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Beyond boundaries: Unifying classification and segmentation in wildfire detection systems

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-33页

作者： Singh, Swapnil Vazirani, Vidhi Singhania, Sanvika Suroth, Vaishnavi Singh Soni, Vaibhav Biwalkar, Ameyaa Krishnan, Deepa Computer Science Department Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA United States Computer Science Department Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Computer Engineering Department Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & ampEngineering NMIMS University Maharashtra Mumbai India

Forest fires, a dangerous natural phenomenon, cause large-scale destruction in forests and nearby communities. In this paper, we leverage the capabilities of classification and fast prediction of machine learning and deep learning to detect forest fires by proposing a dual-stage approach of identification and segmentation of burnt/burning regions. The initial identification step uses simple classification by harnessing custom convolutional neural network and AlexNet to detect satellite images displaying signs of burning, followed by the next step of segmentation, which employs UNet and SegNet architectures to precisely localize the burnt/burning areas. We chose UNet considering its ability of efficient feature preservation, and SegNet prominent use for precise boundary delineation. For training our models, we have curated a dataset using Google Earth Engine, querying latitude, longitude, and dates. Image processing techniques facilitated the extraction of segmentation masks, bounding box images, and segmented images. The post-training results portray that CNN outperforms AlexNet with an 88.19% accuracy for classification, while in segmentation, UNet excelled over SegNet with a dice score of 0.6869. If deployed, this study stands to benefit forest officials, local communities, and biodiversity. Moreover, it aids afforestation teams in identifying burnt zones for targeted reforestation efforts, ensuring a more effective response to forest fires. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Landsat

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Neighborhood Feature Enhancement Flow Diffusion Model for Point Cloud Generation 27th

Neighborhood Feature Enhancement Flow Diffusion Model for Po...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Wang, Hongcheng Zhang, Dongdong Liu, Taotao Qi, Xumai Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031783883

Collecting 3D point cloud data is cumbersome, so generating high-quality point clouds from existing data can save time and resources while providing more data to support tasks in various fields. In this paper, we propose a neighborhood feature enhancement flow diffusion model for point cloud generation. First, we constructed a multi-scale neighborhood feature aggregation module, which utilizes k-nearest neighbors sampling at different scales to obtain the neighborhood coordinates of each point, thereby aggregating them into coarse global features. Second, we develop a neighborhood attention-based feature enhancement module that uses geometric information in the neighborhood coordinate space to enhance coarse features in the feature space. Then, we used a point-voxel convolutional neural network to reduce redundant features in the enhancement features and output the latent vector of the point cloud. Finally, we transform the latent vectors into data-consistent prior flow features using our designed feature-to-flow data transformation module, seamlessly integrating them into the denoising diffusion model for accurate generation from noisy point clouds. This prior flow approach improves the consistency and coherence of point cloud density distribution. Extensive experiments on the ShapeNet dataset validate the effectiveness of the model in generating 3D point clouds. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Automated object recognition in high-resolution optical remote sensing imagery

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National science Review 2023年第6期10卷 38-41页

作者： Yazhou Yao Tao Chen Hanbo Bi Xinhao Cai Gensheng Pei Guoye Yang Zhiyuan Yan Xian Sun Xing Xu Hai Zhang School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology (NIST) Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Pazhou Laboratory (Huangpu) School of Mathematics Northwest University

INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of remote sensing technology,high-quality remote sensing images have become widely *** automated object detection and recognition of these images,which aims to automatically locate objects of interest in remote sensing images and distinguish their specific categories,is an important fundamental task in the *** provides an effective means for geospatial object monitoring in many social applications,such as intelligent transportation,urban planning,environmental monitoring and homeland security.

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Leveraging Contrastive Learning for Enhanced Node Representations in Tokenized Graph Transformers 38

Leveraging Contrastive Learning for Enhanced Node Representa...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Chen, Jinsong Liu, Hanpeng Hopcroft, John E. He, Kun School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Hopcroft Center on Computing Science Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Department of Computer Science Cornell University United States

While tokenized graph Transformers have demonstrated strong performance in node classification tasks, their reliance on a limited subset of nodes with high similarity scores for constructing token sequences overlooks valuable information from other nodes, hindering their ability to fully harness graph information for learning optimal node representations. To address this limitation, we propose a novel graph Transformer called GCFormer. Unlike previous approaches, GCFormer develops a hybrid token generator to create two types of token sequences, positive and negative, to capture diverse graph information. And a tailored Transformer-based backbone is adopted to learn meaningful node representations from these generated token sequences. Additionally, GCFormer introduces contrastive learning to extract valuable information from both positive and negative token sequences, enhancing the quality of learned node representations. Extensive experimental results across various datasets, including homophily and heterophily graphs, demonstrate the superiority of GCFormer in node classification, when compared to representative graph neural networks (GNNs) and graph Transformers. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Secure and Reliable Routing in the Internet of Vehicles Network:AODV-RL with BHA Attack Defense

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computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第4期139卷 633-659页

作者： Nadeem Ahmed Khalid Mohammadani Ali Kashif Bashir Marwan Omar Angel Jones Fayaz Hassan School of Electronic Science Beijing University of Post and TelecommunicationBeijing100086China Department of Computer Science Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggangChina Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Woxsen School of Business Woxsen UniversityHyderabad502345India Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon Information Technology and Management Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoUSA College of Computing Capital Technology UniversityLaurelUSA

Wireless technology is transforming the future of transportation through the development of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV).However,intricate security challenges are intertwinedwith technological progress:Vehicular ad hoc Networks(VANETs),a core component of IoV,face security issues,particularly the Black Hole Attack(BHA).This malicious attack disrupts the seamless flow of data and threatens the network’s overall reliability;also,BHA strategically disrupts communication pathways by dropping data packets from legitimate nodes *** the importance of this challenge,we have introduced a new solution called ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector-Reputation-based mechanism Local Outlier Factor(AODV-RL).The significance of AODVRL lies in its unique approach:it verifies and confirms the trustworthiness of network components,providing robust protection against *** additional safety layer is established by implementing the Local Outlier Factor(LOF),which detects and addresses abnormal network *** testing of our solution has revealed its remarkable ability to enhance communication in ***,Our experimental results achieve message delivery ratios of up to 94.25%andminimal packet loss ratios of just 0.297%.Based on our experimental results,the proposedmechanismsignificantly improves VANET communication reliability and *** results promise a more secure and dependable future for IoV,capable of transforming transportation safety and efficiency.

关键词： Black hole attack IoV vehicular ad hoc network AODV routing protocol

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BNSENTMIX: A Diverse Bengali-English Code-Mixed Dataset for Sentiment Analysis 1

BNSENTMIX: A Diverse Bengali-English Code-Mixed Dataset for ...

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1st Workshop on Language Models for Low-Resource Languages, LoResLM 2025 - co-located at the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Alam, Sadia Farhan Ishmam, Md. Alvee, Navid Hasin Shahnewaz Siddique, Md. Kamal, Abu Raihan Mostofa Azam Hossain, Md. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Islamic University of Technology Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798891762152

The widespread availability of code-mixed data in digital spaces can provide valuable insights into low-resource languages like Bengali, which have limited annotated corpora. Sentiment analysis, a pivotal text classification task, has been explored across multiple languages, yet code-mixed Bengali remains underrepresented with no large-scale, diverse benchmark. Code-mixed text is particularly challenging as it requires the understanding of multiple languages and their interaction in the same text. We address this limitation by introducing BNSENTMIX, a sentiment analysis dataset on code-mixed Bengali comprising 20,000 samples with 4 sentiment labels, sourced from Facebook, YouTube, and e-commerce sites. By aggregating multiple sources, we ensure linguistic diversity reflecting realistic code-mixed scenarios. We implement a novel automated text filtering pipeline using fine-tuned language models to detect code-mixed samples and expand code-mixed text corpora. We further propose baselines using machine learning, neural networks, and transformer-based language models. The availability of a diverse dataset is a critical step towards democratizing NLP and ultimately contributing to a better understanding of code-mixed languages. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Incremental Object Detection With Image-Level Labels

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第5期5卷 2331-2341页

作者： Yu, Qianzi Zhu, Kai Wang, Wen Cao, Yang Kang, Yu University of Science and Technology of China Department of Automation School of Information Science and Technology Hefei230026 China Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei230039 China Zhejiang University College of Computer Science and Technology State Key Lab of CAD&CG Hangzhou310027 China University of Science and Technology of China School of Information Science and Technology Hefei230026 China

Incremental object detection (IOD) aims to achieve simultaneous prediction of old and new samples on localization and classification when new concepts are provided. It is a challenging task due to the need for a joint interpretation of semantic and spatial information. While the existing work accomplishes the detector generalization with the help of annotated sample classes and bounding boxes, this article presents one astonishing finding on the unnecessity of new bounding boxes, which will significantly reduce the annotation cost and condition constraints in IOD. To enable the incremental detection process with image-level labels, we propose a multibranch decoupling scheme in which the representation, classification, and regression branches are customized to accommodate new concepts with class labels with different semantic levels. The regression branch is first frozen to ensure generalizable localization while maintaining the stability of representation optimization. Then, the representation branch is gradient-inverted to estimate the distribution drift from the old object-level set to the new image-level one, improving the effectiveness of feature updates in the absence of homogeneous semantic and spatial supervision. Finally, the classification branch is calibrated to balance the contribution of different images to the gradient, in which the frequency ratios of old instances and new images are calculated as a postprocessing factor for the logits margin. Extensive experiments on two standard incremental detection benchmarks demonstrate the above-par recognition and localization performance while reducing the burden on new class annotation, outperforming state-of-the-art methods by 2% and 3%, respectively. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Feature extraction

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An overview on IRS-enabled sensing and communications for 6G: architectures, fundamental limits, and joint beamforming designs

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 170-193页

作者： Xianxin SONG Yuan FANG Feng WANG Zixiang REN Xianghao YU Ye ZHANG Fan LIU Jie XU Derrick Wing Kwan NG Rui ZHANG Shuguang CUI School of Science and Engineering (SSE) Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen)and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Computer School Beijing Information Science and Technology University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

This study presents an overview on intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-enabled sensing and communication for the forthcoming sixth-generation(6G) wireless networks, in which IRSs are strategically deployed to proactively reconfigure wireless environments to improve both sensing and communication(S&C) performance. First, we exploit a single IRS to enable wireless sensing in the base station's(BS's) non-line-of-sight(NLoS) area. In particular, we present three IRS-enabled NLoS target sensing architectures with fully-passive, semi-passive, and active IRSs, respectively. We compare their pros and cons by analyzing the fundamental sensing performance limits for target detection and parameter estimation. Next, we consider a single IRS to facilitate integrated sensing and communication(ISAC), in which the transmit signals at the BS are used for achieving both S&C functionalities, aided by the IRS through reflective beamforming. We present joint transmit signal and receiver processing designs for realizing efficient ISAC, and jointly optimize the transmit beamforming at the BS and reflective beamforming at the IRS to balance the fundamental performance tradeoff between S&C. Furthermore, we discuss multi-IRS networked ISAC, by particularly focusing on multi-IRS-enabled multi-link ISAC, multi-region ISAC, and ISAC signal routing, respectively. Finally, we highlight various promising research topics in this area to motivate future work.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) non-line-of-sight (NLoS) sensing sensing and communication tradeoff

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Enhanced Vision-Based Human Fall Detection with Mask-RCNN and Autoencoder-LSTM Hybrid Framework 6

Enhanced Vision-Based Human Fall Detection with Mask-RCNN an...

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6th Doctoral Symposium on Intelligence Enabled Research, DoSIER 2024

作者： Chakraborty, Sritama Ghosh, Mili Department of Computer Science & Technology University of North Bengal India

Elderly individuals who reside independently face a heightened risk of experiencing serious harm due to accidental falls, a leading contributor to mortality rates in this demographic. Fall detection is a critical part of health care for older adults. This paper introduces a methodology for identifying falls among elderly individuals utilizing machine learning algorithms. We suggest utilizing Mask R-CNN, Autoencoder- LSTM, and a Hybrid Mask R-CNN-Autoencoder-LSTM framework to detect falls in a video surveillance environment. Primarily, these algorithms are trained to identify deformations in human body shapes and postures, enabling them to detect whether a fall has occurred. At their core, these algorithms are instructed to distinguish shifts in human body structures and movements, empowering them to flag potential fall occurrences. Our findings suggest that the Mask R-CNN and Autoencoder- LSTM models perform well independently, with the Mask R-CNN excelling in spatial feature extraction and the Autoencoder-LSTM effectively modeling the temporal changes in body movements. However, the hybrid Mask R-CNN-Autoencoder-LSTM approach does not fully capitalize on the strengths of both models, leading to a slightly lower performance than the individual models. Despite this, both Mask R-CNN and Autoencoder-LSTM present a reliable solution for fall detection, with the hybrid framework offering potential improvements for future research. © 2025 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Fall detection

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DeepVNE: Deep Reinforcement and Graph Convolution Fusion for Virtual Network Embedding 16

DeepVNE: Deep Reinforcement and Graph Convolution Fusion for...

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16th International Conference on COMmunication Systems and NETworkS, COMSNETS 2024

作者： Keerthan Kumar, T.G. Kb, Aneesh Siddheshwar, Anagha Marali, Amulya Kamath, Anupama Koolagudi, S.G. Addya, Sourav Kanti National Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karnataka India Siddaganga Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering India Pes University Department of Computer Science and Engineering India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383119

Network virtualization (NV) plays a crucial role in modern network management. One of the fundamental challenges in NV is allocating physical network (PN) resources to the demands of the virtual network requests (VNRs). This process is known as a virtual network embedding (VNE) and is NP-hard. Most of the existing approaches for VNE are based on heuristic, meta-heuristic, and exact strategies with limited flexibility and the risk of being stuck in local optimal solutions. In this concern, we provide a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) and graph convolution network (GCN) fusion for VNE (DeepVNE) for maximizing the revenue-to-cost ratio. The DeepVNE takes advantage of the power of actor-critic models within the DRL framework to detect network states and provide optimal solutions matched to current conditions. DeepVNE effectively captures the structural dependencies of both VNRs and PN resources by GCNs, allowing better decision-making during the embedding. Considering several features in the agents throughout the training phase improves resource utilization. The experiments show that DeepVNE outperforms the baselines by gaining a 51% acceptance ratio and 28% revenue-to-cost ratio. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Graph Convolutional Network Network Virtualization Reinforcement Learning Virtual Network Embedding

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