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Explainable AI model for PDFMal detection based on gradient boosting model

Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第34期36卷 21607-21622页

作者： Elattar, Mona Younes, Ahmed Gad, Ibrahim Elkabani, Islam Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta31527 Egypt Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria21511 Egypt Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Al Alamein International University Alamein51718 Egypt

Portable document formats (PDFs) are widely used for document exchange due to their widespread usage and versatility. However, PDFs are highly vulnerable to malware attacks, which pose significant security risks. Existing defense mechanisms often struggle to effectively detect and mitigate these threats, highlighting the need for more robust solutions. This paper introduces a robust framework that uses advanced tree-based ensemble models to detect malicious PDFs using the Evasive-PDFMal2022 dataset. The proposed model achieves a recall rate of 100%, an accuracy rate of 99.95%, and a fast inference time of 0.1723 s. Furthermore, the framework exhibits minimal false positive and false negative rates, ensuring a high level of precision in distinguishing between malicious and benign PDFs. Shapley additive explanations are used to improve the interpretability and reliability of the model’s predictions. The results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed model in improving PDF document security and addressing the challenges posed by malware attacks. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) Malicious PDF Malware detection Tree-based ensemble models

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Empowering Biomedical Named Entity Recognition Through Multi-Tagger Collaboration 27

Empowering Biomedical Named Entity Recognition Through Multi...

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27th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2024

作者： Zhao, Jin Xie, Jian Zhu, Tinghui Guo, Qian Li, Zhixu Xiao, Yanghua Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University China Department of Computer Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685489

Biomedical Named Entity Recognition (BioNER) plays a crucial role in automatically identifying specific categories of entities from biomedical texts. Currently, region-based methods have shown promising performance in BioNER. However, existing paradigms in the region-based methods suffer from inherent limitations, including the generation of negative samples, and the ignorance of token dependencies. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new paradigm, implemented as Token Cascade Tagger (TCT), which combines span identification and category classification. The TCT utilizes category information to enhance the correlation between the heads and tails of entities, effectively reducing the generation of negative samples. Additionally, we introduce a Token Dependency Tagger (TDT) that captures token dependencies within entity spans by identifying the longest span in a sentence. The TDT filters out incorrect spans and further improves the accuracy of span detection obtained from the TCT. Furthermore, we employ a multi-task learning framework to optimize both the TCT and TDT, leading to superior performance in BioNER. Extensive experiments on publicly available biomedical datasets demonstrate our method outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods, achieving 92.44%, 92.54%, and 81.26% on NCBI-Disease, BC5CDR, and GENIA, respectively, in terms of F1 score. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Multi-task learning

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Making Sense of Big data in Intelligent Transportation Systems: Current Trends, Challenges and Future Directions

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ACM Computing Surveys 2025年第8期57卷 1-43页

作者： Ahmad Jan, Mian Adil, Muhammad Brik, Bouziane Harous, Saad Abbas, Sohail Department of Computer Science University of Sharjah Sharjah27272 United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science and Engineering University at Buffalo BuffaloNY United States

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) generate massive amounts of Big data through both sensory and non-sensory platforms. The data support batch processing as well as stream processing, which are essential for reliable operations on the roads and connected vehicles in ITS. Despite the immense potential of Big data intelligence in ITS, autonomous vehicles are largely confined to testing and trial phases. The research community is working tirelessly to improve the reliability of ITS by designing new protocols, standards, and connectivity paradigms. In the recent past, several surveys have been conducted that focus on Big data Intelligence for ITS, yet none of them have comprehensively addressed the fundamental challenges hindering the widespread adoption of autonomous vehicles on the roads. Our survey aims to help readers better understand the technological advancements by delving deep into Big data architecture, focusing on data acquisition, data storage, and data visualization. We reviewed sensory and non-sensory platforms for data acquisition, data storage repositories for archival and retrieval of large datasets, and data visualization for presenting the processed data in an interactive and comprehensible format. To this end, we discussed the current research progress by comprehensively covering the literature and highlighting challenges that urgently require the attention of the research community. Based on the concluding remarks, we argued that these challenges hinder the widespread presence of autonomous vehicles on the roads. Understanding these challenges is important for a more informed discussion on the future of self-driven technology. Moreover, we acknowledge that these challenges not only affect individual layers but also impact the functionality of subsequent layers. Finally, we outline our future work that explores how resolving these challenges could enable the realization of innovations such as smart charging systems on the roads and data centers

关键词： Intelligent transportation systems big data sensors storage visualization data centers on the wheels smart computers on the roads

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Fuzzy knowledge based intelligent decision support system for ground based air defence

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第4期15卷 2317-2340页

作者： Ahmad, Adnan Amjad, Rawan Basharat, Amna Farhan, Asma Ahmad Abbas, Ali Ezad Department of Computer Science School of Computing National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Islamabad Pakistan Department of Data Science School of Computing National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Lahore Pakistan Islamabad Pakistan

This research proposes an Intelligent Decision Support System for Ground-Based Air Defense (GBAD) environments, which consist of Defended Assets (DA) on the ground that require protection from enemy aerial threats. A Fire Control Officer is responsible for assessing threats and assigning the most appropriate weapon to neutralize them. However, the decision-making process can be prone to errors, risking resource wastage and endangering DA protection. To address this problem, this research proposes a hybrid approach that combines a knowledge-driven fuzzy inference system with machine learning models to optimize resource allocation while incorporating expert knowledge in the decision-making process. Since sensory data obtained from multiple radars may be incomplete or incorrect, a fuzzy knowledge graph-based system is used for data fusion and providing it to the connected modules. Feature selection is optimized by including the most important parameters, such as the vitality of defended assets and threat score, in the threat evaluation. The results from these subsystems are visualized using a Geographical Information System, allowing for real-time mapping of the GBAD environment and displaying the results in a user-friendly web interface. The proposed system has undergone rigorous testing and evaluation, resulting in an efficient and accurate weapon assignment model with a low RMSE value of 0.037. Overall, this Intelligent Decision Support System provides an effective solution for optimizing decision-making processes in GBAD environments and can significantly improve DA protection. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Graphic methods

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Efficiency-optimized 6G:A virtual network resource orchestration strategy by enhanced particle swarm optimization

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第5期10卷 1221-1233页

作者： Sai Zou Junrui Wu Haisheng Yu Wenyong Wang Lisheng Huang Wei Ni Yan Liu College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina Prospective Technology Lab of the China Future Internet Engineering Center BeijingChina College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and TechnologyChengduChina International Institute for Next Generation Internet Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina Data61 Business Unit CSIROAustralia

The future Sixth-Generation (6G) wireless systems are expected to encounter emerging services with diverserequirements. In this paper, 6G network resource orchestration is optimized to support customized networkslicing of services, and place network functions generated by heterogeneous devices into available *** is a combinatorial optimization problem that is solved by developing a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)based scheduling strategy with enhanced inertia weight, particle variation, and nonlinear learning factor, therebybalancing the local and global solutions and improving the convergence speed to globally near-optimal *** show that the method improves the convergence speed and the utilization of network resourcescompared with other variants of PSO.

关键词： Virtualization Network function orchestration Network resource virtualized orchestration (NRVO) Particle swarm optimization(PSO)

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IoT-Based Women Safety Gadgets (WSG): Vision, Architecture, and Design Trends

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 1027-1045页

作者： Sharad Saxena Shailendra Mishra Mohammed Baljon Shamiksha Mishra Sunil Kumar Sharma Prakhar Goel Shubham Gupta Vinay Kishore Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatialaPunjab147001India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer&Information ScienceMajmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of TechnologyJamshedpur831001India

In recent years,the growth of female employees in the commercial market and industries has *** a result,some people think travelling to distant and isolated locations during odd hours generates new threats to women’s *** exponential increase in assaults and attacks on women,on the other hand,is posing a threat to women’s growth,development,and *** the time of the attack,it appears the women were immobilized and needed immediate *** self-defense isn’t sufficient against abuse;a new technological solution is desired and can be used as quickly as hitting a switch or *** proposed Women Safety Gadget(WSG)aims to design a wearable safety device model based on Internet-of-Things(IoT)and Cloud *** is designed in three layers,namely layer-1,having an android app;layer-2,with messaging and location tracking system;and layer-3,which updates information in the cloud *** can detect an unsafe condition by the pressure sensor of the finger on the artificial nail,consequently diffuses a pepper spray,and automatically notifies the saved closest contacts and police station through messaging and location *** has a response time of 1000 ms once the nail is pressed;the average time for pulse rate measure is 0.475 s,and diffusing the pepper spray is 0.2–0.5 *** average activation time is 2.079 s.

关键词： Perpetrator safety IoT women security GPS tracking GSM

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Machine Learning Model for Sentimental Analysis of Amazon Reviews

Machine Learning Model for Sentimental Analysis of Amazon Re...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Electronic Systems and Intelligent Computing, ICESIC 2024

作者： Umamageswari, A. Pratishwaran, R.J. Poojitha Reddy, M. Yuvan Sankar Raj, R. SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ramapuram Chennai India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering With Specialization in Big Data Analytics Ramapuram Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522988

The goal of this project is to draw a deeper understanding of the subjective nature behind online product reviews, largely by examining a large dataset received from Amazon that contains numerous star ratings and comments. Since there is such a massive amount of data on the Amazon platform, it was perfect for the analysis. Our methodology is platform-agnostic and can be easily extended to other comparable datasets from other web platforms with comparable guarantees in achieving wide applicability. Our primary motivation is improving the dependability of online shopping. Since product reviews are currently widely used by many consumers as guides in making decisions to buy products, such reviews ought to be fair representations of the actual dependability and quality of the products. The goal of our effort is to identify patterns in the language and ratings of such reviews that would directly reflect the real customer sentiment and also the reliability of the product. Our approach has yielded already a rate of about 92%, which shows it has the potential greatly to raise the legitimacy of online reviews. We'd like to make our customers feel more confident and better equipped with information to make better and safer purchases on a website like Amazon and others. In the final analysis, we strive to make online shopping for our customers worldwide safer and more trustworthy. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： data reliability

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Message from Guest Editors of the CVM 2024 Special Issue

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Computational Visual Media 2024年第4期10卷 611-612页

作者： Andrei Sharf Fang-Lue Zhang Department of Computer Science Ben-Gurion University Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel School of Engineering and Computer Science Victoria University of Wellington Wellington6012 NewZealand

The Computational Visual Media(CVM)conference series is intended to provide a prominent international forum for exchanging innovative research ideas and significant computational methodologies that either underpin or ... 详细信息

关键词： CVM Guest Media

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FaVEL: Fact Validation Ensemble Learning 24th

FaVEL: Fact Validation Ensemble Learning

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24th International Conference on Knowledge engineering and Knowledge Management, EKAW 2024

作者： Qudus, Umair Pekarou, Franck Lionel Tatkeu da Silva, Ana Alexandra Morim Röder, Michael Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Data Science Group Department of Computer Science Paderborn University Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031777912

Validating assertions before adding them to a knowledge graph is an essential part of its creation and maintenance. Due to the sheer size of knowledge graphs, automatic fact-checking approaches have been developed. These approaches rely on reference knowledge to decide whether a given assertion is correct. Recent hybrid approaches achieve good results by including several knowledge sources. However, it is often impractical to provide a sheer quantity of textual knowledge or generate embedding models to leverage these hybrid approaches. We present FaVEL, an approach that uses algorithm selection and ensemble learning to amalgamate several existing fact-checking approaches that rely solely on a reference knowledge graph and, hence, use fewer resources than current hybrid approaches. For our evaluation, we create updated versions of two existing datasets and a new dataset dubbed FaVEL-DS. Our evaluation compares our approach to 15 fact-checking approaches—including the state-of-the-art approach HybridFC—on 3 datasets. Our results demonstrate that FaVEL outperforms all other approaches significantly by at least 0.04 in terms of the area under the ROC curve. Our source code, datasets, and evaluation results are open-source and can be found at https://***/dice-group/favel. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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A Mathematical and Dynamical Model for Analyzing H-Shaped PM Vernier Motor for Electric Motorcycle Mid-Drive Applications

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IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2025年第1期40卷 529-543页

作者： Ghods, Mehrage Faiz, Jawad Bazrafshan, Mohammad Amin Gorginpour, Hamed Toulabi, Mohammad Sedigh University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Tehran*** Iran Persian Gulf University Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering and Data Science Bushehr*** Iran Oakland University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering RochesterMI48309 United States

The permanent magnet (PM) Vernier machines enhance torque density and decrease cogging torque compared to conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor. This paper presents a novel fractional-slot H-shaped PM Vernier machines, which incorporates unique design for the PM housing and rotor core construction. These designs are specifically optimized for the small-scale electric vehicles application. The choice of the PM arrangement is based on the combination of V-shaped and spoke-array PM topologies. The aim is to achieve a higher torque density than V-shaped PM machines, while reducing cogging torque compared to spoke-array PM machines. By using this methodology, leakage fluxes in the terminal region of the PMs reduce, resulting in an augmentation of both flux-linkage and power factor. A prototype 680 W motor was fabricated with 12 slots and 8 poles to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed model. Mathematical model and dynamical analysis are proposed for the analytical prediction of machine performance. Due to the unique shape feature of the machine, the conformal mapping approach is applied to design the rotor core. To validate the model, the predicted performance of the motor was compared with those obtained by finite element analysis and experiments. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Permanent magnets

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