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2023 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops, ICMEW 2023

作者： Wu, Wenhan Hua, Yilei Zheng, Ce Wu, Shiqian Chen, Chen Lu, Aidong University of North Carolina at Charlotte Department of Computer Science United States School of Information Science and Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology China Center for Research in Computer Vision University of Central Florida United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313154

Self-supervised skeleton-based action recognition has attracted more attention in recent years. By utilizing the unlabeled data, more generalizable features can be learned to alleviate the overfitting problem and reduce the demand for massive labeled training data. Inspired by the MAE [1], we propose a spatial-temporal masked autoencoder framework for self-supervised 3D skeleton-based action recognition (SkeletonMAE). Following MAE's masking and reconstruction pipeline, we utilize a skeleton-based encoder-decoder transformer architecture to reconstruct the masked skeleton sequences. A novel masking strategy, named Spatial-Temporal Masking, is introduced in terms of both joint-level and frame-level for the skeleton sequence. This pre-training strategy makes the encoder output generalizable skeleton features with spatial and temporal dependencies. Given the unmasked skeleton sequence, the encoder is fine-tuned for the action recognition task. Extensive experiments show that our SkeletonMAE achieves remarkable performance and outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on both NTU RGB+D 60 and NTU RGB+D 120 datasets. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Learning systems

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Accurate threat hunting in industrial internet of things edge devices

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第5期9卷 1123-1130页

作者： Abbas Yazdinejad Behrouz Zolfaghari Ali Dehghantanha Hadis Karimipour Gautam Srivastava Reza M.Parizi Cyber Science Lab School of Computer ScienceUniversity of GuelphOntarioCanada Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of CalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Brandon UniversityBrandonCanada College of Computing and Software Engineering Kennesaw State UniversityGAUSA Research Center for Interneural Computing China Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirut1102Lebanon

Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)systems depend on a growing number of edge devices such as sensors,controllers,and robots for data collection,transmission,storage,and *** kind of malicious or abnormal function by each of these devices can jeopardize the security of the entire ***,they can allow malicious software installed on end nodes to penetrate the *** paper presents a parallel ensemble model for threat hunting based on anomalies in the behavior of IIoT edge *** proposed model is flexible enough to use several state-of-the-art classifiers as the basic learner and efficiently classifies multi-class anomalies using the Multi-class AdaBoost and majority *** evaluations using a dataset consisting of multi-source normal records and multi-class anomalies demonstrate that our model outperforms existing approaches in terms of accuracy,F1 score,recall,and precision.

关键词： IIoT Threat hunting Edge devices Multi-class anomalies Ensemble methods

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Artificial intelligence in physiological characteristics recognition for internet of things authentication

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 740-755页

作者： Zhimin Zhang Huansheng Ning Fadi Farha Jianguo Ding Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Cyberspace Data Analysis and Applications Beijing100083China Faculty of Informatics Engineering Aleppo UniversityAleppoSyria Department of Computer Science Blekinge Institute of Technology37179KarlskronaSweden Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249-0631USA

Effective user authentication is key to ensuring equipment security,data privacy,and personalized services in Internet of Things(IoT)***,conventional mode-based authentication methods(e.g.,passwords and smart cards)may be vulnerable to a broad range of attacks(e.g.,eavesdropping and side-channel attacks).Hence,there have been attempts to design biometric-based authentication solutions,which rely on physiological and behavioral *** characteristics need continuous monitoring and specific environmental settings,which can be challenging to implement in ***,we can also leverage Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the extraction and classification of physiological characteristics from IoT devices processing to facilitate ***,we review the literature on the use of AI in physiological characteristics recognition pub-lished after *** use the three-layer architecture of the IoT(i.e.,sensing layer,feature layer,and algorithm layer)to guide the discussion of existing approaches and their *** also identify a number of future research opportunities,which will hopefully guide the design of next generation solutions.

关键词： Physiological characteristics recognition Artificial intelligence Internet of things Biological-driven authentication

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An Adaptable Algorithm for Optimizing Bus Line Distribution Using the Clustering Method

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Wireless Personal Communications 2024年第4期134卷 2347-2370页

作者： Sheikhi, Fatemeh Rahmani, Amir Masoud Computer Engineering Department Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan

The current fleet of cars requires reevaluation, upgrades, and replacement in response to the expanding human population, the increase in urban traffic volume, and the elevated levels of air pollution attributed to vehicular emissions. In densely populated cities, bus routes effectively compete with private transportation, optimize user accessibility, and provide access to all urban residents. This study proposes a novel method for optimizing bus routes, encompassing four primary processes: preprocessing, site clustering, ridership prediction, and optimization. The clustering process employs the K-means technique to classify available bus stops based on their geographical information. The suggested method utilizes an artificial neural network model to forecast the number of passengers at different locations. Subsequently, the bee colony optimization algorithm is implemented to determine bus frequencies and achieve an optimal distribution of buses across various traffic lines. Results obtained using a real traffic line dataset indicate a 32% increase in traffic fleet capacity and a 22.33% reduction in passenger waiting time upon application of the proposed method. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Data mining

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Intelligent Personality Assessment and Verification from Handwriting using Machine Learning

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年第7期16卷 4541-4546页

作者： Mishra, Pradeep Kumar Mishra, Gouri Sankar Abidi, Ali Imam Kumar, Rajiv Sahoo, Ashok Kumar Maini, Tarun Department of Computer Science and Application SSET Sharda University Department of Computer Science and Engineering SSET Sharda University NVIDIA AI Learning & amp Research Center Department of Applied Computational Science and Engineering G L Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management Greater Noida Graphic Era Hill University School of Computer Science and Engineering Galgotias University

It is possible to tell a lot about a person just by looking at their handwriting. The way someone writes might tell you a lot about who, they are as a person. There has been a lot of study on the possibility of deducing aspects of a person’s character from their handwriting. In this piece, we’ll look at the different personality qualities and how they might be utilized to make an evaluation. The report includes a dataset showing a correlation between several traits of personality. The Big Five Personality Traits are mapped using handwritten personality data. It was suggested that a comparison table should be used to spot distinctive character quirks. The article includes a review of previous studies and an assessment of the current status of the topic. Handwriting embodies have both creativity and expressiveness. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Agreeableness Conscientiousness Extraversion Neuroticism Openness

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Evolutionary Optimization Methods for High-Dimensional Expensive Problems:A Survey

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1092-1105页

作者： MengChu Zhou Meiji Cui Dian Xu Shuwei Zhu Ziyan Zhao Abdullah Abusorrah Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102 USA School of Information and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China School of Intelligent Manufacturing Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Evolutionary computation is a rapidly evolving field and the related algorithms have been successfully used to solve various real-world optimization *** past decade has also witnessed their fast progress to solve a class of challenging optimization problems called high-dimensional expensive problems(HEPs).The evaluation of their objective fitness requires expensive resource due to their use of time-consuming physical experiments or computer ***,it is hard to traverse the huge search space within reasonable resource as problem dimension *** evolutionary algorithms(EAs)tend to fail to solve HEPs competently because they need to conduct many such expensive evaluations before achieving satisfactory *** reduce such evaluations,many novel surrogate-assisted algorithms emerge to cope with HEPs in recent *** there lacks a thorough review of the state of the art in this specific and important *** paper provides a comprehensive survey of these evolutionary algorithms for *** start with a brief introduction to the research status and the basic concepts of ***,we present surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms for HEPs from four main *** also give comparative results of some representative algorithms and application ***,we indicate open challenges and several promising directions to advance the progress in evolutionary optimization algorithms for HEPs.

关键词： computer optimization evolutionary

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Lasso Regression Model of HSV Color Space Masking vision Based Whole Coffee Bean Processing Agtron Measurement

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Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 2024年第11期30卷 1245-1253页

作者： Lee, Ye Chan Noh, Yi Hyun Noh, Yun Seo Kim, Ju Song Ryu, Kwangyeol Kim, Byeong Hak Department of Industrial Engineering Pusan National University Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pusan National University Korea Republic of AI Research Center for Manufacturing Systems Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Korea Republic of

The rapid increase in coffee consumption has led to a significant expansion in production scale and variety within the agricultural regions of the global coffee belt. Recent coffee harvested in varies specious and processed in various ways, and the functionality of processing equipment is advanced to optimize its quality. In particular, coffee roasting equipment has evolved to incorporate complex structures and advanced electronic, mechanical, and heat/air control technologies for processing harvested green coffee beans. One of the most critical quality factors in the roasting process is the degree of roast, which is measured by the bean color (Agtron) value. The conventional method for Agtron measurement involves grinding the beans and using vision sensors. However, the conventional method shows difficult and time-consuming. The method for measuring the color of whole beans without grinding is simpler, but it has limitations in accuracy due to variations in shading and background images. This study proposes a method to accurately measure the Agtron color of whole coffee beans without grinding. The proposed method employs a preprocessing technique that separates the measurement area from the background area through color histogram analysis. To enhance measurement accuracy, we suggest using a Lasso regression model, which mitigates overfitting problems. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves an improved accuracy compared with traditional regression methods and neural network-based approaches. © ICROS 2024.

关键词： Grinding (machining)

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Mutual Retinex: Combining Transformer and CNN for Image Enhancement

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IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence 2024年第3期8卷 2240-2252页

作者： Jiang, Kui Wang, Qiong An, Zhaoyi Wang, Zheng Zhang, Cong Lin, Chia-Wen Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin150001 China Wuhan University National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan430072 China Wuhan Polytechnic University School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan430024 China National Tsing Hua University Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Images captured in low-light or underwater environments are often accompanied by significant degradation, which can negatively impact the quality and performance of downstream tasks. While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer architectures have made significant progress in computer vision tasks, there are few efforts to harmonize them into a more concise framework for enhancing such images. To this end, this study proposes to aggregate the individual capability of self-attention (SA) and CNNs for accurate perturbation removal while preserving background contents. Based on this, we carry forward a Retinex-based framework, dubbed as Mutual Retinex, where a two-branch structure is designed to characterize the specific knowledge of reflectance and illumination components while removing the perturbation. To maximize its potential, Mutual Retinex is equipped with a new mutual learning mechanism, involving an elaborately designed mutual representation module (MRM). In MRM, the complementary information between reflectance and illumination components are encoded and used to refine each other. Through the complementary learning via the mutual representation, the enhanced results generated by our model exhibit superior color consistency and naturalness. Extensive experiments have shown the significant superiority of our mutual learning based method over thirteen competitors on the low-light task and ten methods on the underwater image enhancement task. In particular, our proposed Mutual Retinex respectively surpasses the state-of-the-art method MIRNet-v2 by 0.90 dB and 2.46 dB in PSNR on the LOL 1000 and FIVEK datasets, while with only 19.8% model parameters. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Intelligent Crowd Density Classification Using Improved Metaheuristics with Transfer Learning Model on Smart Cities

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SN computer science 2024年第8期5卷 1064页

作者： Ahmad, Sultan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj 11942 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering University Center for Research and Development (UCRD) Chandigarh University Punjab Gharuan Mohali 140413 India

As a part of smart city schemes, many governments are developed intelligent methods to improve the quality of living by offering them intelligent services to enhance sustainability, livability, and workability. These intelligent methods gathered massive data counts, provide more opportunities for governments for analysing these data, and create data-driven decisions. Video surveillance in smart cities offers efficacy in city activities, safe society, and enhanced municipal services. Crowd density analysis is a most commonly used applications of object recognition, but crowd density classifying approaches face difficulties including non-uniform density, inter-scene deviation, intra-scene deviation, and occlusion. Therefore, this study develops an Intelligent Crowd Density Classification using Improved Metaheuristics with Transfer Learning (ICDC-IMTL) model on smart cities. In the presented ICDC-IMTL technique, the major aim is to recognize various kinds of crowd densities efficiently. To achieve this, the ICDC-IMTL technique makes use of the Guided filtering (GF) approach to preprocess the input images. The ICDC-IMTL algorithm exploits a neural architectural search network (NASNet) model and the hyperparameter tuning process is done by the improved artificial flora algorithm (IAFA) for feature extraction purposes. At last, the multilayer extreme learning machine (MLELM) model is applied for the crowd classification into distinct types. The stimulation validation of the ICDC-IMTL approach takes place on a crowd dataset comprising four distinct classes. The series of experiments highlighted the betterment of ICDC-IMTL algorithm over other existing DL technique. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Crowd density analysis Intelligent systems Smart cities Transfer learning Video surveillance

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Unveiling anomalies: transformative insights from transformer-based autoencoder models

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International Journal of computers and Applications 2025年第1期47卷 29-44页

作者： Dehkordi, Sajad Balali Nasri, Saeed Dami, Sina Department of Electrical Engineering Najaf Abad Branch Islamic Azad University Najaf Abad Iran Digital Processing and Machine Vision Research Center Najaf Abad Branch Islamic Azad University Najaf Abad Iran Department of Computer Engineering West Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran

Nowadays, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) play a critical role in safeguarding networks by identifying and mitigating unauthorized access and malicious activities, yet face challenges in accurately detecting sophisticated threats while minimizing false positives. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of a Transformer-based Autoencoder model for network intrusion detection using the NSL-KDD dataset. We evaluate the model's anomaly detection performance based on key metrics such as Mean Squared Error (MSE), Precision-Recall Area Under Curve (AUC), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) on the test set. Our findings reveal promising results, with the model achieving low MSE, high AUC, and relatively low RMSE values, indicating its effectiveness in detecting anomalies. Additionally, we provide an in-depth examination of the model architecture, highlighting the role of encoder and decoder layers, dropout regularization, and optimization techniques such as Adam optimizer. Our analysis sheds light on the efficacy of Transformer-based Autoencoder models for network intrusion detection tasks, offering insights into their architectural design and performance evaluation. The novelty of this study lies in the implementation of a Transformer-based Autoencoder architecture for network intrusion detection, showcasing its superior performance in anomaly detection compared to traditional methods. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Network intrusion

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