet transformation for the remove of baseline wandering and powerline interference. The preprocessed signals are segmented by R peak detection process. Thereafter, the greyscale and scalograms images have been formed. The features of the images are extracted using the EfficientNet-B0 deep learning model. These features are normalised using z-score normalisation method and then optimal features are selected using the hybrid feature selection method. The hybrid feature selection is constructed utilising two filter methods and Self Adaptive Bald Eagle Search (SABES) optimisation algorithm. The proposed methodology has been applied to the ECG signals for the classification of the five types of beats. The methodology acquired 99.31% of accuracy. © 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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A user-adaptive privacy-preserving authentication of IoMT using zero knowledge proofs with ECC

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-32页

作者： Misra, Garima Hazela, Bramah Chaurasia, Brijesh Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amity School of Engineering and Technology Lucknow Amity University Uttar Pradesh India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology Utter Pradesh Kanpur India

The Internet of Things (IoT) has developed into a crucial component for meeting the connection needs of the current smart healthcare systems. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) consists of medical devices that are connected to patients in order to sense their medical parameters and exchange that information with healthcare professionals so they can deliver remote healthcare services. The need to protect the patient’s private information from being misused makes IoMT security an urgent issue that merits further study. Elliptic Curve cryptography (ECC), a popular substitute for traditional public key encryption like RSA, has several advantages. ECC is a prime contender for implementation on constrained devices with confined memory and speed, as well as wireless communication protocols that use low power like IoMT environment. The economic complexity of the current security protocols makes them inappropriate, hence new security protocols must be developed for resource-constrained and diverse IoT networks. This work suggests an authenticated key agreement protocol for the IoMT that is based on elliptic curve encryption based zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) protocols. The proposed mechanism completes in order of milliseconds up to 300 ms for 160 bits. The research will include the comparison between computational delays in traditional protocols and ZKP-ECC protocol. This paper provides a protocol to obtain privacy of data in IoMT environment on the basis of zero knowledge phenomenon and anonymous communication by ZKP-ECC. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Authentication Protocol

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