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29th Working Group Reports on Innovation and Technology in computer science Education, ITiCSE WGR 2024

作者： Toti, Giulia Lindner, Peggy Gao, Alice Baghban Karimi, Ouldooz Engineer, Rutwa Hur, Jinyoung Mcneill, Fiona Reckinger, Shanon Robinson, Rebecca Sollazzo, Anna Wicentowski, Richard Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia VancouverBC Canada Department of Information Science Technology University of Houston HoustonTX United States Department of Computer Science University of Toronto TorontoON Canada School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University SurreyBC Canada Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences University of Toronto Mississauga MississaugaON Canada Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana-ChampaignIL United States School of Informatics University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Chicago ChicagoIL United States Department of Human Centred Computing Monash University ClaytonVIC Australia School of Computing Science University of Glasgow United Kingdom Computer Science Department Swarthmore College SwarthmorePA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712081

Undergraduate computer science programs worldwide struggle to attract and retain underrepresented students for many reasons. Culture, stereotype threats, uneven gender and racial representations, lack of role models, and uncertain career prospects for minority groups are among the many reasons behind this situation. Many computer science programs are trying to change course through strategies to foster equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI), aimed at improving outreach, recruitment, admissions, and retention of underrepresented students. EDI approaches may also include modifications to the undergraduate computer science curriculum. However, if not properly planned, these modifications risk amplifying existing stereotypes rather than producing positive change [38]. In this study, through an extensive literature review, a rigorous curriculum analysis of 49 computer science programs across the globe, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of surveys and interviews bringing in the voices of 613 students and 30 educators participating from around the world, we explore equity, diversity, and inclusion in the computer science curriculum. We highlight the role of inclusive content and course design, discuss program flexibility, and the impact of inclusive courses and program design in attracting and retaining historically marginalized students. Finally, we provide concrete steps to make computing science undergraduate curricula more appealing to a diverse audience. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Students

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Exploring UAV Interfaces: An Eye-Tracking Study on Novice and Experienced Users 24

Exploring UAV Interfaces: An Eye-Tracking Study on Novice an...

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Proceedings of the 28th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Progress in Computing and Informatics

作者： Andreas Kousoulos Angelos Fotopoulos Dimosthenis Minas Michalis Xenos Department of Computer Engineering & Informatics / Software Quality and Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory University of Patras Patras Greece University of Patras Patras Greece

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computer vision-based hybrid efficient convolution for isolated dynamic sign language recognition

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第32期36卷 19951-19966页

作者： Chowdhury, Prothoma Khan Oyshe, Kabiratun Ummi Rahaman, Muhammad Aminur Debnath, Tanoy Rahman, Anichur Kumar, Neeraj Department of Computer Science and Engineering Green University of Bangladesh 220/D Begum Rokeya Sarani Purbachal American City Kanchon Dhaka1207 Bangladesh Constituent Institute of the University of Dhaka Kohinoor gate Dhaka-Aricha Hwy Nayarhat Savar Dhaka1350 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Patiala India University of Economics and Human Sciences WARSAW Poland

Isolated dynamic sign language recognition (IDSLR) has the potential to change accessibility and inclusion by enabling speech and/or hearing-impaired people to engage more completely in a variety of spheres of life, including social interactions, work, and more. IDSLR is a challenging task due to considering a sequence of image frame analysis with multiple linguistic features for a single gesture in cluttered backgrounds and an illumination variation environment. We have proposed a Hybrid Efficient Convolution (HEC) model that ensembles EfficientNet-B3 and a few modified layers as an alternative to traditional machine learning techniques with improved performances in cluttered backgrounds with illumination variation environments. The architecture of the HCE integrates pre-trained layers of EfficientNet-B3 loaded with customized weights and a new custom dense layer featuring 256 units, followed by batch normalization, dropout, and the final output layer. To enhance the robustness of the system, we employed the augmentation technique during pre-processing. Then, the system executes channel-wise feature transformation through point-wise convolution that reduces the computational complexity and increases the accuracy. The updated dense layer with 256 units processes the output from the standard EfficientNet-B3, shaping the model into a hybrid form to achieve better performance. We have created our own gesture dataset, called "BdSL_OPA_23_GESTURES," which consists of 6000 video clips of 100 isolated dynamic Bangla Sign Language words, with 60 videos for each word from 20 different people in the cluttered background with illumination variation environments to train and evaluate the performances of the proposed model. We have considered 80% of the total dataset for training purpose, while the remaining 20% is dedicated to testing and validation. In a small number of epochs, our proposed HEC model achieves a superior accuracy of 93.17% on our created "BdSL_OPA_23_GESTURES"

关键词： Convolution

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First or Third-Person Hearing? A Controlled Evaluation of Auditory Perspective on Embodiment and Sound Localization Performance

First or Third-Person Hearing? A Controlled Evaluation of Au...

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International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)

作者： Yi Fei Cheng Laurie M. Heller Stacey Cho David Lindlbauer Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University

ISBN: (数字)9798331516475

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516482

Virtual Reality (VR) allows users to flexibly choose the perspective through which they interact with a synthetic environment. Users can either adopt a first-person perspective, in which they see through the eyes of their virtual avatar, or a third-person perspective, in which their viewpoint is detached from the virtual avatar. Prior research has shown that the visual perspective affects different interactions and influences core experiential factors, such as the user’s sense of embodiment. However, there is limited understanding of how auditory perspective mediates user experience in immersive virtual environments. In this paper, we conducted a controlled experiment $(N=24)$ on the effect of the user’s auditory perspective on their performance in a sound localization task and their sense of embodiment. Our results showed that when viewing a virtual avatar from a third-person visual perspective, adopting the auditory perspective of the avatar may increase agency and self-avatar merging, even when controlling for variations in task difficulty caused by shifts in auditory perspective. Additionally, our findings suggest that differences in auditory perspective generally have a smaller effect than differences in visual perspective. We discuss the implications of our empirical investigation of audio perspective for designing embodied auditory experiences in VR.

关键词： Location awareness Visualization Avatars Merging Virtual environments Auditory system User experience Augmented reality

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Improving the Interpretability through Maximizing Mutual Information for EEG Emotion Recognition

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IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 2024年第02期16卷 744-757页

作者： Yang, Hua Philip Chen, C.L. Chen, Bianna Zhang, Tong North Carolina State University Department of Computer Science United States South China University of Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of AI Large Model and Intelligent Cognition The School of Computer Science and Engineering Guangzhou510006 China Pazhou Lab Guangzhou510335 China Engineering Research Center The Ministry of Education on Health Intelligent Perception and Paralleled Digital-Human Guangzhou China

Trustworthy Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for EEG emotion recognition should identify emotions accurately and elucidate corresponding rationales. Current GNNs have achieved notable performance by dynamically modeling emotional connections between EEG channels. However, these GNNs lack interpretability due to the absence of explicit rationale behind their predictions. This paper conducts a comprehensive identification of important EEG channels to enhance the interpretability of EEG emotion recognition from the perspective of mutual information. Specifically, an Adjacency-Explainable Graph Neural Network (AEG) for ante-hoc interpretability is proposed to capture genuine EEG emotional connections, which gives a theoretical guarantee to remove spurious connections. Moreover, a Channel-wise Adaptive Class Activation Mapping Explainer (CACA) for post-hoc interpretability is developed to locate the EEG channels that contribute most to predictions. Experimental results on three datasets, i.e., SEED, SEED-IV, and DREAMER, prove that imbuing training processes with enhanced interpretability ensures significant performance improvements in emotion recognition. Quantitative comparisons of post-hoc interpretability also demonstrate the superiority of CACA. Furthermore, this paper illustrates two potential applications of the proposed methodologies, showing their broader utility and significance. © 2010-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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[DC] Context-Aware Inference and Adaptation in Augmented Reality

[DC] Context-Aware Inference and Adaptation in Augmented Rea...

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Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), IEEE Conference on

作者： Shakiba Davari Center for Human-Computer Interaction and Department of Computer Science Virginia TechUSA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484039

Augmented Reality(AR) offers the potential for easy and efficient information access, reinforcing the wide belief that AR Glasses are the next-generation of personal computing devices. However, to realize this all-day AR vision, the AR interface must be able to address the challenges that constant and pervasive presence of virtual content can cause for the user. The optimal interface, that is the most efficient yet least intrusive, in one context may be the worst interface for another context. Throughout the day, as the user switches context, an optimal all-day interface must adapts its virtual content display and interactions as well. This work aims to propose a research agenda to design and validate different adaptation techniques and context-aware AR interfaces and introduce a framework for the design of such intelligent interfaces.

关键词： human computer interaction Three-dimensional displays Conferences Glass Next generation networking Augmented reality

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Social Simulation for Everyday Self-Care: Design Insights from Leveraging VR, AR, and LLMs for Practicing Stress Relief 25

Social Simulation for Everyday Self-Care: Design Insights fr...

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Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems

作者： Anna Fang Hriday Chhabria Alekhya Maram Haiyi Zhu Human-Computer Interaction Institute School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA Barnard College New York New York USA Human Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA

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Gaze Behaviour in Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During Exposure Within Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy 17th

Gaze Behaviour in Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Di...

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17th EAI International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare, PervasiveHealth 2023

作者： Thierfelder, Annika Severitt, Björn Klein, Carolin S. Alt, Annika K. Hollmann, Karsten Bulling, Andreas Ilg, Winfried Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research Section for Computational Sensomotorics University Hospital Tübingen Tübingen Germany Department of Computer Science Human-Computer Interaction University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy University Hospital Tübingen Tübingen Germany Institute for Visualisation and Interactive Systems University Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031597169

Digital health interventions that involve monitoring patient behaviour increasingly benefit from improvements in sensor technology. Eye tracking in particular can provide useful information for psychotherapy but an effective method to extract this information is currently missing. We propose a method to analyse natural gaze behaviour during exposure exercises for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). At the core of our method is a neural network to detect fixations based on gaze patch similarities. Detected fixations are clustered into exposure-relevant, therapist, and other locations and corresponding eye movement metrics are correlated with subjective stress reported during exposure. We evaluate our method on gaze and stress data recorded during video-based psychotherapy of four adolescents with OCD. We found that fixation duration onto exposure-relevant locations consistently increases with the perceived stress level as opposed to fixations onto other locations. Fixation behaviour towards the therapist varied largely between patients. Taken together, our results not only demonstrate the effectiveness of our method for analysing natural gaze behaviour during exposure sessions. The fixation analysis shows that patients allocate more attention towards exposure-related objects under higher stress levels, suggesting higher mental load. As such, providing feedback on fixation behaviour holds significant promise to support therapists in monitoring intensity of exposure exercises. © ICST Institute for computer sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Location

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Emotion Recognition from Eye Movements Using Multi-way Autoregressive Model

Emotion Recognition from Eye Movements Using Multi-way Autor...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Ma, Tian-Fang Liu, Xuan-Hao Zheng, Wei-Long Lu, Bao-Liang Shanghai Jiao Tong University Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence Department of Computer Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

The application of physiological signals in emotion recognition is a popular research topic in human-computer interactions. Eye movement, as an important physiological signal, plays an essential role in medicine, psychology, cognitive science, and other scientific research fields. Previous studies have successfully identified human emotions by combining various eye-related measurements, selecting features, and utilizing machine learning techniques. However, the exploration of eye movement signals in emotion recognition remains insufficient. In this study, we utilize eye tracking heatmap and eye movement trajectory data for emotion recognition for the first time. Based on the two types of eye movement data, we develop a multi-way autoregressive model capable of processing multi-view eye movement data. Compared to traditional deep learning baseline models, our model better adapts to the structure of eye movement data and significantly improves the classification performance. Furthermore, we integrate heatmap and trajectory data with commonly used eye-related measurement features, which further enhance the performance of emotion recognition beyond previous methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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A 2D Geometry Based Grasping Pose Generation Algorithm for a Two-Finger Robot Hand

A 2D Geometry Based Grasping Pose Generation Algorithm for a...

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Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)

作者： Arash Akbari Arman Akbari Mehdi Tale Masouleh Department of Computer Science University of Tehran Tehran Iran Human and Robot Interaction Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran

Robot grasping is of paramount importance in industrial and service robotics. In recent years, various data-driven algorithms have been proposed to solve the problem of grasp detection and a part of them are based on reinforcement learning (RL) approaches. In a variety of proposed algorithms, random key points are being employed which will make the learning process inefficient and time-consuming. In this paper, a geometry-based algorithm is presented which can find grasp poses based on the geometry of the unknown object and propose the ones which may lead to successful grasping. For the grasp contacts computation part, the presented algorithm produces a finite number of key points based on the 2D shape of the object from a specific point of view. Afterward, it will narrow down the candidate points and output a finite number of successful grasp poses based on three grasp quality metrics for various unknown objects. Three approaches are proposed in order to achieve center points which can describe different parts of a 2D shape. Then, the obtained points are used as the center of circles which are tangent to the 2D shape contour. Also, a new grasp quality metric is proposed. The time of the grasp and the amount of object disorientation after grasping are considered as a metric to evaluate the successfulness of the grasp. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm for unknown object grasping can find a finite number of successful grasp poses for different seen or unseen objects without using any random point,

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