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Maximal Quantum Interaction between Free Electrons and Photons

Physical Review Letters 2025年第4期134卷 043803-043803页

作者： Zetao Xie Zeling Chen Hao Li Qinghui Yan Hongsheng Chen Xiao Lin Ido Kaminer Owen D. Miller Yi Yang Department of Physics and HK Institute of Quantum Science and Technology The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong China Z. X. and Z. C. contributed equally to this Letter. Department of Applied Physics and Energy Sciences Institute Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Solid State Institute and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology 32000 Haifa Israel

The emerging field of free-electron quantum optics enables electron-photon entanglement and holds the potential for generating nontrivial photon states for quantum information processing. Although recent experimental studies have entered the quantum regime, rapid theoretical developments predict that qualitatively unique phenomena only emerge beyond a certain interaction strength. It is thus pertinent to identify the maximal electron-photon interaction strength and the materials, geometries, and particle energies that enable one to approach it. We derive an upper limit to the quantum vacuum interaction strength between free electrons and single-mode photons, which illuminates the conditions for the strongest interaction. Crucially, we obtain an explicit energy selection recipe for electrons and photons to achieve maximal interaction at arbitrary separations and identify two optimal regimes favoring either fast or slow electrons over those with intermediate velocities. We validate the limit by analytical and numerical calculations on canonical geometries and provide near-optimal designs indicating the feasibility of strong quantum interactions. Our findings offer fundamental intuition for maximizing the quantum interaction between free electrons and photons and provide practical design rules for future experiments on electron-photon and electron-mediated photon-photon entanglement. They should also enable the evaluation of key metrics for applications such as the maximum power of free-electron radiation sources and the maximum acceleration gradient of dielectric laser accelerators.

关键词： Quantum optics

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An Integration Of Wireless Communications And Artificial Intelligence For Autonomous Vehicles

An Integration Of Wireless Communications And Artificial Int...

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Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in engineering (ICACITE), International Conference on

作者： Kadambari Raghuram Ibrahim Altarawni Vijayalakshmi K Ajay Kumar Abhijeetsinh Jadeja Pankaj Chanda Department of Computer Science and Engineering University College of Engineering Kakinada(Autonomous) JNTUK Kakinada Andhra Pradesh Applied Computing and Artificial Intelligent Department Aqaba University of Technology Aqaba SRMIST Ramapuram Campus IT Academics iNurture Education Solution Pvt. Ltd Delhi Faculty Of Computer Science Shri C.J. Patel College Of Computer Studies Sankalchand Patel University Dept of Information Technology Guru Ghasi Das Viswavidyalaya Bilaspur Chattisgarh

The pinnacle of transportation is the development of autonomous driving, which, with the help of CAVs and related traffic management systems, can eventually lead to congestion- and accident-free driving. This vision has as of late prodded extraordinary examination interest in fields including IoV, LTE-V2X, and 5G. In any case, the huge volume of traffic information that CAVs produce makes issues for both the current organizations and the approaching 5G correspondence organizations. For outside network innovations, the VMBS fills in as both a client hub and an edge processing hub. For CAVs, it fills in as a base station and a data caching hub, melding correspondence and calculation. People offer both the VMBS-empowered handset and figuring for CAVs as well as the VMBS-helped wireless innovation for other wireless gadgets to achieve this. It is underlined and addressed that there are a number of research obstacles and open questions. Last but not least, the results of the simulation show that the planned VMBS-CCNA may significantly enhance throughput, latency, and the average amount of links.

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State Estimation Methods for Continuous-Discrete Nonlinear Systems involving Stochastic Differential Equations

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Nielsen, Marcus Krogh Ritschel, Tobias K.S. Christensen, Ib Dragheim, Jess Huusom, Jakob Kjøbsted Gernaey, Krist V. Jørgensen, John Bagterp The Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science The Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Technical University of Denmark Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800 Denmark Unibio A/S RoskildeDK-4000 Denmark

In this work, we present methods for state estimation in continuous-discrete nonlinear systems involving stochastic differential equations. We present the extended Kalman filter, the unscented Kalman filter, the ensemble Kalman filter, and a particle filter. We implement the state estimation methods in Matlab. We evaluate the performance of the methods on a simulation of the modified four-tank system. We implement the state estimation methods for non-stiff systems, i.e., using an explicit numerical integration scheme. The implementation of the extended Kalman filter utilises the Joseph stabilising form for numerical stability. We evaluate the accuracy of the state estimation methods in terms of the mean absolute percentage error over the simulation horizon. We show that each method successfully estimates the states and unmeasured disturbances of the simulated modified four-tank system. Finally, we present conclusions. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Extended Kalman filters

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Quantum dichotomies and coherent thermodynamics beyond first-order asymptotics

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lipka-Bartosik, Patryk Chubb, Christopher T. Renes, Joseph M. Tomamichel, Marco Korzekwa, Kamil Department of Applied Physics University of Geneva Geneva1211 Switzerland Institute for Theoretical Physics ETH Zurich Zürich8093 Switzerland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore117543 Singapore Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Kraków30-348 Poland

We address the problem of exact and approximate transformation of quantum dichotomies in the asymptotic regime, i.e., the existence of a quantum channel E mapping (Equation presented) into (Equation presented) with an error ϵn (measured by trace distance) and (Equation presented) into (Equation presented) exactly, for a large number n. We derive second-order asymptotic expressions for the optimal transformation rate Rn in the small, moderate, and large deviation error regimes, as well as the zero-error regime, for an arbitrary pair (ρ1,σ1) of initial states and a commuting pair (ρ2,σ2) of final states. We also prove that for σ1 and σ2 given by thermal Gibbs states, the derived optimal transformation rates in the first three regimes can be attained by thermal operations. This allows us, for the first time, to study the second-order asymptotics of thermodynamic state interconversion with fully general initial states that may have coherence between different energy eigenspaces. Thus, we discuss the optimal performance of thermodynamic protocols with coherent inputs and describe three novel resonance phenomena allowing one to significantly reduce transformation errors induced by finite-size effects. What is more, our result on quantum dichotomies can also be used to obtain, up to second-order asymptotic terms, optimal conversion rates between pure bipartite entangled states under local operations and classical communication. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermodynamics

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A GA-based Data Sanitization for Hiding Sensitive Information with Multi-Thresholds Constraint 1

A GA-based Data Sanitization for Hiding Sensitive Informatio...

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1st International Conference on Pervasive Artificial Intelligence, ICPAI 2020

作者： Wu, Jimmy Ming-Tai Srivastava, Gautam Pirouz, Matin Lin, Jerry Chun-Wei Shandong University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering China Brandon University Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Brandon Canada California State University Department of Computer Science Fresno United States Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Department of Computer Science Electrical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Bergen Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9781665404839

In this work, we propose a new concept of multiple support thresholds to sanitize the database for specific sensitive itemsets. The proposed method assigns a stricter threshold to the sensitive itemset for data sanitization. Furthermore, a genetic-algorithm (GA)-based model is involved in the designed algorithm to minimize side effects. In our experimental results, the GA-based PPDM approach is compared with traditional compact GA-based model and results clearly showed that our proposed method can obtain better performance with less computational cost. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Eco-Friendly Transparent Silk Fibroin Radiative Cooling Film for Thermal Management of Optoelectronics

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Advanced Functional Materials 2023年第33期33卷

作者： Chen, Yu-Hsuan Hwang, Ching-Wen Chang, Sih-Wei Tsai, Meng-Ting Jayakumaran, Kavya Nair Yang, Ling-Chu Lo, Yu-Chieh Ko, Fu-Hsiang Wang, Hsueh-Cheng Chen, Hsuen-Li Wan, Dehui Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

Although transparent radiative cooling is a passive cooling strategy with practical applications and aesthetic appeal, complex manufacturing processes and the use of environmentally unfriendly thermal emitters remain latent problems. Herein, eco-friendly transparent silk radiative cooling (TSRC) films are developed, regenerated from natural silkworm cocoons, for zero-energy-consumption thermal management of optoelectronic devices. These TSRC films can dissipate heat radiatively through molecular vibrations of the protein backbone and side chains, while retaining the function and appearance of the associated devices, due to their high visible transparency. Theoretical and experimental investigations revealed that the thermal emission increases rapidly upon increasing the film thickness, but slowly thereafter achieves saturation;nevertheless, the intrinsic solar absorption of silk in the ultraviolet and near-infrared regions also grows linearly, unavoidably weakening the cooling effect. After spectroscopic optimization, the maximum cooling power during the daytime and nighttime is improved to 77.6 and 101.7 W m−2, respectively. Gratifyingly, the films have a remarkable effect on the cooling performance of electronic devices under sunlight. For example, the TSRC film provides a temperature drop of 5.1 °C for a smartphone during multitasking and charging, and 14 °C for a silicon solar panel with an improvement in the photoelectronic conversion efficiency (≈7%). © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Temperature control

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Random Features Hopfield Networks generalize retrieval to previously unseen examples

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kalaj, Silvio Lauditi, Clarissa Perugini, Gabriele Lucibello, Carlo Malatesta, Enrico M. Negri, Matteo University of Rome 'La Sapienza' Department of Physics Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 Roma00185 Italy Department of Applied Math John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Computing Sciences Bocconi University Milano20136 Italy Institute for Data Science and Analytics Bocconi University Milano20136 Italy CNR-NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology Rome Unit Piazzale Aldo Moro Roma00185 Italy

It has been recently shown that a learning transition happens when a Hopfield Network stores examples generated as superpositions of random features, where new attractors corresponding to such features appear in the model. In this work we reveal that the network also develops attractors corresponding to previously unseen examples generated with the same set of features. We explain this surprising behaviour in terms of spurious states of the learned features: we argue that, increasing the number of stored examples beyond the learning transition, the model also learns to mix the features to represent both stored and previously unseen examples. We support this claim with the computation of the phase diagram of the model. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Federated Learning for Distributed Optimal Power Flow Solutions in Smart Grids

Federated Learning for Distributed Optimal Power Flow Soluti...

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International Conference on Power Energy, Environment and Intelligent Control (PEEIC)

作者： BK Aishwarya K Shekar Revathi V Jay Singh Navdeep Singh Hayder Saadoon Abdulaali Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Hyderabad Department of Computer Science and Engineering MLR Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana India Department of Applied Sciences New Horizon College of Engineering Bangalore Dept. of EEE GL Bajaj Institute of Technology & Management Greater Noida U.P. India Lovely Professional University Phagwara College of Engineering Technology National University of Science and Technology Dhi Qar Iraq

The rapid evolution of smart grids has necessitated the development of advanced computational techniques to ensure efficient and reliable power distribution. This paper introduces a novel approach to solving the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem by leveraging Federated Learning (FL) - a decentralized machine learning paradigm. Traditional centralized methods for OPF solutions often face scalability issues and data privacy concerns when applied to large-scale, distributed smart grids. The proposed FL-based method addresses these challenges by allowing individual grid nodes to locally compute model updates without sharing raw data. This not only preserves data privacy but also reduces the communication overhead. The paper presents a comprehensive mathematical formulation of the FL-based OPF problem, followed by a detailed analysis of its convergence properties and computational efficiency. Comparative studies with conventional methods demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach in terms of accuracy, speed, and scalability. The findings suggest that FL can serve as a robust framework for distributed OPF solutions, paving the way for more resilient and efficient smart grid operations.

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Machine Learning Techniques for Human Age and Gender Identification Based on Teeth X-Ray Images

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Journal of Healthcare engineering 2022年 2022卷 8302674页

作者： Santosh, K.C. Pradeep, Nijalingappa Goel, Vikas Ranjan, Raju Pandey, Ekta Shukla, Piyush Kumar Nuagah, Stephen Jeswinde CSandE Department Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology Karnataka Davangere India Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad201206 India School of Computing Science and Engineering Galgotias University Uttar Pradesh Greater Noida India Applied Science Department Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and Technology Uttar Pradesh Jhansi India Computer Science and Engineering Department University Institute of Technology Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya Technological University of Madhya Pradesh Bhopal462033 India Department of Electrical Engineering Tamale Technical University Tamale Ghana

The use of digital medical images is increasing with advanced computational power that has immensely contributed to developing more sophisticated machine learning techniques. Determination of age and gender of individuals was manually performed by forensic experts by their professional skills, which may take a few days to generate results. A fully automated system was developed that identifies the gender of humans and age based on digital images of teeth. Since teeth are a strong and unique part of the human body that exhibits least subject to risk in natural structure and remains unchanged for a longer duration, the process of identification of gender- and age-related information from human beings is systematically carried out by analyzing OPG (orthopantomogram) images. A total of 1142 digital X-ray images of teeth were obtained from dental colleges from the population of the middle-east part of Karnataka state in India. 80% of the digital images were considered for training purposes, and the remaining 20% of teeth images were for the testing cases. The proposed gender and age determination system finds its application widely in the forensic field to predict results quickly and accurately. The prediction system was carried out using Multiclass SVM (MSVM) classifier algorithm for age estimation and LIBSVM classifier for gender prediction, and 96% of accuracy was achieved from the system. © 2022 K. C. Santosh et al.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Ameliorated Golden Jackal Optimization (Agjo) with Enhanced Movement and Multi-Angle Position Updating Strategy

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wahab, Magd Abdel Bai, Jianfu Khatir, Samir Abualigah, Laith Soete Laboratory Department of Electrical Energy Metals Mechanical Constructions and Systems Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Ghent University Belgium Computer Science Department Prince Hussein Bin Abdullah Faculty for Information Technology Al al-Bayt University Mafraq25113 Jordan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University Byblos13-5053 Lebanon Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman19328 Jordan MEU Research Unit Middle East University Amman11831 Jordan Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman11931 Jordan School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang11800 Malaysia School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Malaysia Petaling Jaya27500 Malaysia College of Engineering Yuan Ze University Taiwan

Golden jackal optimization (GJO), a lately published meta-heuristic optimization algorithm, is inspired by the foraging behavior of pairs of golden jackals and shows an acceptable optimization performance. However, GJO exists a shortage in balancing exploration and exploitation, as it completely focused on exploitation in the later iterations. This study proposes a new variant of GJO, named Ameliorated Golden jackal optimization (AGJO). AGJO uses three strategies to alleviate the imbalance between the exploration and exploitation of GJO: the enhanced movement strategy, the global search strategy, and the multi-angle position update strategy for prey. An environmental disturbance factor is added to the third strategy to strengthen GJO's ability to evade the local optimal solution. The performance of AGJO is tested and compared with GJO and seven well-known meta-heuristic algorithms for 23 classical benchmark functions, CEC 2017 and CEC 2019. These results determined that AGJO performs better over 90% of these functions compared to GJO. AGJO is also highly competitive in terms of optimization capability and convergence speed compared with other algorithms. Finally, AGJO is applied to optimize five engineering design problems with constraints. Results show that AGJO is a more potential algorithm for solving real problems with constraints than GJO and other algorithms. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optimization

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