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IEEE Design and Test 2023年第5期40卷 62-69页

作者： Ahmadpour, Seyed-Sajad Jafari Navimipour, Nima Bahar, Ali Nawaz Mosleh, Mohammad Yalcin, Senay Kadir Has University Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Istanbul34083 Turkey National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Future Technology Research Center Douliou64002 Taiwan SaskatoonS7N 5A9 Canada Islamic Azad University Dezful Branch Department of Computer Engineering Dezful98210 Iran Nisantasi University Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul34398 Turkey

Area overhead and energy consumption continue to dominate the scalability issues of modern digital circuits. In this context, atomic silicon and reversible logic have emerged as suitable alternatives to address both issues. In this article, the authors propose novel nano-scale circuit design with low area and energy overheads using the same. In particular, the authors propose a reversible gate with Miller algorithm and atomic silicon technology. This article is extremely relevant in today’s era, when the world is moving toward low area and low energy circuits for use in edge devices.

关键词： Adders

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A Survey on Image Semantic Segmentation Using Deep Learning Techniques

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1941-1957页

作者： Jieren Cheng Hua Li Dengbo Li Shuai Hua Victor S.Sheng School of Computer Science and Technology Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China School of Cyberspace Security(School of Cryptology) Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China Hainan Blockchain Technology Engineering Research Center Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University TX 79409USA

Image semantic segmentation is an important branch of computer vision of a wide variety of practical applications such as medical image analysis,autonomous driving,virtual or augmented reality,*** recent years,due to the remarkable performance of transformer and multilayer perceptron(MLP)in computer vision,which is equivalent to convolutional neural network(CNN),there has been a substantial amount of image semantic segmentation works aimed at developing different types of deep learning *** survey aims to provide a comprehensive overview of deep learning methods in the field of general image semantic ***,the commonly used image segmentation datasets are ***,extensive pioneering works are deeply studied from multiple perspectives(e.g.,network structures,feature fusion methods,attention mechanisms),and are divided into four categories according to different network architectures:CNN-based architectures,transformer-based architectures,MLP-based architectures,and ***,this paper presents some common evaluation metrics and compares the respective advantages and limitations of popular techniques both in terms of architectural design and their experimental value on the most widely used ***,possible future research directions and challenges are discussed for the reference of other researchers.

关键词： Deep learning semantic segmentation CNN MLP transformer

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Semantic-Aware Pseudo-Labeling for Unsupervised Meta-Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2025年第7期47卷 5475-5488页

作者： Ouyang, Tianran Dong, Xingping Ye, Mang Du, Bo Shao, Ling Shen, Jianbing Wuhan University School of Computer Science National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Network Communication Engineering Wuhan430072 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences UCAS-Terminus AI Lab Beijing101408 China University of Macau State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Computer and Information Science 314100 China

In unsupervised meta-learning, the clustering-based pseudo-labeling approach is an attractive framework, since it is model-agnostic, allowing it to synergize with supervised algorithms to learn from unlabeled data. However, the pseudo-labels suffer from clustering noise and semantic chaos problems, further impacting the effectiveness of meta-learning. In this paper, we analyze and optimize the pseudo-labeling process, including encoding and clustering, aiming to generate semantic-like pseudo-labels to narrow the gap between unsupervised and supervised meta-learning. First, during the encoding, we observe that the embedding space of existing methods lacks clustering-friendly properties, which is the primary reason for clustering noise. To address this issue, we minimize the inter-to-intra-class similarity ratio to generate clustering-friendly embedding features and validate our approach through comprehensive experiments. Then, during the clustering, we find that the semantic quality of pseudo-labels is not adequately controlled, resulting in semantic chaos of pseudo-labels. We propose a semantic-stability index to measure the semantic quality of pseudo-labels quantitatively. Based on this index, we propose the Semantic-aware Pseudo-label Reassignment mechanism to generate semantic-like pseudo-labels for all samples. Our approach is model-agnostic and can easily be integrated into existing supervised methods. To demonstrate its generalization ability, we integrate it into two representative algorithms: MAML and EP. The results on three main few-shot benchmarks clearly show that the proposed method achieves significant improvement compared to state-of-the-art models. Notably, our approach also outperforms the corresponding supervised method in three tasks. © 1979-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Latent semantic analysis

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Sub-terahertz transmissive reconfigurable intelligent surface for integrated beam steering and self-OOK-modulation

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Light(science & Applications) 2025年第1期14卷 131-141页

作者： Dongfang Shen Feng Lan Luyang Wang Tianyang Song Munan Yang Tianyu Hu Yueting Li Xiaolei Nie Jiayao Yang Shixiong Liang Hongxin Zeng Hui-Fang Zhang Pinaki Mazumder Ziqiang Yang Yaxin Zhang Tie Jun Cui Sichuan THz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center School of Electronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou313000China Zhangjiang Laboratory Shanghai201204China School of Microelectronics Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen518100China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA Southeast University Nanjing210096China

Boasting superior flexibility in beam manipulation and a simpler framework than traditional phased arrays,terahertz metasurface-based phased arrays show great promise for 5G-A/6G communication *** with the reflective reconfigurable intelligent surface(reflective RIS),the transmissive RIS(TRIS)offers more feasibility for transceiver multiplexing systems to meet the growing demand for high-performance beam tracking in terahertz communication and radar ***,the terahertz TRIS encounters greater challenges in phase shift,beam efficiency,and complex ***,we propose a sub-terahertz TRIS based on the phase shift via Pancharatnam-Berry(PB)metasurface and self-on-off keying(OOK)modulation via Schottky *** electrically reconfigurable unit cell consists of a column-wise phase resonator and a rectangular *** experimental retrieved equivalent lumped-element circuit model is implemented in joint field-circuit simulations and is validated by experiments.A fabricated prototype demonstrates excellent performance of TRIS with the minimum insertion loss of 2.8 dB for operational states,large bandwidth nearly covering the entire W-band for 1-bit phase shift,deep OOK amplitude modulation of 12 dB,and wide scanning range of±60°with low specular *** further implement an integrated platform combining high-speed beam steering and spatial-light modulation,verifying the point-to-point signal transmissions in different directions using the TRIS *** proposed TRIS with high-performance and cost-effective fabrication makes it a promising solution to terahertz minimalist communication systems,radar,and satellite communication systems.

关键词： reconfigurable reflective resonator

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Determination of Suitable Heats ink Layout for a High-Density Integrated Motor Drive Through an Effective Comparison Method

Determination of Suitable Heats ink Layout for a High-Densit...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Venkata Raghavendra, I. Lyu, Yanda Wang, Fred Chatterjee, Debanjan Cairoli, Pietro The University of Tennessee Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KnoxvilleTN United States Abb Inc Us Corporate Research Center Raleigh United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

Integrated Motor Drives (IMDs), play a pivotal role in the ever-evolving landscape of technological advancements in fields such as electric transportation and industrial environments. IMDs face challenges managing heat dissipation from drive-switching devices, especially due to confined spaces and dynamic loads, intensified by elevated temperatures near motor heat sources. To overcome thermal challenges, Wideband gap devices are crucial for minimizing losses and enabling diverse heatsink layout configurations within natural cooling. This paper introduces a thermal design approach that employs an analytical thermal model to select extruded heatsinks. The heatsink lengths are then fine-tuned to limit device junction temperatures under dynamic load variations across various heatsink layout configurations. The validation of the analytical and CFD models is then demonstrated through experimental setup. Subsequently, for a 2-level VSI device placement, a comparative analysis is conducted on the heatsink designs selected across various layout configurations, with endeavours focused on identifying the layout configuration that gives out the highest power density. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Thermal modeling

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Real-time deep learning-assisted mechano-acoustic system for respiratory diagnosis and multifunctional classification

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npj Flexible Electronics 2024年第1期8卷 192-203页

作者： Hee Kyu Lee Sang Uk Park Sunga Kong Heyin Ryu Hyun Bin Kim SangHoon Lee Danbee Kang Sun Hye Shin Ki Jun Yu Juhee Cho Joohoon Kang Il Yong Chun Hye Yun Park Sang Min Won Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute Samsung Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea Center for Clinical Epidemiology Samsung Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic ScienceSuwonRepublic of Korea

Epidermally mounted sensors using triaxial accelerometers have been previously used to monitor physiological processes with the implementation of machine learning(ML)algorithm *** findings from these previous studies have established a strong foundation for the analysis of highresolution,intricate signals,typically through frequency domain *** this study we integrate a wireless mechano-acoustic sensor with a multi-modal deep learning system for the real-time analysis of signals emitted by the laryngeal prominence area of the thyroid cartilage at frequency ranges up to 1 *** interface provides real-time data visualization and communication with the ML server,creating a system that assesses severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and analyzes the user’s speech patterns.

关键词： system diagnosis mounted

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A Dual-Core Dual-Mode Class-F VCO With Wide Frequency Tuning Range Using Wide Inductance-Switching-Range Inductor

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IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters 2025年第4期35卷 460-463页

作者： Hou, Yaru Li, Runlong Chi, Pei-Ling Yang, Tao University of electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu610036 China Sichuan Province Engineering Research Center for Broadband Microwave Circuit High Density Integration Chengdu610036 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Sichuan Chengdu610054 China National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan

A novel dual-core dual-mode class-F voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with wide frequency tuning range (TR) is proposed in this letter. It consists of two coupled parallel "8"-shaped inductor and two crossed-coupled VCO cores. To increase the TR of the proposed VCO without adding additional footprint size, a single-turn common-mode inductor is embedded inside the "8"-shaped inductor. By controlling the mode switches, the inductor can work in different modes with large inductance difference, realizing large VCO TR consequently. Then, the two coupled inductors were engineered to form the fundamental and third harmonic resonances, respectively, thereby producing a pseudo-square wave output waveform and realizing class-F operation. With the proposed configuration, the phase noise (PN) of the proposed VCO can be significantly reduced without increasing VCO core size. To demonstrate the proposed idea, a VCO prototype is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process with a core size of 1.235×0.8mm. It achieves a wide frequency TR from 2.84 to 7.04 GHz. The measured PN at 1-MHz offset is from -123.9 to -113.1 dBc/Hz, demonstrating an FOMT of 196.0-201.3 dBc/Hz. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Variable frequency oscillators

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Explainable AI for Healthcare: An Approach Towards Interpretable Healthcare Models 24

Explainable AI for Healthcare: An Approach Towards Interpret...

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24th International Arab Conference on Information Technology, ACIT 2023

作者： Zahoor, Kanwal Bawany, Narmeen Zakaria Ghani, Usman Jinnah University for Women Institute of Business Administration Center for Computing Research Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384307

Artificial intelligence (AI) along with deep learning techniques has become an integral part of almost all aspects of life. One of the domains significantly impacted by this technological revolution is healthcare. Deep learning-based AI systems assist clinicians and medical professionals in disease diagnosis, personalized treatment, and monitoring through wearables, among other applications. Despite its expedient integration in healthcare, the trustworthiness of deep learning models remains a concern, primarily due to a lack of understanding of their underlying processes. However, Explainable AI (XAI) offers explanations through various methods, including Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME), Shapley Additive explanation (SHAP), and GRAD-CAM. XAI is utilized to enhance transparency, allowing users to understand and trust AI decisions. In this study, we present deep learning models for the classification of pneumonia disease in Chest X-ray Images followed by their explanations. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and other pre-trained models, including VGG16, MobileNetV3, and ResNet50, were used for classification of images as 'normal' or 'pneumonia'. The VGG16 model, known for its exceptional image understanding capabilities, achieved the highest accuracy, with an impressive 93% score. Further, we used XAI techniques including SHAP, LIME, and Grad-CAM for explanation of models. LIME and Grad-CAM provided more accurate results than SHAP in our experiments. This approach was taken to evaluate the fairness and transparency of the model. The insights gained from XAI can be used to refine and improve machine learning models by identifying areas of weakness or misinterpretation which increases overall model robustness. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning Explainable AI Grad-CAM Healthcare LIME SHAP Transfer learning

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Audio-guided implicit neural representation for local imagestylization

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第6期10卷 1185-1204页

作者： Seung Hyun Lee Sieun Kim Wonmin Byeon Gyeongrok Oh Sumin In Hyeongcheol Park Sang Ho Yoon Sung-Hee Hong Jinkyu Kim Sangpil Kim Department of Artificial Intelligence Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea NVIDIA Research Nvidia CorporationSanta ClaraCA 95051USA Graduate School of Culture Technology KAISTSeoul 34141Republic of Korea Hologram Research Center Korea Electronics Technology InstituteSeoul 03924Republic of Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

We present a novel framework for audio-guided localized image *** often provides information about the specific context of a scene and is closely related to a certain part of the scene or ***,existing image stylization works have focused on stylizing the entire image using an image or text *** a particular part of the image based on audio input is natural but *** work proposes a framework in which a user provides an audio input to localize the target in the input image and another to locally stylize the target object or *** first produce a fine localization map using an audio-visual localization network leveraging CLIP embedding *** then utilize an implicit neural representation(INR)along with the predicted localization map to stylize the target based on sound *** INR manipulates local pixel values to be semantically consistent with the provided audio *** experiments show that the proposed framework outperforms other audio-guided stylization ***,we observe that our method constructs concise localization maps and naturally manipulates the target object or scene in accordance with the given audio input.

关键词： audio guidance image style transfer implicit neural representations(INR)

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Android Malware Detection and Classification using Stacked Machine Learning 4

Android Malware Detection and Classification using Stacked M...

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4th International Conference on Distributed Sensing and Intelligent Systems, ICDSIS 2023

作者： Nawshin, Faria Gad, Radwa Unal, Devrim Suganthan, Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam KINDI Center for Computing Research College of Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Department of Computer Science & Engineering College of Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9781839539954

The widespread use of Android smartphones in daily life can be attributed to the extensive prevalence stemming from the Android OS and the availability of open-source applications. People have become accustomed to performing various tasks, such as online banking transactions, scheduling appointments, attending virtual meetings and classes, and online shopping, on their mobile devices instead of computers. However, the significant use of mobile phones also presents opportunities for attackers to access sensitive and confidential information without the user’s knowledge. Intruders often use malicious applications found on the Google Play Store and other third-party app markets. The increased volume of Android malware in recent years has severely threatened human privacy and security. In this paper, we present a novel solution that utilizes a stacking ensemble machine learning approach to detect whether an application is malware or benign, which achieved 98% accuracy and F1-Score, and to identify the malware category with 96% accuracy and F1-Score. We conducted the experiment on the CCCS-CIC-AndMal-2020 dataset, which comprises 27,125 samples. Static features such as permissions, meta-data, and intents were analyzed, and the performance of standard machine learning algorithms was compared to our proposed model. Our results demonstrate that the stacked ensemble model shows promising results for malware detection (binary classification) and malware type classification (multi-class classification). © 2024 The Author(s).

关键词： Android malware

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