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Enhancing Early Detection of Lung Cancer through Advanced Image Processing Techniques and Deep Learning Architectures for CT Scans

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 271-307页

作者： Nahed Tawfik Heba M.Emara Walid El-Shafai Naglaa F.Soliman Abeer D.Algarni Fathi EAbd El-Samie Computers and Systems Department Electronics Research InstituteEl NozhaHuckstep Cairo12622Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science DepartmentPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia

Lung cancer remains a major concern in modern oncology due to its high mortality rates and multifaceted origins,including hereditary factors and various clinical *** stands as the deadliest type of cancer and a significant cause of cancer-related deaths *** diagnosis enables healthcare providers to administer appropriate treatment measures promptly and accurately,leading to improved prognosis and higher survival *** significant increase in both the incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer,particularly its ranking as the second most prevalent cancer among women worldwide,underscores the need for comprehensive research into efficient screening *** in diagnostic techniques,particularly the use of computed tomography(CT)scans,have revolutionized the identification of lung *** scans are renowned for their ability to provide high-resolution images and are particularly effective in detecting small,calcified areas,crucial for identifying earlystage lung ***,there is growing interest in enhancing computer-aided detection(CAD)*** algorithms assist radiologists by reducing false-positive interpretations and improving the accuracy of early cancer *** study aims to enhance the effectiveness of CAD systems through various ***,the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization(CLAHE)algorithm is employed to preprocess CT scan images,thereby improving their visual *** refinement is achieved by integrating different optimization strategies with the CLAHE *** CutMix data augmentation technique is applied to boost the performance of the proposed model.A comparative analysis is conducted using deep learning architectures such as InceptionV3,ResNet101,Xception,and *** study evaluates the performance of these architectures in image classification tasks,both with and without the implementation of the CLAHE *** empirical findings of the study demonst

关键词： Lung cancer detection CLAHE algorithm optimization deep learning classification feature extraction healthcare applications

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Privacy preserving large language models: ChatGPT case study based vision and framework

IET Blockchain

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IET Blockchain 2024年第S1期4卷 706-724页

作者： Ullah, Imdad Hassan, Najm Gill, Sukhpal Singh Suleiman, Basem Ahanger, Tariq Ahamed Shah, Zawar Qadir, Junaid Kanhere, Salil S. School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering The University of Sydney SydneyNSW Australia Higher Colleges of Technology Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom Management Information Systems Department College of Business Administration Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Sydney International School of Technology and Commerce SydneyNSW Australia Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Qatar University Doha Qatar Sydney Australia

The generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools based on Large Language Models (LLMs) use billions of parameters to extensively analyse large datasets and extract critical information such as context, specific details, identifying information, use this information in the training process, and generate responses for the requested queries. The extracted data also contain sensitive information, seriously threatening user privacy and reluctance to use such tools. This article proposes the conceptual model called PrivChatGPT, a privacy-preserving model for LLMs consisting of two main components, that is, preserving user privacy during the data curation/pre-processing and preserving private context and the private training process for large-scale data. To demonstrate the applicability of PrivChatGPT, it is shown how a private mechanism could be integrated into the existing model for training LLMs to protect user privacy;specifically, differential privacy and private training using Reinforcement Learning (RL) were employed. The privacy level probabilities are associated with the document contents, including the private contextual information, and with metadata, which is used to evaluate the disclosure probability loss for an individual's private information. The privacy loss is measured and the measure of uncertainty or randomness is evaluated using entropy once differential privacy is applied. It recursively evaluates the level of privacy guarantees and the uncertainty of public databases and resources during each update when new information is added for training purposes. To critically evaluate the use of differential privacy for private LLMs, other mechanisms were hypothetically compared such as Blockchain, private information retrieval, randomisation, obfuscation, anonymisation, and the use of Tor for various performance measures such as the model performance and accuracy, computational complexity, privacy vs. utility, training latency, vulnerability to attacks, and

关键词： Blockchain

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Using Deep Learning Models for COVID-19 Related Sentiment Analysis on Twitter Data

Using Deep Learning Models for COVID-19 Related Sentiment An...

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2023 Human-Centered Cognitive systems, HCCS 2023

作者： Bangyal, Waqas Haider Amina, Saeeda Shakir, Rabia Ubakanma, George Iqbal, Muddesar Department of Computer Science Murree Pakistan Department of Computer Science Sialkot Pakistan Fuuast Department of Computer Science Islamabad Pakistan London South Bank University School of Engineering School of Engineering Cognitive Systems Research Centre United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359183

The significance of sentiment analysis has increased in modern times due to the extensive use of social media platforms as a medium for individuals to express their opinions. Twitter is widely acknowledged as a popular social media site mostly used for microblogging. People often voice their opinions on current events, making it challenging for researchers to accurately classify the mood expressed in these opinions. This research study presents a novel and efficient method for identifying and detecting false or misleading information pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic. The dataset including artificially created news stories is obtained from a collection of texts and processed via the cycle of natural language processing (NLP). For this research study, three advanced deep learning models were used to predict the emotion of news items, accurately differentiating between genuine and fraudulent ones. This study utilizes Convolutional Neural Networks, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) as deep learning classifiers. Subsequently, it compares the outcomes achieved from these classifiers. The findings suggest that the BiGRU deep learning classifier has exceptional accuracy and efficiency, achieving a remarkable accuracy rate of 91%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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Framework for Effective Utilization of Distributed Scrum in Software Projects

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computer systems science & engineering 2023年第1期44卷 407-422页

作者： Basit Shahzad Wardah Naeem Awan Fazal-e-Amin Ahsanullah Abro Muhammad Shoaib Sultan Alyahya Department of Software Engineering National University of Modern LanguagesIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Sukkur IBA UniversitySindh65200Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

There is an emerging interest in using agile methodologies in Global Software Development(GSD)to get the mutual benefits of both *** is currently admired by many development teams as an agile most known meth-odology and considered adequate for collocated *** the same time,stake-holders in GSD are dispersed by geographical,temporal,and socio-cultural *** to the controversial nature of Scrum and GSD,many significant challenges arise that might restrict the use of Scrum in *** conducted a Sys-tematic Literature Review(SLR)by following Kitchenham guidelines to identify the challenges that limit the use of Scrum in GSD and to explore the mitigation strategies adopted by practitioners to resolve the *** validate our reviewfindings,we conducted an industrial survey of 305 *** results of our study are consolidated into a research *** framework represents current best practices and recommendations to mitigate the identified distributed scrum challenges and is validated byfive experts of distributed *** of the expert review were found supportive,reflecting that the framework will help the stakeholders deliver sustainable products by effectively mitigating the identified challenges.

关键词： Global software development distributed Scrum sustainable development challenges mitigation strategies

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Cross-Modality Gait Recognition: Bridging LiDAR and Camera Modalities for Human Identification 18

Cross-Modality Gait Recognition: Bridging LiDAR and Camera M...

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18th IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics, IJCB 2024

作者： Wang, Rui Shen, Chuanfu Marin-Jimenez, Manuel J. Huang, George Q. Yu, Shiqi Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering China The University of Hong Kong Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering Hong Kong University of Cordoba Department of Computing and Numerical Analysis Spain The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364132

Current gait recognition research mainly focuses on identifying pedestrians captured by the same type of sensor, neglecting the fact that individuals may be captured by different sensors in order to adapt to various environments. A more practical approach should involve cross-modality matching across different sensors. Hence, this paper focuses on investigating the problem of cross-modality gait recognition, with the objective of accurately identifying pedestrians across diverse vision sensors. We present CrossGait inspired by the feature alignment strategy, capable of cross retrieving diverse data modalities. Specifically, we investigate the cross-modality recognition task by initially extracting features within each modality and subsequently aligning these features across modalities. To further enhance the cross-modality performance, we propose a Prototypical Modality-shared Attention Module that learns modality-shared features from two modality-specific features. Additionally, we design a Cross-modality Feature Adapter that transforms the learned modality-specific features into a unified feature space. Extensive experiments conducted on the SUSTech1K dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of CrossGait: (1) it exhibits promising cross-modality ability in retrieving pedestrians across various modalities from different sensors in diverse scenes, and (2) CrossGait not only learns modality-shared features for cross-modality gait recognition but also maintains modality-specific features for single-modality recognition. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Unattended sensors

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Brain Tumor Diagnosis Using Sparrow Search Algorithm Based Deep Learning Model

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computer systems science & engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1793-1806页

作者： G.Ignisha Rajathi R.Ramesh Kumar D.Ravikumar T.Joel Seifedine Kadry Chang-Won Jeong Yunyoung Nam Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641008India Department of Information Technology Sri Krishna College of TechnologyCoimbatore641008India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kings Engineering CollegeChennai602117India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering R.M.K.Engineering CollegeChennai601206India Deparmtent of Applied Data Science Noroff University CollegeKristiansandNorway Medical Convergence Research Center Wonkwang UniversityIksanKorea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanKorea

Recently,Internet of Medical Things(IoMT)has gained considerable attention to provide improved healthcare services to *** earlier diag-nosis of brain tumor(BT)using medical imaging becomes an essential task,auto-mated IoMT and cloud enabled BT diagnosis model can be devised using recent deep learning *** this motivation,this paper introduces a novel IoMT and cloud enabled BT diagnosis model,named *** IoMTC-HDBT model comprises the data acquisition process by the use of IoMT devices which captures the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)brain images and transmit them to the cloud ***,adaptive windowﬁltering(AWF)based image preprocessing is used to remove *** addition,the cloud server executes the disease diagnosis model which includes the sparrow search algorithm(SSA)with GoogleNet(SSA-GN)*** IoMTC-HDBT model applies functional link neural network(FLNN),which has the ability to detect and classify the MRI brain images as normal or ***ﬁnds useful to generate the reports instantly for patients located in remote *** validation of the IoMTC-HDBT model takes place against BRATS2015 Challenge dataset and the experimental analysis is car-ried out interms of sensitivity,accuracy,and speciﬁ*** experimentation out-come pointed out the betterment of the proposed model with the accuracy of 0.984.

关键词： Internet of medical things healthcare brain tumor disease classiﬁcation deep learning metaheuristics

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An Improved Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Routing on MANET

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computer systems science & engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1187-1200页

作者： G.Rajeshkumar M.Vinoth Kumar K.Sailaja Kumar Surbhi Bhatia Arwa Mashat Pankaj Dadheech Department of Computer Science and Engineering Erode Sengunthar Engineering CollegePerunduraiErode638057Tamil NaduIndia Department of Information Science and Engineering Dayananda Sagar Academy of Technology and ManagementBangalore560082India Department of Master of Computer Applications M.S.Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBangalore560054India Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversityRiyadh11533Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityRabigh21911Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of TechnologyManagement&GramothanJaipur302017RajasthanIndia

A Mobile Ad hoc Network(MANET)is a group of low-power con-sumption of wireless mobile nodes that conﬁgure a wireless network without the assistance of any existing infrastructure/centralized *** primary aim of MANETs is to extendﬂexibility into the self-directed,mobile,and wireless domain,in which a cluster of autonomous nodes forms a MANET routing *** Intrusion Detection System(IDS)is a tool that examines a network for mal-icious behavior/policy violations.A network monitoring system is often used to report/gather any suspicious attacks/*** IDS is a software program or hardware system that monitors network/security trafﬁc for malicious attacks,sending out alerts whenever it detects malicious *** impact of Dynamic Source Routing(DSR)in MANETs challenging blackhole attack is investigated in this research *** Cluster Trust Adaptive Acknowledgement(CTAA)method is used to identify unauthorised and malfunctioning nodes in a MANET *** system is active and provides successful delivery of a data packet,which implements Kalman Filters(KF)to anticipate node ***,KF is used to eliminate synchronisation errors that arise during the sending and receiving *** order to provide an energy-efﬁcient solution and to minimize network trafﬁc,route optimization in MANET by using Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization(MOPSO)technique to determine the optimal num-ber of clustered MANET along with energy dissipation in *** to the researchﬁndings,the proposed CTAA-MPSO achieves a Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR)of 3.3%.In MANET,the PDR of CTAA-MPSO improves CTAA-PSO by 3.5%at 30%malware.

关键词： MANET intrusion detection system cluster kalmanﬁlter dynamic source routing multi-objective particle swarm optimization packet delivery ratio

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AMulti-Layers Information Fused Deep Architecture for Skin Cancer Classification in Smart Healthcare

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第6期83卷 5299-5321页

作者： Veena Dillshad Muhammad Attique Khan Muhammad Nazir Jawad Ahmad Dina Abdulaziz AlHammadi Taha Houda Hee-Chan Cho Byoungchol Chang Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan Department of Artificial Intelligence College of Computer Engineering and SciencePrince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityAl-Khobar31952Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Center for Computational Social Science Hanyang UniversitySeoul01000Republic of Korea Department of Computer Science Hanynag UniversitySeoul01000Republic of Korea

Globally,skin cancer is a prevalent form of malignancy,and its early and accurate diagnosis is critical for patient *** evaluation of skin lesions is essential,but several challenges,such as long waiting times and subjective interpretations,make this task *** recent advancement of deep learning in healthcare has shownmuch success in diagnosing and classifying skin cancer and has assisted dermatologists in *** learning improves the speed and precision of skin cancer diagnosis,leading to earlier prediction and *** this work,we proposed a novel deep architecture for skin cancer classification in innovative *** proposed framework performed data augmentation at the first step to resolve the imbalance issue in the selected *** proposed architecture is based on two customized,innovative Convolutional neural network(CNN)models based on small depth and filter *** the first model,four residual blocks are added in a squeezed fashion with a small filter *** the second model,five residual blocks are added with smaller depth and more useful weight information of the lesion *** make models more useful,we selected the hyperparameters through Bayesian Optimization,in which the learning rate is *** training the proposed models,deep features are extracted and fused using a novel information entropy-controlled Euclidean Distance *** final features are passed on to the classifiers,and classification results are ***,the proposed trained model is interpreted through LIME-based localization on the HAM10000 *** experimental process of the proposed architecture is performed on two dermoscopic datasets,HAM10000 and *** obtained an improved accuracy of 90.8%and 99.3%on these datasets,***,the proposed architecture returned 91.6%for the cancer *** conclusion,the proposed architecture accuracy is compared with several pre-trained and state-of-the-art

关键词： Smart health skin cancer internet of things deep learning residual blocks fusion optimization

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Towards Securing Water systems Communications from Adversarial Attacks using AI Assurance 5

Towards Securing Water Systems Communications from Adversari...

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5th IEEE Middle East and North Africa COMMunications Conference, MENACOMM 2025

作者： Yardimci, Mehmet Oguz Batarseh, Feras A. Virginia Tech Department of Computer Science ArlingtonVA United States Virginia Tech Department of Biological Systems Engineering ArlingtonVA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519957

Water systems are increasingly susceptible to cyberattacks due to their reliance on networked communications for monitoring and control. This paper introduces an AI-Assured approach to detect anomalies in water distribution systems communication layers using Long Short-Term Memory models, which are trained, tuned, and validated through four different scenarios targeting disruptions in communication patterns. Using the Secure Water Treatment and anomalies and malicious acts datasets, and by simulating both operational and malicious scenarios, Long Short-Term Memory model is trained on normal data and tested on both regular (idle) and attack situations. The LSTM model employs a sliding time-window technique to capture sequential dependencies in communication data;it identifies anomalies by comparing predicted and actual sequence-significant deviations that signal potential cyber threats. Our scenarios demonstrate an anomaly detection accuracy of 94%, with a false positive rate of 2.5%, indicating the model's capacity to identify both overt and subtle attacks. Further, we evaluate the intentionality of those outliers, whether they are cyber threats or merely a human operator error. The anomalies and malicious acts dataset scenario successfully detects multiple intentional sabotage scenarios, further validating the model's potential in real-world cyber-physical security settings. The findings suggest that integrating AI-Assured, LSTM-based anomaly detection into water systems can enhance security, enabling early threat detection and reducing the overall risk to critical infrastructures communications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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IRMIRS:Inception-ResNet-Based Network for MRI Image Super-Resolution

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2023年第8期136卷 1121-1142页

作者： Wazir Muhammad Zuhaibuddin Bhutto Salman Masroor Murtaza Hussain Shaikh Jalal Shah Ayaz Hussain Department of Electrical Engineering Balochistan University of Engineering and TechnologyKhuzdar89100Pakistan Department of Computer Systems Engineering Balochistan University of Engineering and TechnologyKhuzdar89100Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Balochistan University of Engineering and TechnologyKhuzdar89100Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology10607Taiwan Department of Information Systems Kyungsung UniversityBusan613010South Korea

Medical image super-resolution is a fundamental challenge due to absorption and scattering in *** challenges are increasing the interest in the quality of medical *** research has proven that the rapid progress in convolutional neural networks(CNNs)has achieved superior performance in the area of medical image ***,the traditional CNN approaches use interpolation techniques as a preprocessing stage to enlarge low-resolution magnetic resonance(MR)images,adding extra noise in the models and more memory ***,conventional deep CNN approaches used layers in series-wise connection to create the deeper mode,because this later end layer cannot receive complete information and work as a dead *** this paper,we propose Inception-ResNet-based Network for MRI Image Super-Resolution known as *** our proposed approach,a bicubic interpolation is replaced with a deconvolution layer to learn the upsampling ***,a residual skip connection with the Inception block is used to reconstruct a high-resolution output image from a low-quality input *** and qualitative evaluations of the proposed method are supported through extensive experiments in reconstructing sharper and clean texture details as compared to the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Super-resolution magnetic resonance imaging ResNet block inception block convolutional neural network deconvolution layer

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